^mm^mJ^^ 



M E R 



JNl'l 






mi^S^mmrm 



MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY 



OF NEW YORK. 



F. S. WINSTON', President. 

R. A. McCURDY, Vice-Presidrnt. 

J. M. STUART, Secretary. 

W. H. C. BARTLETT.LL.D, Actuary 

0. H. PALMER, Solicitor, 

ISAAC L. KIP, M. D. ) Medic;.! 

G. S. WINSTON', M. D. \ Examineri 



OF IT ICE: 




140 to 1 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 



Shelf . f\/\ 2"^ 




'MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CO'S BUILDING, NEW YORK.] 




iaSd:i'OK.TA.3MT 

TO 

TRAVELERS. 



Cash Assets, $3,200,000. 



THE TRAVELERS INSURANCE COMPANY 

OF HARTFORD, CONN., 
grants everything desirable in 



ACCIDENT DEPARTMENT. 

Policies insuring against deatli by any form or Accident, at home or 
abroad. 

RATE PER $1000. 

One Month. Two Moxths. Three Months. Onk Yeak. 

S2.90 • S.1.35 S3.80 $5.00 

Daily average of Losses paid $850.00 (during ten years.) 



LIFE DEPARTMENT. 

In its T ife Department, the Tk-vulers grants full Life and Endow- 
ment Policies, emoracing ihe best leatures 01 the besi companies, as 
to uon|forleiture. terms ot pnyuieiit, etc., bui without any ot the com- 
plications or uncertainties of the note system. 

All policies non tcneitable. Its five, ten. fifteen and twentv year 
policies can be converted into endowments, at the option of the insurant. 

This feature is original with this Company. 



34r0,000 Policies T\^x'i1teii. 

^3, 750,000 Paid in Losses. 



R. DENNIS, Secretary, 



J. G. BATTERSON, President. 



New York Office, 207 Broadway, 

R. M. JOHNSON, Manager. 



morford's 
Short-Trip Guide 



TO 



AMERICA. 



{UNITED STATES AND DOMINION OF CANADA:^ 

:,.■:. J/' 

By HENRY MORFORD, 

AOTHOK OF TMK " SHORT-TRIP GUIDE TO BUROPE," " OVIR-SBA," 
"PARIS IN '67," BTC. 



PHILADELPHIA : 

J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO. 

■^ NEW YORK: 

LBB, SHEPARD & DILLINGHAM. ^ ~~^*-«»^ 

BOSTON: ' -^ RiG^l^^-t-. 

LEE & SHEPARD. U^/t (f ' 

LONDON: •:> IS'/'^T' o^'/ 

W. H. SMITH & SON. 186, STRAND^s^. •^WA5H\^*£^ 

PARIS: 
CHA8. LE GAY. 1 RUB SCRIBE ; 
LOUIS. 90 RUB DBS ACA':nAS, AVBNUB DB LA GRANDS 






■ntered at Stationers' Hall, Londoo — all rights retierved. 

Entered according to Act ot congress, in the year 1875, 

By henry MORFORD, 

tetbd Office of the Librarian of v;onsre88. at Wiii>UQ!;ta£. L>. 0. 



k 






TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



CoBi AND Time of Short American Trips 1 

Fbxfabationb for the Trip to America 17 

What to Do and Avoid on Shipboard 80 

BXU.-TIMB at Sea 40 

Nitr YoEK CiTT, Harbor and Suburbs 43 

ReuTX No. 1.— Northern— New York to Niagara and Canada 69 

" No. 2.— Northern— New York to Niagara and Canada 83 

'* No. 3.— Northern— New York to Saratoga, Lake George, &c, 91 
" No. 4. — ^Eastern — New York to Boston, by New Haven, 

Providence, &c 103 

" No. 5.— Eastern— Boston to Portland and Canada 134 

" No. 6.— Northern and Eastern— Boston to White Mountains, 

iS5C 129 

" No. 7.— Northern and Eastern— New York to White Moun- 
tains. &c , 186 

*' No. 8. — Near Western— New York to Philadelphia 144 

" No. 9. — Western and Southern — Philadelphia, to Baltimore, 

Washington audBicbmond 163 

" No. 9>i'.— Special Virofinlau— Baltimore or Washington to 

Virginia Cities, Springs and iMouutains ..... 4 189 

" No. 10. — South-Western— Richmond to Charleston, Savan- 
nah, New Orleans, &c 189/ 

" No. 11.— South Western— Washington or Richmond to Nash- 
ville and New Orleans 195 

•* No. 11>4.— Southern— Richmond to Charleston, Savannah, 

and Florida Resorts 196o 

" No. 12 —Western— New York or Philadelphia to Cincinnati 

and Chicago 197 

" No. 13.— Western— New York to Chicago. «&c 206 

" No. 14.— Western— Cincinnati to Louisville, St. Louis and 

Chicago 217 

" No. 15.— Northern and Western— Buffalo to Chicago, by Lake 

Shore 326 

" No. 16.— Northern— New York or Philadelphia to Coal and 

Oil Regions 228 

" No. 17.— Canadian and Western— Niagara to Detroit and 

Chicago 231 

" No. 18.— North Western— Chicago to St. Paul and Lake 

Superior 237 

*' No. 19 Canadian— Niagara to Toronto, Ottawa, Montreal, 

Quebec, &c 241 

" No. 20.— Canadian— Niagara to Toronto, Montreal and Que- 
bec, by Steamers 257 

" No. 21.— Far Western— Chicago to Omaha, Salt Lake City 

and San Francisco .... 261 

Orr Route and Minor Places 377 

DtBTANCEs, Time and Fares 804 

Btxaxship Lines and Banking Hontes — 

▲jobbioam Hotels for Travellers — 

Branin)XB« TO Rahblebb .. — 



ADVERTISEMENT 

TO THE FIFTH EDITION. 

The preparation of the '* Short-Trip Guide to America " 
was induced by the practical success of the Guide to Europe, 
on the same plan, and the generally admitted want of some 
hand-book for tourists in America, fitted for pocket-use, and 
railway, carriage or steamer reading, by convenient size, 
clearness of type, and giving the data most ordinarily re- 
quired, while carefully avoiding tedious and unnecessary 
details. Such a book had long been regarded as a necessity, 
especially for 

1st. The very large and constantly-increasing body of Eng- 
lish-speaking people, principally from the British^ Islands, 
crossing the Atlantic for a short sojourn in the New World, 
and desirous of seeing the greatest possible variety of 
interesting places within a limited period without undue 
expenditure; and 

3nd. The only-less-numerous body of Americans who 
have made but partial acquaintance with their own country, 
and who need intelligent guidance in the selection and 
traversing of the most attractive routes. 

After the publication of four editions, in 1872, 1873 and 
1874, meeting with very flattering success and approval, and 
earning the reputation of supplying the most compact and 
intelligible ofaU American guides, — the fifth edition, for 1875, 
is now offered, with all the old popular features retained, and 
some new ones of peculiar importance added. 

It is especially desired to call attention to the " Special 
Virginian Tour," altogether unique as well as new, and the 
result of travel through that section in 1873 ; to the new 



ADVEBTI8EMENT. 

Tour to Florida; to the material enlargements in descrip- 
tions of New York and Philadelphia, with the valuable 
illustrated paper on the Centennial connected with the latter ; 
to the directions for Watkins Glen, and many alterations and 
corrections in railway and other routes; to the " OfF-Route 
and Minor Index," valuable for finding places not on regular 
routes; to the very complete California Route and Tables; 
and to the Gkeat American Round Toue, in the succes- 
sion following: New York to Philadelphia, Harrisburg, 
Altoona, Pittsburg, Columbus, Cincinnati, Indianapolis and 
St. Louis (see Route 13) ; St. Louis to Chicago (see Route 14) ; 
Chicago to Omaha, Ogden, Salt Lake City, San Francisco. 
Lake Tahoe, the Big Trees, Yosemite Valley, &c. (see Route 
21) ; return to Chicago, with option of visit to St. Paul, &c. ; 
Chicago to Detroit, the Western Canadian towns, and 
Niagara Falls (reverse Route 17) ; Niagara Falls to Hamilton, 
Toronto, Prescott, Ottawa, Montreal, Quebec and the Sague- 
may River (see Route 19); Quebec to Portland (Me.), the 
White Mountains, Boston and other New England cities 
(see Routes 5 and 6). and thus return to New York; or, 
Portland, the White Mountains, Lake Champlain, Lake 
George, Saratoga, Catskill Mountains, and return to New 
York by the Hudson River (see Routes 1 and 3, reversed). 
Such a circuit literally embraces the most charming features 
of American travel, at a season when the Southern routes 
are unadvisable; and the tourist who can afford time and 
money to make it in that succession, will wisely improve his 
opportunities. 

With especial reference to the Centennial, and to facilitate 
intelligent travel throughout America, the price of the 
"Short-Trip Guide" is now reduced to $1, making it even 
more than before the cheapest general guide ever published. 

New Yoke and Loniwn, 
May, 1875. 



The Short-Trip Guide to Amefica, 



COST AND TIME OF SHORT AMERICAN TRIPS. 

Several important questions are involved, with 
Europeans, and especially with Englishmen, in the 
calculations preceding a trip to America: so that 
Wheihe?' to go ? precedes the corresponding queries, 
Ho'W to go ? and Whe7'e to go f The distance is 
known to be great, between the Old and New 
Worlds, though it is really only about one-eighth of 
that around the globe. 

With many men Time is the great object, and 
the want of it the great hindrance; though they 
may annually spend quite as much of it as would 
be necesjary for a Summer tour across the Atlantic, 
in lingering about home watering-places and sea- 
shore resorts, re-visitmg the of(en-seen Lake Coun- 
try, the Welsh, Irish and Scottish Mountains, etc., 
or repeating old experiences on the Rhine, among 
the Swiss Alps or the Pyrenees. This, too, at a time 
when the great Continent of the West has been made 
so much more broadly accessible, and so much more 
closely linked to that of Europe, by the Pacific Rail- 
road, the Atlantic Cable, and other enterprises— 
when the late great civil war in the United States 



8 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE 

has necessarily left many fields worth visiting and 
relics worth gathering — and when steam-transit 
between the two Contineuts has become so rapid 
and reliable that the ocean-passage is little more 
than that of a ferry. This false idea of Time is, as 
already said, the bugbear which hinders many of 
those who have comparatively liberal means and a 
fair proportion of leisure; but with a far greater 
number of those who love Nature in her varying 
moods and wide diflTerences, and who desire to see 
the diflFerent peoples of the world, at Jiome, — Money 
is the anxiety, the want of it the hindrance, and the 
belief that a mint is necessary for anything in the 
shap-^ of transatlantic travel, the great bugbear which 
confines them to one continent. 

A large proportion of this is a mistake, originally 
induced by want of intelligent inquiry, and material- 
ly added to by the exaggerations, not to call them 
falsehoods, of some of those who have been over the 
desired routes. "While "going to America" was 
principally confined to the wealthy few or those 
driven by business demands, it was at once an easy 
and a tempting thing to do, to add to the supposed 
importance of what had been done, by overstating 
the cost as well as enlarging on the personal adven- 
ture and peril ; and, truth to s ly, the habit has not yet 
quite died out, now, when the many follow in the track 
of the few and detection is so much easier. Many a 
man, of quite the average integrity, but who supplies 
(as be bf^heveg) the center at home of an admiring 



COST AND TIME OF TRIPS. 9 

Circle, not many members of which are likely to fol- 
low him abroad — cannot resist the temptation to 
show, when he returns, that he has been doing, in 
the way of cost, what they had better not attempt if 
they do not wish to fail miserably ; and it is just 
possible that there have been members of the oppo- 
site sex, guilty of adding to the misunderstanding 
by corresponding exaggerations of their own eleva- 
tion above the untraveled and, consequently, the 
easily-deceived. 

Travelers tell " travelers' stories," in a pecuniary 
as well as an adventurous point of view : that is the 
truth, briefly stated ; and those stories frighten away 
many who would else enlarge their knowledge of 
life by seeing other continents than their own. 

Now it is the fact that 'the European can spend 
much money in America, within a very brief period 
and without going over any wonderful space, if he 
will ; just as in travels on the Continent, years ago, 
the average Englishman spent twice as much, under 
the same circumstances, as the man of any other 
nation, creating in different minds the impression 
of his being a "prince" and a "fool" — until the 
American became first his rival and then his ad- 
mitted superior, in the detail of lavish and tasteless 
expenditure, and the Englishman who made any 
pretensions to common sense, taking a lesson from 
the example, comparatively abandoned the field of 
extravagance. The lavish and the reckless may still 
^ pave their very way with gold, if they will — as evi- 



10 8H0ET-TEIP OUWE. 

denced by the fact that a certain well-known Eng- 
lishman, spending less than three months in the 
United States, drew upon his London bankers 
during his absence, for nearly £3,000: the expend- 
iture all the more notable, because the tourist, a 
markedly free liver and entertainer,- made no pur- 
chases of consequence for preservation, did not play, 
and never indulged in what are called the " costly 
vioes." Others have followed, in different approxi- 
mations, ranging between £300 and £800 the month 
of absence; though it is to the credit of the national 
wisdom, to say that these instances of what must be 
considered wasteful expenditure for any one not in 
possession of a princely patrimony or a great bank- 
ing-house, are somewhat rare. 

So much for. what may be spent in very brief 
tours, by those who can afford plenty of money, or 
think that they can do so : now for what may be 
saved, or rather for the question upon how little 
these brief tours may really be made, without dis- 
comfort or painful compromise of position. 

Even in the steerage, on some of the best-appoint- 
ed lines, passages may be made with much less dis- 
comfort than most stay-at-home people suppose ; and 
it is not at all certain that thousands of hardy ner- 
sons, limited in means, who spend the requisite 
amounts of time and money on very questionable 
home -amusements, approaching to vices, might not 
do well to tempt a little rugged life in the forward 
parts of the ships that carry over their wealthy 



COST AND TIME OF TRIPS. 11 

brothers in the saloon-cabins. For on the hestr 
lines the discomforts, inconveniences and unhealth- 
iness of steerage-passage have all been materially 
ameliorated within the past three or four years : the 
sleeping accommodations on many of them are en- 
durable if no more ; the food is almost always plen- 
tiful and generally excellent ; the amount of amuse- 
ment enjoyed is always greater than that attainable 
by the better-lodged people at the stern ; and the 
safety to person is necessarily the same except under 
circumstances of gross carelessness. 

Let us see, for the benefit of those very limited 
in means and still desirous to see a little fragment 
of the New World — what would be the absolute cost 
of doing what emigrants of both sexes and all coun- 
tries very often do for the sake of spending a few 
days with friends in the places of nativity. Say that 
six weeks' time is attainable, and let the cost of that 
six weeks be measured as carefully and yet as liber- 
ally as possible. 

Steerage passage to New York, £6 10s. — return,. 
£6 10s.; total, £13. Time not on board ship, about 
three weeks ; board, for that time, average of £1 15s. 
per week, £5 5s. Expenses of sight-seeing about 
New York, Boston and Philadelphia, with convey- 
ance to each, during that period, £5. Occasional 
necessary conveyance, the feet being principally 
trusted to, £8. Incidental expenses, liberally cal- 
culated, £4. Total, £32. £10 to £12 more would: 
enable the cheap tourist to visit Ningara Falls,. 



12 SHORT-TRIP QUIDE. 

greatest of American natural curiosities, and see at 
least one or two cities of the Queen's dominions in 
'Oanada. Grand total, with that included, je42 to 
£45, with a certainty that any economical person, 
in good health and temper, could come within the 
smaller sum named, and even reduce it, without 
other inconvenience than carefully adhering to the 
cheaper rates of conveyance corresponding to that of 
the ocean transit. 

How many comparatively-poor men are there with 
longing and hopeless desires after seeing other coun- 
tries than their own, who never make any calcula- 
tion or effort to such an end, and yet who could and 
would compass it if they fairly understood the com- 
parative trifle for which so much might be enjoyed ! 

One of the greatest of American travelers, Mr. 
Bayard Taylor, made his first European excursion 
under circumstances quite as illiberal as anything 
here indicated — " did" Great Britain and a very con- 
siderable portion of the Continent on foot, except 
with rare instances of riding, and remained not less 
than six or seven months, his whole expenditure 
being only about $500 (say £105), and the fortunate 
result of his travel that successful volume " Views- 
a-foot ; or, Europe Seen with Knapsack and Staff." 
And it is very doubtful whether in any portion of 
his later experience, in all descriptions of traveling 
" state," up to that of Secretary of Legation at St. 
Petersburg, he has ever enjoyed his wanderings bet- 
ter than when making: th;3.t first essay as a poor 



COST AND TIME OF TBIP8. 13 

boy. As a pleasant pendant to which, the writer 
recalls having met, not many months ago, in the 
streets of New York, an English workman from 
Sheffield, spending a little of his moderate surplus- 
earnings in seeing what he called " a tidy bit of the 
New World," and one of the most intelligent of 
travelers on many subjects of interest and enquiry 
— whose expenditure, as given by himself, would 
not reach within ten per cent, of the figures above 
given, while he was healthy, happy and entirely 
comfortable in what his saving expenditure allowed 
him to secure and enjoy. 

But the figures already given represent, of course, 
the minimum possibility of travel in any desirable 
part of America, compatible with even the decencies 
of life, without too many of its comforts ; and, it is, 
equally of course, with that class of people standing 
midway between the possible steerage-passenger and 
the traveler en prince, that we have next and princi- 
pally to do. The most important question of this 
paper is — What need he the expenses and the time 
consumed for a certain round, of a traveler going 
first-class and demanding all the comforts, and yet 
indisposed to waste money on costly luxuries f 

To answer that question, then, as intelligibly as 
may be consistent with brevity. 

For six to seven weeks' absence from home, visit- 
ing New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, 
Washington, one or two of the most noted water- 
ing-places, Niagara Falls, and one or two of the cities 
of Canada — only 



14 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Ticket to New York and return, £36 to £60— say 
an average of £-i8, for which all necessary comfort 
and quite ^ufEcient '• style" can be secured. Average 
board of the three weeks off-ship, £3 to £4 per week 
— ^ay £10 lOs. Traveling expenses, railway and 
carriage fares, etc. £30. Maps, pictures, curio- 
sities, etc., (not at all necessary, but inevitable), 
£10. Incidental expenses, for which no name can 
be given ; money to guides, beggars, stewards and 
servants ; money lost and wasted, with an occasional 
ifldulgenco in a luxury, not including costly wines 
or " society," gambling or other vices — £15. Total, 
£113 10s. £12 to £15 or possibly £18, may easily be 
saved from this, by a very careful person, leaving 
the expenditure about £100 ; and a person at all the 
reverse of careful may quite as easily add a corres- 
ponding sum, making the expenditure, with no 
gi-eater amount of travel or sight-seeing, £125 tc 
£130. 

For ten weeks' absence, an estimate of £50 addi- 
tional may safely be made, bringing the total outlav 
Tip to say £160 10s; and this will secure, in addition 
to the round already named, an extension of the 
tour through the White and Green Mountains of 
the north-east, with Saratoga, Lake George and 
Lake Wiunepisaukie ; or it will add the great Coal 
Eegions of Pennsylvania, Cincinnati, and other 
cities of Ohio, with Chicago and glimpses of the 
Mississippi and the Great Lakes. 

For three months' (thirteen or fourteen woekpj 



GOiST AND TIME OF TRIPS. 15 

absence, another £50 may be added, bringing the 
nmount up to say £200 or £210 ; and with this all 
the foregoing may be done, with the addition of the 
^' North- West," now found in the States bordering 
the Upper Missouri, with the Lake Superior region, 
and a much more extended visit to the cities of 
Canada, and the natural curiosities of the Domin- 
ion; or, it will enable the tourist (if the season 
should be a proper one for Southern travel) to go 
southward from Washington to Eichmond, Charles- 
ton, Savannah and New Orleans, with their inter- 
mediate towns and a general view of what is 
technicallv known in the United States as " the 
South." 

Four months will add to this £50 to £60 of ex- 
penditure, bringing up the outlay to £260 or £280, 
and permitting the pursuance of some of the routes 
named, more at leisure, as well as the addition of 
others of the watering-places, if the visit is paid in 
the proper season. And within the same time may 
even be managed a run over the Pacific Railroad, to 
Salt Lake City, San Francisco, and the great natural 
curiosities of Calilbrnia, with a view of the Pacific 
— though five months would be a more rational cal_ 
culatiou for the whole time of absence. With the 
California route added, the expenditure will be 
found materially increased from all the previous cal- 
culations — say £100 additional for that alone; the 
amount necessary for the four-to-five-months trip, 
with the Pacific excursion crowning it, being some- 



16 8H0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

where within the range from £360 to £380 or £400, 
and half of the continent travelled over in that time 
and at that cost 

At this point the phrase "short-trip" may be 
said to be exhausted; for only people of liberal 
means and abundant leisure are likely to go far 
beyond in any one visit, and to them these calcula- 
tions possess only limited interest; though even 
they may find a certain advantage in bestowing that 
slight amount of study on the subject, necessary to 
secure a proper knowledge of time to be spent aod 
money used to the best purpose. 



PREPARATIONS FOR THE TRIP TO AMERICA. 

The following paper, like some of the others to 
come after it, is especially intended for those who 
have never before crossed the Atlantic, and, conse- 
quently, some of the advice tendered in it may seem 
very primitive to those who have already taken 
their degree, however low a one, in the academy of 
traveling experience. The suggestion may prop- 
erly be added, however, that even some of those 
who have taken that degree may find themselves 
none the worse for reading over these hints, even if 
they do so to dissent from them. An apology may 
need to be made, too, for the direct and conversa- 
tional style adopted in this and some other papers : 
the aim of the writer is, in this regard, to come as 
near as possible to the words and manner that 
would be used in a personal conversation, with one 
of the parties doing much more than half of the 
talking. 

It may be proper, too, with reference to this paper 
and those succeeding, to say that the writer speaks 
almost entirely from personal experience — and that 
where that experience has failed, it has been eked 
out, not often through the means of books, but 
from the personal hints and relations of frequent 
and experienced travelers. For himself, the writer, 



18 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE 

in repeated aud extended travel on both continents, 
has made, first and last, nearly all the mistakes 
against which in the present instance he attempts 
to guard others, and felt the necessity for some in- 
struction like that which be now endeavors to im- 
part, on almost every point touched upon. So mucb 
said, the promise of the paper must be kept, in a 
brief but comprehensive list of rules connected with 
the preparation for transatlantic voyages, and es- 
pecially for those first voyages which moro or less 
imitate Columbus. 

1st. Decide whether you can afford time and 
money to go at all, taking into consideration the 
before-urged opportunities for economy. Also, de- 
cide whether, in going, you leave too much of anx- 
iety, personal or pecuniary, for fair enjoyment ; for 
there is an old adage about the absentee who '•' drags 
with each remove a lengthening chain," and there 
are not charms enough, even in the natural scenery 
and odd character-studies of the New World, tc 
make such a trip " pay," when the heart or the busi- 
ness-powers must be left at hom'e. So much decided, 
.and in the affirmative, then 

2ud. Having made up your mind, stick to the 
resolution. Arrange your time of going and make 
everything work to accommodate that, not leave 
that to accommodate itself to everything. Gen^T- 
ally, in this as in everything else in life, too long 
anticipation is not the healthiest or the most profit- 
able, and a voyage not canvassed over for live years 



PREPARATIONS, 19 

in advance is likely to yield more pleasui-e than one 
submitted to that length of speculation. Above all 
things never boast that you are gr^ing, when you 
have merely tliought of going and made no definite 
decision ; as unpleasant consequences may often re- 
sult, in the event of the projected voyage being 
abandoned, and the suspicion may sometimes creep 
into the minds of acquaintances, either that there 
was "bounce" in the original statement, or that 
some heart-failure at the last moment has induced 
the abandonment. 

3d. Having resolved upon time of going and 
probable duration of trip, and selected the line of 
steamers by which the outward voyage is to be 
made, do not permit the paltry folly of wishing to 
keep a certain number of pounds for a few days 
longer in pocket, to prevent the early taking of a 
passage. The best state-rooms of any favorite steam- 
ship are likely to be first taken up ; and even in the 
event of any unexpected hindrance occurring, there 
is rarely any difl&culty in disposing of a well-located 
berth, while most of the companies, at any time be- 
fore the " eleventh hour," will transfer the passen- 
ger from one steamer to a later one, if a change of 
time is all the deviation from the original plan 
rendered necessary. 

4th. If suddenly-occurring events happen to 
have changed the calculation in the other direction, 
and the plan of going is formed almost at the very 
moment when some favorite steamer is about to 



30 SHORT-TRIP GJILDR 

sail, never heed the stories so likely to he told, that 
" the steamer is full and you cannot get a place ! " 
There is nearly always room for " one passenger 
more," as there is in most land-conveyances; and 
if the worst comes to the worst, it is a very rare case 
when some of the officers of the ship cannot be 
found ready to give up a room for the run, at the 
inducement of no-very-large addition to the price of 
the passage-ticket. These are suggestions for ex- 
treme cases, however : as before said, passage had 
much better be taken early, whenever possible, for 
reasons already stated or about to be. 

5th. In selecting berths, when a good opportu- 
nity for choice remains, always aim to get as near 
as possible to the midships of the vessel — a consid- 
eration of not much consequence to old voyagers 
with strong nerves, but of great importance to 
landsmen, as every foot of distance from the waist 
increases the amount of motion in a heavy sea ; and 
not only is the danger of sea-sickness less amid- 
ships, but the chances of having sleep broken by 
the " pitch " of a " head " or " following " sea are 
proportionably decreased when so located. The 
same principle applies, in a less degree, to the" 
question of outside or inside rooms (those inside or 
outside of the alleyways). There is much less effect 
from the " roll," in a " beam " sea, for those occupy- 
ing inner berths; but there is always much less 
light for reading or any other purpose, and the one 
advantage will probabJv balance the other, excep*^- 



tEEPAMATIONS, 91 

in winter passages, when the inner rooms ai*e alto- 
gether preferable. 

6th. N"o guide-book, nntil very lately, ever con- 
tained a hint of the advice to be embodied in this 
paragraph ; and yet there is no word of counsel, of 
the whole, more important. Unless that miserable 
being, a " man of letters,'' and thus compelled to be 
always reading — ^there are few intending voyagers, 
male or female, who will not be the better for a lit- 
tle "reading up" as to any country about to be 
visited. A fresh glance at the atlas, to see how the 
different sections lie and the relation which they 
bear to each other, is almost indispensable, even to 
some of us who flatter ourselves (before we think 
the second time) that we learned our geography in 
early life, and have kept pretty well up with it ever 
since. This rule, as already hinted, applies to travel 
and to travelers in all countries, but to no other 
geographical division of the earth's surface with the 
same force as to the l!few World, and especially to 
that covered by the great Kepublic of the West 
where change seems the rule, and where the altera- 
tions of boundaries and names, within the past few 
years, have been almost as startHug as those effected 
in political status and society. Upon the relative 
positions of different States, the names of their' 
capitals and chief cities, their rivers and natural 
wonders, and even their commercial and industrial 
features, it is exceedingly profitable to be as well as 
possible freshened in advaJice ; and the same remark 



2S> SHORT-TRIP OUIBE. 

obviously applies with equal force to the main facts 
of history and the more important points in estab- 
lished or current literature. And to the latter sug- 
gestion a few words of particulars may be added. 
Exactly as a man from the New World would find 
xauvo than half his possible pleasure lacking, visit- 
ing Great Britain without possessing any compre- 
hensive knowledge of Shakspeare, Scott, Burns, 
Thackeray, Moore, Tennyson, etc., or France with 
no acq-aintance with Eousseau, Voltaire, Lamartine, 
Berauger, Victor IIu.!0. Dumas, etc. — so the visitor 
from the Old World to the New mast be lacking in 
many of the opportunities for observation, social 
life and popularity, who fails to know something of 
Cooper, Irving, Hawthorne, Longfellow, Whittiet 
Bret llarte, Mark Twain, and (especially for New 
England travel) Holmes, Emerson and Lowell. 

7th. Another " rubbing up " is advisable though 
not absolutely indispensable. Thousands of ques- 
tions about native land, its physical appearance, 
wealth, working of government, industrial aspects, 
etc., are constantly asked of all persons on their 
travels, supposed to be of the average intelligence, 
by foreigners whom they chance to meet ; and it is 
decidedly pleasant as well as proper, not to be three 
• or four thousand miles from home, unable to answer 
the simplest questions with reference to things oc- 
curring at our own doors. The more we know about 
our own land, the more intelligent and agreeable 
travelers we shall make ; and, in this connection. 



PBEPAliATIONS. 33 

8th. Throw overboard two false impressions, to- 
gether, before leaving Europe. Overboard with the 
idea, at once, that the land you are leaving is better 
than all others in every regard, so that nothing can 
be learned abroad: and with it give the go-by to 
the alternative impression that you have notliing^ 
worth asserting and even boasting about, and that 
what you are to learn abroad will stand in place of 
.the previous experience and pride of a life. Each 
of the leading European comitries possesses, at this 
day, many things uii equaled by the rest of the world 
and matters of legitimate pride to her citizens ; but 
she is almost equally sure to have errors and defi- 
ciencies which may well be corrected by observa- 
tions among other, if not necessarily wiser, people. 
Every tourist going abroad should carry with him 
all practical knowledge of his own land, and all 
well-founded pride in it; and, at the .^ame time, he 
should travel with eyes and ears open and power to 
divest himself of ridiculous national vain-glory pre- 
judicially shutting away all beyond. 

And now to a few minor particulars belonging to 
the very eve of starting, ancl still important enough 
to deserve place and number : 

9th. Start with a confident expectation of return- 
ing, and yet leave property-interests disposed of as 
if no return was likely to be made. There is really 
less danger, in a given number of days, in going 
over-sea than in most railway-travel; but absences 
thus involved are necessarily much longer and de- 



94 SHORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

maud additional forethought in at least one or two 
particulars. "No man dies the sooner for makiug 
his will," they say; and certainly no man traveln 
less comfortably for leaving affairs at home iu such 
a shape, that, if he does not return, his absence will 
cause the least possible inconvenience to those left 
behind. And, in this connection, again, 

10th. There is nothing wiser for the departing 
" family-man," whatever the status of those depend- 
ent upon him, than an investment in a moderate 
life-assu7'ance, with an additional assurance against 
accident. Nothing of an earthly character (the re- 
ligious questions will naturally suggest themselves) 
adds more comfort in a storm at sea, or danger in 
some distant land, than the reflection that there 
would be, at least, one benefit from the risk ter- 
minating unfavorably : the dear ones at home would 
be pecuniarily the gainers ly it. 

11th. Arrange baggage compactly, and not too 
extensively. For each person (male — the ladies 
will make rules for themselves, applying what hints 
may chance to suit tl^em) — one stout leather or 
wood-and-leather trunk of 30 to 36 inches by 16 to 
20 inches, and one convenient valise for carrying in 
the hand, are always sufficient, for anything less 
than carrying over the whole personal effects with 
a view to residence. The trunk for deposit in the 
great cities, in the event of expecting to return 
along the same line — if not, unavoidably to be car- 
ried along. The valise for short excursions from 



PBEPABATIONS. 25 

those great centers having this advantage — that it 
can be carried in the railway-carriage or cab, while 
the trunk must be looked after, with trouble and 
expense. Both trunk and valise should be plainly 
marked with name and residence — initials not al- 
ways enough for either safety or convenience. If 
the trunk is small enough for the sea-voyage to find 
place in the state room, all the better; if not, care 
must be taken that, before it goes into the hold, all 
articles are taken out from it that will be needed 
before landing on the other side. The valise will 
always find place in the state-room, of course. And 
this brings 

12th. The important question of Clothing, with 
reference to which a few general suggestions may 
be found valuable. The point of view here taken is 
especially for the male sex, but the female will find 
it easily varied to their requirements. For crossing 
the North Atlantic, to return in two or three months, 
the first requirement is a suit of thick clothes, so old 
and valueless that one can lounge upon the deck in 
them, with no fear of damage. (Dandyism is at a 
discount at sea — a lesson quickly and surely learn- 
ed). Clothing thick, because sea air is nearly always 
damp, and generally cold. Then as thick an over- 
coat and gloves as can well be procured, the use of 
which will become patent, either ofi" the Irish coast 
or among the fogs and possible icebergs of the 
Banks of Newfoundland. A thick blanket, rug, or 
heavy robe, to make lounging upon deck the easier 



26 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and warmer. For summer travel in the Northern, 
Middle and Western States, or Canada, a neat travel- 
ing-suit of Melton, with one of flannel for proceed- 
ing further southward, and for very hot weather in 
even the States named. A summer-overcoat or 
wrap of waterproof Melton or aqtia-scutum — not so 
regularly or often needed as in the British Islands, 
but indispensable. Heavy-wool under-clothing for 
sea-use, with courage enough to double it if neces- 
sary; for American hot weather, on land, lighter 
under-clothing of merino, silk, or zephyr. A dress 
suit, if entrance into "society" is intended, or if 
there is plenty of room in the trunks; as clothing 
is somewhat high in America, while exceptionally 
tasteful and well made — though, candidly, in hurried 
trips of this character, the traveling-suit is seldom 
shaken off. Figured or colored-wool overshirts, with 
high throat, collar and wrist-bands, for time at sea, or 
for any temporary " camping-out" or " roughing-it" 
among woods or mountains. Plenty of linen and 
white goods, to avoid being at the mercy of the 
washerwoman at times of sudden transit, and be- 
cause all these, as well as all hosiery and under- 
clothing, cost more in the United States than in 
England. Stout-soled shoes — of calf, best. Low- 
crowned tourist-hat, of felt (dress-hat to be bought, 
if necessary) ; umbrella, of late years almost as in- 
dispensable on the western side of the Atlantic 
as the eastern ; a good opera-glass, necest;ai7 for 
catchins: views rapidly and correctly, both by sea 



PBEPABATI0N8. 2T 

and land, and more convenient if not too large for 
the pocket and not necessitating the prononcc strap. 

13th. Make such arrangements, if possible, that a 
little longer absence than that contemplated will not 
work serious business or other inconvenience, as the 
best calculator cannot always be quite sure of non- 
detention through some influence or action beyond 
himself. 

14th. Arrange (as before suggested) to take a lit- 
tle more money abroad than is supposed to be neces-r 
sary for either time or distance ; but 

15th. Carry in actual money, (English gold, or 
Bank of England notes, with a trifle of silver)' only 
so much as will pay expenses on ship-board and last 
during the few days that may happen to elapse be- 
fore reaching the point at which the first draft is 
made payable. All beyond this should be taken 
either in bills-of-exchange on bankers in one or 
more of the more important cities to be visited, or 
in circular letters-of-credit to corresponding houses 
in those cities. It is scarcely necessary to say that 
only the very first class of banking-houses, at home, 
should be dealt with, in procuring exchange or let- 
ters-of-credit, if the painful possibility of finding- 
oneself abroad without funds, is to be avoided. 

16th. Take some letters of introduction, when 
tendered, and to the right persons ; but depend very 
little upon them, except in some business point of 
view. The fact is that, without any discourtesy to> 
givers being intended, letters of introduction go for 



2a SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

less ill America and secure less consideration addi- 
tional to the deportment and standing of the bearer, 
than in any other part of the civilized globe : and 
they should be understood and rated accordingly. 
Added to which may be set down that in no other 
country is the best society of any given region so ac- 
cessible, the letter of introduction being thus render- 
ed little else than commercial or useless. 

17th. Avoid attempting to carry over, among bag- 
gage, anything that can be construed as beyond ne- 
cessary personal use, as the American administration 
of the customs, of late years, is stringent to oppres- 
siveness, and a misunderstanding on that point may 
be more easily avoided than removed. (Articles 
most watched for and guarded against are clothing, 
[new and in undue quantity,] silks, linens, laces, 
watches, jewelry and precious stones). 

18th. Create as little impression as possible, on the 
verge of departure, of feeling that some event, mov- 
ing half the world, is taking place in your first leaving 
your native land. A sea- voyage, now, no further 
than America, is about equivalent to a trip from 
London to Edinburgh or Dundee, fifteen years ago 
— and not much more than was the transit across 
the channel to France, at the distance back of thirty 
or fifty years ; and the observing world is generally 
coming to regard it in that light. 

19th. and last. If possible, go on board before the 
last moment of sailing, and have any heavy luggage 
on board even earlier. Also, if possible, make any 



PREPARATIONS. 29 

extended tender farewells earlier and elsewhere tLau 
on the crowded deck of a steamer, at the last mo- 
ment, when everybody is in the way of everybody 
else, when the oflficers uaturally wish to throw over- 
board all the whiners, and when there is a probabil- 
ity of the grief of departure being added to by the 
worry of having wife, sister, child or friend tumbled 
into the river at the landing-stage or dropped over 
between tender and steamer as the two separate. 



WHAT TO DO AND AVOID ON SHIPBOARD. 

The advice in this paper, too, will be set down di- 
dactically, and much of it will be considered as very 
elementarv by those who have once or oftener cross- 
ed the Atlantic. In the meantime, not even to some 
of them will the maxims be found unprofitable, if 
attended to — ^judging by the very large number of 
habitual travelers who seem to happen upon the 
very conditions of discomfort and imprudence, as if 
seeking them. 

1st. Perhaps the firsi condition of comfort in a 
sea-voyage, is to avoid making up the mind as to 
any positive time at which the voyage must be con- 
cluded. To look across the three thousand miles of 
the Atlantic, and think over the days' necessary to 
travel it, even on the swiftest vessel, is rather dis- 
couraging than the reverse, to people of rapid 
thought and active habit ; but by simply avoiding 
any definite calculation and considering the ship 
and her officers and crew as doing their " day's 
work," the amount of impatience may be very con- 
siderably reduced. Creeping ahead a little every 
day, the whole voyage will soon be accomplished : 
that is enough to know and enough to feel, no mat- 
ter what anxieties may be at the end. 

2d. Perhaps the next desideratum is to avoid any 



ON SHIPBOARD. 31 

considerable anxiety as to the voyage being a pros- 
perous one, by first remembering that more than an 
hundred runs are made without a single accident, 
and more than five hundred without the total loss 
of a vessel — and then falling back upon that pleas- 
ant recollection that you have not the aflair in 
charge, any way — that (Providence over all, and al- 
ways to be remembered, of course,) the officers and 
crew of the ship have their duty to do and are very 
likely to do it, for the sake of their own lives and 
the property committed to their skill. It may be 
straining a point, perhaps, but there is really some 
philosophy in getting into the state of mind of 
the droll fellow who demonstrated to one of the 
"anxious," in a storm at sea, that, having paid their 
passage, and the company having consequently con- 
tracted to take them across, the question of the 
ship's foundering was really something with which 
they (the passengers) had nothing to do ! This may 
not have much reassured the frightened man, but it 
certainly silenced him; and there no doubt was 
more than a grain of earnest in the old traveler's 
philosophy of reme'nihering that he did not steer the 
ship, as there was undoubtedly comfortable indo- 
lence in it. 

3d. It is wise not to expect too much on ship- 
board, either in the way of luxury, or even of positive 
comfort. Ships, at the largest, are small as com- 
pared with hotels, and at the steadiest are " shaky," 
as compared to private dwellings, except when the 



32 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

latter have the rarity of earthquakes to throw them 
off the perpendicular. Plenty of good food, respect- 
able though confined sleeping-quarters, and attend- 
ance fair, but by no means that of a first-class hotel 
— these are all that ought to be expected ; and a very 
little philosophy makes them enough. It has before 
been said that " dandyism is at a discount, at sea ;" 
so is, or ought to be, finichiness. What if neither 
shaving, nor dressing, nor any of the other offices of 
civilized life, can be done quite as well as at home ? 
Nobody notices whether they are scrupulously per- 
formed, or not; and some of the neatest of men 
when on shore, when they have become old travel- 
ers, consent to be slovenly for those few days with- 
out serious suffering. The golden rule, on going to 
sea, is : Expect very little, and he prepared to hear 
good-humoredly with it; then, if "all the modern 
conveniences" should happen to prevent themselves, 
as is not at all likely, they will afford double en- 
joyment, and the want of them will not entail 
misery. 

4th. Determine to be as jolly as health will allow, 
and as companionable as is at all consistent with the 
temperament. Join in all practical harmless amuse- 
ments and exercises, with the result of making your 
own days less tedious, and producing the same 
effect on those of others. One jolly fellow, some- 
times, seems to leaven up a whole ship-load ; one or 
two glum faces act like a wet-blanket on all con- 
cerned. There is a comradery in sea-goisg, scarcely 



ON SHIPBOARD. ZZ 

second to that of the army; and some of the pleas- 
antest friendships of years originate on the deck 
filled with comparative strangers. Quoits, shovel- 
board, chess, draughts, backgammon, social games 
at cards, all these supply amusement to those who 
will take part in them ; and there is room for any 
amount of table sociability at meals, not marred but 
rather increased by the little accidents to which 
breakfasting or dining in rough weather is certainly 
subject. 

5th. Make friends, early, with the captain and 
other officers of the ship, so far as they will permit ,' 
but take no liberties with them, and carefully avoid 
compromising any one of them who may have shown 
any peculiar favor, by speaking of it to others of the 
ship's company or passengers. Strictly observe those 
cardinal rules which forbid going upon the bridge, 
talking with the officers when on duty, or distract- 
ing the attention of the quarter-masters at the 
wheel. Avoid getting in the way of the officers at 
the compass, or hindering them when engaged in 
that most important event of the day — "■ taking an 
observation." Obey them, quietly and respectfully, 
when they give a direction calculated to secure your 
safety or prevent accident — even if the reason of the 
order should not be fully evident to a landsman. 
Don't inquire any oftener than is unavoidable, where 
the ship is at any particular moment, what a certain 
movement on deck means, what kind of weather it 
is going to be during the next twenty-four hours ; 



34 SHOUT-TRIP GUIDE. 

:md don't ask the men, when they are heaving the 
log, how many miles an hour the ship is going, or 
don't expect them to tell the truth if you do ! Don't 
get in the way when hawsers are being overhauled 
or yards braced ; and don't wonder if, getting in the 
way when some evolution of hauling the ropes is 
going on, you occasionally trip and so learn what 
times and places are dangerous. Don't attempt to 
*' help," at any time, except in the rare event of an 
accident ; and thus " keeping out of the way," with- 
out losing any chance of observation and enjoyment, 
secure the friendship of the officers, the respect of 
the crew, and the gratitude of all concerned. 

6th. Make friends with the stewards, at once, not 
only by treating them respectfully, but by speaking 
to the two in charge of your j^articular table and 
state-room — requesting their attention and prom- 
ising them the due douceiir at the end of the voy- 
age. Half a sovereign each to the saloon and lower- 
saloon stewards, and say a crown to the "boots," 
with half-a-crown for beer to the captain of the 
watch who first " chalks" you when ' you break the 
rules of the ship by going forward, and perhaps half 
a dozen shillings to persons who do errands for you 
during the run — this, reaching not much more than 
thirty shillings altogether, is quite sufficient to 
grease the wheels of service and make welcome then 
and afterwards. 

7th. Avoid attempting to read much, at sea, 
however interest may tempt in that direction. There 



Oir SHIPBOARD. 35 

is a motion and jur of the vessel, making the letters 
swim and damaging head and optic-nerves to a de- 
gree needing days for recovery. Some persons can 
read steadily, almost without injury; others cannot: 
it is never best to try the experiment when it can be 
avoided. And there is rarely much oecasioti : it is a 
poor passage-list in which more amusement cannot 
he f >und than in books, for the short period con- 
sumed in crossing the Atlantic. 

8tb. Keep on deck, all that is possible. Half the 
charm of going to sea lies in the pure, fresh air, 
except in very stormy weather. The air of lower- 
cabins and state-rooms is necessarily more or less 
confined, and consequently unhealthy ; while the 
healthiest atmosphere in the world comes fresh to 
the lungs from blue water. There is far less danger 
of sea-sickness, too, on deck than below, when actual 
illness does not enforce confinement to the berth ; 
and the thousand sights and sounds of sea-life — 
sunrises, sunsets, moonlight, storm-waves, whales, 
porpoise-shoals, passing vessels, observations, log and 
lead heaving, making and taking in sail, signalling, 
etc., are only to be enjoyed by those who keep the 
deck as persistently as possible. And this is even ad- 
ditionally true at times of leaving or making land ; 
approaching port, etc., opportunities for remark and 
study, lost during which periods, may be and prob- 
ably will be lost forever. 

9th. Dress warmly — quite as warmly as comfort 
demands, and err on the safe side if at all. Sea-air, 



36 SHORT-TRIP OUIDE. 

though healthy, is damp and dece]»rive as to tfinper- 
atiire. Never mind the appearance : put on thie 
clothes. 

10th. Take much exercise. Want ol occupation 
induces long sitting at table and hearty eating ; and 
the system must be a strong one which can endure 
this for days, without exercise, and yet suffer no in- 
jury. When there is not too much sea to make it 
possible, at least a mile or two should be walked 
every morning and a corresponding space in the af- 
ternoon — the long cleared decks, or ttie alleyways, of 
most of the best steamers, rendering this amusement 
of exercise easy and convenient. 

11th. Aid the direction last named, by eating 
moderately as usual habits will allow — either by 
abridging the quantity of each meal, or by avoiding 
some of the number. Four meals per day are usually 
provided — breakfast, lunch, dinner and tea : very 
often, and especially when tliere is any tendency to 
inactivity of the system, and fever, two of the four 
may be profitably omitted. 

12th. Put confidence in the ship : believe, for the 
time being, that the ship is the best afloat. If you 
go down into the fire-room (which, by the way, is 
quite as well kept out of), don't fall into the fancy 
that so large a mass of fire in the midst of a vessel 
must inevitably burn her : vessels are especially con- 
structed to guard against that danger, and iron does 
not take fire easily. Don't be alarmed at the noises 
continually coming from the fir.- -room, or think that 



OM SHIPBOARD. ;i7 

some calamity has happened there : firemen are nor- 
mally noisy as well as grimy, and they need to 
speak loudly to make themselves heard. Don't 
fancy, in short, that everything will go wrong unless 
you attend to it, except in one particular ; and that 

is, 

13th. Join the fire-police of the ship, and stick to 
the organization. Take no combustible materials 
below in your baggage — neither matches or danger- 
ous chemicals; take no light of any kind below the 
decks, for better reason than because there is a 
severe punishment for any proceeding of the kind — 
the all-powerful reason that such an act may destroy 
your own life and the lives of others. On this point, 
watch your own conduct and that of others, and no 
harm is likely to result from the close surveillance ; 
though any discovery made should always be com- 
municated quietly to some person in charge, and not 
shouted through the ship so as to create a panic 
among the passengers. 

14th. Never go forward when the ship is pitching 
into a hea-^y sea: there is always danger of injury, in 
such an experiment by a landsman, and very often of 
being swept overboard, at times when even sailors can 
scarcely keep footing on the wet and slippery decks. 
Never stand at or very near the taffrail (extreme 
stern) in corres]3ondiugly heavy weather, as there is 
always danger of the ship "jumping out from under 
you" — an accident which sometimes happens to ex- 
perienced seamen who stand unguardedly in that 



;us SHORT-TRIP OUIDE. 

dangerous position. Never climb upon the bul- 
warks, however calm the sea ; for there i"^ ]io know- 
ing at what moment there may be 07ie roll — enough 
to finish the individual voya<re very unpleasantly. 

loth. Never attempt to go up or down one of the 
companion-ways (stairs), or along one of the gang- 
ways, or the decks, when the sea is heavy, without 
making as much use of the hands as the feet — hold- 
ing on firmly to the nearest convenient rail. Broken 
ribs or limbs are sometimes the consequence of for- 
getfulness or bravado, on this point. 

16th. In the event of illness (other than sea-sick- 
ness), don't take nostrums, or trust to anything in 
your private " medicine-chest." There is always 
one surgeon, or more, on each ship ; they are paid 
for attending to the health of pasi*engers, without 
charge except for costly medicine ; they are partic- 
ularly familiar with the treatment prudent at sea ; 
and it is A^ery often the case that medicines upon 
which dependence can I'e placed when on the more 
stable element, prove injurious in the abnormal con- 
dition of never being entirely quiet. 

17th. If sea-sick, don't fancy the disease is a mor- 
tal one. Few people die of it, though many (it is to 
be feared) are rendered vastly uncomfortable. Keep 
the bravest heart and the strongest determination 
possible, against the great foe; and above all, do 
not join the noble army of those who ask to be mer- 
cifully " thrown overboard " as a means of escaping 
the torture. Nobody dares obey the request — not 



ON SHIPBOARD. 39 

even your worst enemy, who wishes that he could \ 
and if it should be obeyed, the chances are ten to 
one that before you had gone down ten fathoms in 
blue water the cry might be a different one. 

18th. Berths, in sea-going ships, are mostly sin- 
gle; and ye^t it is best, especially in heavy weather,, 
to have a hed-feUoio. This is easily found in the 
valise or well-filled carpet bag, which packed closely 
in against the side-board, the would-be sleeper lying 
on the side in the inner part of the berth, will gen- 
erally enable him to lie without rolling, even when 
the ship is doing her worst in that direction, and 
secure sleep when it would be otherwise impossible 
from the constantly- waking motion. An alternative 
arrangement of almost equal excellence in rough 
weather, though not always practicable — is to use a 
broad luggage-strap, fastened to any stanchion at 
the back of the berth and then buckled around the 
breast of the would-be sleeper. 

19tli — and more important than any of the pre- 
ceding. Remember, oftener than when the service 
is read on Sabbath morning, that there is a Hand, 
wiser and stronger than that of any officer of the 
ship, ruling not only the vessel, but the waves upon 
which she rides and the winds and other elements 
which may place her in peril. 



BELL-TIME AT SEA. 

Jt'ASSENGERS by any of the transatlantic steam- 
ers, or on any other extended route involving the 
continual change of longitude, should never risk in- 
juring their time pieces by setting them slower or 
faster, but quietly allow them to run down imme- 
diately after starting, and keep them in that condi- 
tion, though carrying them in the ordinary upright 
position, until the end of the voyage. They will be 
obliged, meanwhile, to depend upon the ship's bell, 
with occasional glimpses of the saloon-clock, for the 
requisite knowledge of the flight of time during 
each day, to prevent a mental vacuum on that sub- 
ject, and enable them to make proper preparation 
for meals. 

A little experience of the use of the bell, however, 
is necessary for putting this advice into ready prac- 
tice ; and the following brief table of "bell-time at 
sea" will be found worth an hour or two of study, to 
that end; one fnct being always borne in mind: 
that the farther eastward the faster the time, and, 
the farther westward, the slower ; so that a steamer 
of ordinary speed loses about half an hour per day 
of the running time with which she is charged, in 
going eastward, and gains a corresponding amount 
of time in going westward. 



_| 



BELL TIME AT SEA. 



41 



Commencing the day at sea, with the half-hour 
succeeding midnight, the following explanation of 
the "bells" (/. e., strokes of the hell) will be found 
easily understood and quite sufficient for practical 
use, if one aid to the memory is employed — the recol- 
lection that the odd numbers of strokes are always 
half-hours, that the even numbers are always hours^ 
and that those hours which can be divided by 4 are 
always represented by numbers which can also be di- 
vided l)y 4. 



1 bell >r o'clock, A.M. 

2 bells 1 



1 bell 



2 bells 5 



3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
1 bell 



2 be 

3 

4 

6 

6 

7 



1^' 

2 

2X 

3 

3>r 

4 

4^' 



lis 



5X 
6 

6>f 

7 

8 

9 

9^ 
10 
10>^ 
11 

11>^ 
12 



1 y: o'clock, p.m. 

Is 1 ' 

IX 



bell 



3 

sx 

4 

5 

5X 

6 

6X 

7 

7'/2 

8 

8X 

9 

91/2 
10 
10>^ 

11 

llx 

12 midnight. 



* From 4 p. m. to 8 p. m. instead of presenting an unbroken succeB- 
Bion of hells from 1 to 8, is divided into two "Dog Watches" — 4 to 6' 
(■' first dog-watch')' and 6 to 8 (" second dog-watch")— in order to pre-- 
•vent the larboard and starboard watches of sailors being on duty 
during the same hours, one day after another— as they would be if they- 
were continually and only changed once every four hours. 



NE\N YORK CITY, HARBOR AND SUBURBS. 

APPROACH AND HARBOR. 

Lakd is generally made, approaching the harbor 
of New York, from any vessel coming down the 
*' Great Circle," at some point on the Long Island 
coast, at starboard or right of the ship ; and the 
time may be anywhere from four to ten hours (in 
■clear weather) before crossing the bar at Sandy 
Hook, the entrance of the Lower Bay of New York. 
iA-fter first sighting, this land will keep in sight — 
low and uninteresting, the course of the vessel be- 
ing nearly parallel with the shore, and at a few 
miles distance. Pilots are taken on board from 
small schooners, at distances varying from a few 
miles from the coast to two or even three hundred — 
as disasters from want of pilotage off this port, 
many years ago, have induced much activity and 
competition, of late years. 

Two or three hours from Sandy Hook, for ships 
coming down the Long Island coast, and as a first 
sight I'or those crossing from the south, are made the 
Highlands of JSfavesink, fine bold headlands ap- 
projiching the sea, and forming one point of the 
eastern coast of New Jersey. These hills show to 
excellent advantage on a nearer approach, and are 
wery imposing when the Bar at Sandy Hook is be- 



IfEW YORK CITT. 43 

ing crossed ; two square-tower light-honses showing 
on tlie Highlands, behind the long, low point of 
wooded sand forming the Hook, on which are to be 
seen one light-house and two beacons, with a 
formidable line of Government fortifications in 
progress, near the outer or northern end, very near 
to which the ship necessarily passes the channel. 

Passing the Bar and running up the Lower Bay, 
the New Jersey Highlands continue ahead and to 
the left, sloping away toward Long Branch a few 
miles southward; on the right continues Long 
Island, with the still lower and sandier Coney Is- 
land adjoining it in front; still ahead and to the 
left rise the hills of Staten Island, with an opening 
between it and Long Island marking the Narrows, 
through which entrance is made from the Lower or 
Earitan Bay into the Upper or Bay of New York 
proper. 

At the left, four or five miles below the Narrows, 
is passed (if there is no occasion to make its nearer 
acquaintance) the Neio Yorh Quaimntine — ranges 
of low buildings on two artificial islands built 
within the last few years on a shoal known as the 
West Bank of Romer. Passing the Narrows, the 
fine fortification to the right, on Long Island, ia 
Fort Hamilton, with the ruins of the once cele- 
brated Fort Lafayette standing in the water at 
some distance below it — while to the left rises 
the corresponding bluff of Staten Island, crowned 
with a light-house and fortifications,- with a strong 



44 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

new structure, Fort Richmond^ standing below at 
near the water's edge. 

The view of New York Bay, after passing the Nar- 
rows, is considered one of the finest of its character 
in the world, and should never be lost by the trav- 
eler enjoying the opportunity for the first time. On 
the right, passing up, will be observed the Long 
Island shore, handsomely shaded, and dotted with 
the residences of well-to-do citizens or suburbans; 
and on the left Staten Island presents much higher 
ground, landings and thriving villages near the 
shore, and the sides of the hills in like manner 
well shaded and dotted with tasteful residences. 
Some six miles above the Narrows, at the immedi- 
ate right, the monuments of Grcemuood Cemetery 
may be seen covering and crowning one of the 
Long Island hills near the shore; still to the right, 
but ahead, the City of Brooklyn shows its many 
spires and wilderness of buildings; immediately 
ahead rises Governor's Island, with its round fort, 
Castle William, and its long ranges of barracks and 
officers'-quarters ; and as Governor's Island is 
passed, still directly ahead, the City of New York 
is seen, stretching right and left, from its lowest 
point at the Battery, up the East and North rivers 
(Long Island Sound and the Hudson), each line show- 
ing a perfect forest of the masts of shipping, and the 
marked deficiency of commanding spires partially re- 
lieved by the nearness and grace of that of Trinity 



JfEW YOBK CITY. 45 

Church; and the height of several of the new build- 
ings now overtopping the city, especially the 
Western Union Telegraph Building, New Post 
Office, Tribune Office, Evening Post Office, Equita- 
ble and Mutual Insurance Buildings, &c. 

From this point, which best reveals the splendor 
of New York Harbor, Brooklyn lies a little behind, 
at the right; Staten Island has fallen away to a 
much greater distance behind and at the left ; the 
Hudson Eiver stretches northward, immediately 
ahead, Long Island Sound branching away eastward 
at an acute augle; the other two islands of the 
harbor, so far unnamed, Bedloe^s and Ellis\ lie at 
some distance to the left; and behind them, to the 
left an ahead, on th e we st or New Jersey side of 
the river, may be prominently seen the towns of 
Jersey City and Hohoken, continual high lands 
rising up-river from the latter, along the Hudson, 
towards Fort Lee and the Palisades. 

It is also at this point that the traveler visiting 
the New World for the first time from the Old, will 
find one of the most marked of sensations in observ- 
ing not only the immense variety of shipping and 
the flags of all nations at the wharves and in the 
stream, but the many particulars in which the 
American river and ferry craft difier from those of 
any other nation — the prevailing color being white, 
and both strength and grace often sacrificed to 
speed and temporary convenience, 



46 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

NEW YORK CITY AND BROOKLYN. 

As will already luive been observed, the City of 
New York lies at the junction of the North or Hud- 
son River and Long Island Sound (familiarly called 
the East River), having thus the best of opportuni- 
ties for cleanliness and health, which are by no 
means always embraced with due diligence and 
faitlifulness — the city being always ineflfectually 
cleaned, in comparison with the cost to the people, 
and often disgracefully dirty. In effect, Brooklyn, 
immediately opposite on the southeast, and con- 
nected with it by half-a-dozen or more well-managed 
steam -ferries, is a part of the same city, though 
lying in another county, and bearing a different 
name ; while nearly the same may be said of both 
Jersey City and Hoboken, on the New Jersey shore, 
and reached in the same manner by ferry. 

Before proceeding to explore the city or suburbs, 
it should be noted that carriage-service in New 
York is very high and very bad; cab-service better 
and improving, though by no means up to the 
European standard — so that the first should be 
almost entirely avoided, and the latter much oftener 
foregone in favor of the public conveyances than 
they would be in any city of the Old World. The 
ferries should be used freely, not only for necessary 
crossings, but as an additional means of studying 
the topography of the harbor, and the excellence of 
the system. For most directions the street horse- 



WBW TOBK CITT. 47 

cars [see directions for those cars, diflferent lines, 
pp. 58 and 59, and following] run regularly and well, 
and are comfortable, except at morning and even- 
ing hours, bringing too great crowds; and, on 
Broadway, the omnibuses, from Fulton, Wall street 
and South ferries, uptown, are available and re- 
spectable. 

Of Streets, the best worth noting is Broadway, 
which should be driven, in open carriage if con- 
venient, from its commencement at the Battery 
(harbor-side) to its virtual termination at Union 
Square, many of the best commercial buildings be- 
ing thus seen, and a succession of splendid business 
erections observed, not equalled, perhaps, in any 
other city of either continent. Thence Fifth 
avenue sliould be taken, to the Central Park, a view 
being thus caught of the finest fashionable street in 
America, and one of the handsomest in the world, 
though very irregular in architecture. Much of the 
leading fashion of the city may be found gathered 
in the streets running out from Fifth avenue, from 
Fourteenth to Sixtieth street — notably on Twenty^ 
tliird, Thirty-fourth, Forty-second streets, &c. Th& 
Bowery may be noted as the people's or east-side 
Broadway. Greenwich street will be found filling a. 
somewhat similar position on the west side; Thirds 
Sixth and Eighth avenues may be taken as fair 
types of prosperous commonalty and bustle ; West 
street (Hudson Eiver side) will be found to supply 
a jam quite worthy of the Strand at its worst hours ; 



48 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and still further down town, Wall street, Broad and 
New streets command attention as the centres of the 
moneyed interest. In Beooklyn, the most notable 
streets are Montague and Clinton, for fashion ; Ful- 
to7i and Court streets, Atlantic and Myrtle avemies, 
&c., for business activity ; Third street, Union street, 
Fourth avenue, &c., as drives; Clinton, Washing- 
ton, Bedford, Grand and other avenues, for sub- 
urban beauty. 

Of Wharves, New York has never had any de- 
serving the name, though a fine water-front is now 
presented at the Batter}^, and arrangements are in 
progress to supply Avell-built docks along both rivers. 
Of Markets, the Washington, foot of Yesey street, 
Hudson Eiver side, and the Fulton, foot of Fulton 
street. East Eiver side, will be found among the 
best supplied in the world, though the buildings 
are very old and badly kept. Newer and better 
erections are the Metropolitan, foot of Thirty-fourth 
street, North River, and the Tompkins, Third ave- 
nue and Seventh street. Of Museums, the Metro- 
politan Museum of Art, Fourteenth street near 
Sixth avenue; one at Central Park; and a small 
but unique one (naval) at the Brooklyn Navy 
Yard. Of Libraries, the Astor, Lafayette Place; 
the Mercantile (fur merchants and clerks) ; the 
Society ; and one or two minor. Of Public Galle- 
ries, that of the Metropolitan Museum of Art (above 
named) ; the somewhat extensive ones of the pic- 
lure-dealers, Gotqnl (Knoedler, successor), Fifth 



NEM' TORE CITY. 49 

avenue, Schaus, Broadway, &c., with annual exhi- 
bitions of the Academy of Design (Twenty-third 
street and Fourth avenue) ; and the Private Galle- 
ries of Messrs. A. T. Stewart, John Taylor Johnson, 
W. T. Blodgett, Aspinwall and others, are very 
creditable, and sometimes exhibited to the public. 
Large collections of national and celebrity portraits 
are to be seen in the great photograph galleries 
of Kurtz, Fredricks, Rockioood, Bogardus, &c., 
Broadway, and many minor houses. Of Hos- 
pitals, only the inconvenient Bellevue, at Twenty- 
sixth street and East Eiver, since the cruel demoli- 
tion of the Neiu York, Broadway and Duane street; 
JSi. Luke's (a comparatively private benevolence) ; 
St. Vincent's; the Pfi?^X- (City Hall Park) ; and one 
or two minor ones of little consequence. 

Of Educational Institutions and the structures 
connected, the following are most notable : Colum- 
bia College (an institution of moderate age but 
reputation and usefulness, and with Law and Mining 
Schools attached), East Forty-ninth street; JVew 
York University (collegiate, but making no pre- 
tence to fill the European use of that word), "Wash- 
ington Square ; Neiu York College (formerly the 
New York Free Academy), Twenty-third street and 
Lexington avenue; College of Physicians and Sur- 
geons, East Twenty-third street and Fourth ave- 
nue-; University Medical College, Worth street; 
Rutgers Female College, Fifth avenue ; Union Theo- 
logical Seminary y University Place ; New York Law 



50 SHORT- TBIP GUIDE. 

Institute, Chambers street; Protestant Episcopal 
Tlieological Seminary ; new Normal College, &c., &c. 
In connection with educational facilities it should 
be added, that the Common Schools of the City of 
New York are the best in the world, in handsome 
and commodious buildings, free to all, numerously 
attended, and worth observation by any visitor. 

Of Monuments, New York has as follows: In 
Central Park, /S7m^5jt?e«re (statue), Sir Walter Scott, 
Hicmboldt, Schiller, &c. In Union Square, eques- 
trian statue of Washington, by Browne, and statue 
of Lincoln. In Madison Square, monument obelisk 
to Gen. Worth. In Trinity Churchyard, Martyrs^ 
Memorial (handsome Gothic structure in honor of 
revolutionary patriots who died on the prison- 
ships) ; monument to Captain Lawrence, ^vho fell 
on the Chesapeake; and horizontal slab over the 
remains of the heroine of the romance of the same 
name, Charlotte Temple. In St. Paul's Churchyard, 
shaft to Robert Emmett, the Irish patriot; monu- 
ment to Ge)i. Montgomery ; one (back of church) 
to George Frederich Cooke, the actor. In Printing' 
House Square, bronze statue of Franldin, presented 
to the Printers of New York by Capt Albert De 
Groot. 

Of Antiquities, the city may be said to have 
literally none, the hand of "improvement" having 
lately been very busy with the few remaining. The 
two most interesting old buildings existing, are the 
Old Walton House, Pearl street, most fashionable 



NEW YORK CITY. 51 

residence of the past century, now decayed; and 
the Washington Hotel, Broadway and Battery Place,, 
once the residence of Gen. Washington, of Sir Guy 
Carleton, &c. 

Of Churches, few command any attention architec- 
turally, though there is no deficiency as to number.. 
The two oldest are the North Dutch, Fulton and 
William streets, now about being demolished, and 
the 3fiddle Dtbtch, used as a ]orison by the British 
during the War of the Revolution, and late the city 
Post Office — ISTassau, Liberty and Cedar streets, 
St. PauVs, Broadway (where the pew of General 
Washington, when President, still remains), and 
St. John^s^ Varick street, best deserve present 
notice, from age and unpretending grace ; and 
Trinity, Broadway, as the most respectable finished 
Gothic erection on the Continent — though St. Pat- 
ricks Cathedral, Fifth avenue and Fiftieth street,. 
will eventually dwarf it and all others. Those re- 
maining, best repaying visits of curiosity, are St.- 
George's, Rutherford Place ; Grace Church, Broad- 
way; St. Paul's and All Souls, Fourth avenue; 
St. Thomas', Fifth avenue; Holg Trinity, Madison 
avenue; St. Marie's (old) Stuyvesant street; the 
Talernacle, Sixth avenue ; St. Stephen's, Twenty- 
eighth street; Dr. Chapin's, Fifth avenue. In 
Brookltk (named, from their numbers, the " City 
of Churches "), the most notable are the Holy Trinity 
?.nd St. Ann' s-on-the- Heights, both on Clinton 
Etre-t; Dr. Eddy's, Pierrepont street; Church of 



53 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the Pilgrims, Heury street; the Tabernacle, vScher- 
merhorn street; St. Charles Borromeo (Catholic), 
Sidney Place. 

Of Public Buildings, the most interesting, from 
one cause or another, will be found the City Hall, 
City Hall Park (with a collection of civic and heroic 
portraits of some interest, in the "Governor's 
Room"); the Neio Court House (unfinished, but 
with many handsome rooms) same place ; the City 
Prison (•'•'Tombs"), Centre street; the Custom 
House and S^ih- Treasury, Wall street; the Cooper 
Institute, junction of Third and Fourth avenues; 
'the Bihle House, opposite the preceding, above; the 
Academy of Music, Fourteenth street ; the Academy 
of Design and Christian Association buildings, 
Fourth avenue and Twenty-third street; Booths 
Theatre, Twenty- third street; the Grand Opera 
House, Eighth avenue ; Tammany Hall, Fourteenth 
street; the Central Police Station, Mulberry street; 
Hudson River Railroad Freight Depot, Hudson 
,«treet (with colossal bronze of much oddity and a 
certain merit, on the principal front, in honor of 
Cornelius Vanderbilt) ; new Grand Central Depot 
.of the Harlem, Hudson River and New Haven. Eail- 
roads, Fonrth avenne and Forty-second street; Post 
Office (just built), lower end of City Hall Park; 
Methodist Book Concern, Broadway and Eleventh 
street ; Masonic Hall (just built), Twenty-third 
street and Sixth avenue; Stock Exchange (new), 
Broad street; Produce ^a;cAaw_^e; Whitehall street, 



NEW YOEE CITY. 5» 

In Brooklyn, the Gity Hall and County Court 
House, Court and Fulton streets; Academy of 
Music, Montague street; Mercantile Library, and 
Art Association Building, same street; Aiheneuntf. 
Atlantic avenue, &c. 

New York has many Commercial Buildings of 
great cost and splendor — no other city in the world 
having more of what maybe designated as ''pal- 
aces," devoted to money or trade. The lead is taken 
among purely financial buildings, by the Park 
Bank, Broadway. No less than three structures 
devoted to Life Assurance command much atten- 
tion — those of the Equitable Society, at Broadway 
and Cedar street; of the Mutual Company, Broad- 
way and Liberty street ; and of the New York Com- 
pany, Broadway and Leonard street; while the- 
Western Union Telegraph building, Broadway anS: 
Dey street, the Drexel_ Banking House, Wall and 
Broad streets, the Bennett Building, Nassau, Ful- 
ton and Ann streets, and others command attention. 
The most prominent among what are known as 
the " business palaces," are those of A. T. Stewart, 
Broadway and Chambers street, and Broadway and 
Ninth street; of Lord S Taylor, Broadway and 
Twentieth street; of Arnold S Constable, Broad- 
way and Nineteenth street; of Tiffany, Union 
Square and Fifteenth street; of Ball <& Black, 
Broadway and Prince street; of the Wheeler c& 
Wilson Sewing Machine Company, Union Square; 
of the Waltham Watch Company, Bond street ; of 



54 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

Appletons, Broadway ; of Brooks Brothers, Broad- 
way and Bond street, &c. 

There are many Private Dwellings of great cost, 
splendor, and varying architectural taste, on Fifth 
avenue and the inore fashionable streets on Murray 
Hill; the first among them being the recently com- 
pleted palace of 3Ir. A. T. Stewart, at Fifth avenue 
and Thirty-fourth street, of which the details, with- 
out and Avithin, are of the most lavish magoificence, 
while the picture collection embraces Church's 
*' Niagara," Eosa Bouheur's " Horse Fair," Yvon's 
*' America," Dubufe's "Prodigal Son," &c. Those 
of Mr. George Opdyke, Fifth avenue and Forty- 
seventh street : Mr. William M. Tioeed,Yi{t\\ nyQWdQ 
and Forty-third street; Mr. Wm. H. Vaiiderhilt, 
Fifth avenue and Fortieth street; Messrs. Plielps^ 
Bodge & Phelps, Madison avenue, Thirty-sixth 
and Thirty-seventh streets ; Sig. Barreda, Madison 
avenue and Twenty-fifth street — all deserve atten- 
tion for costly elegance. Of Club Houses, the 
three most prominent are the Union, Fifth avenue ; 
the Union League, Madison avenue ; and the Man- 
hattan, Fifth avenue. 

Of Hotel Buildings (also Hotels), New York haa 
many of great size and fine architecture ; prominent 
among them being the Windsor, Fifth avenue and 
Forty-seventh street; Fifth Avenue, Fifth avenue, 
Broadway and Twenty-fourth street; Grand Cen- 
tral, Broadway opposite Bond street ; Brevoort, 
Fifth avenue near Washington Park; Astor House, 



NEW YORK CITY. 55 

Broadway and Barclay street; St. Nicholas, Broad- 
way and Spring street ; Metropolitan, Broadway 
and Prince street ; Westminster, Irving Place and 
Sixteenth street; Grand Hotel, Broadway and 
Thirtieth street; St. Cloud, Broadway and Forty- 
second street ; Gilsey, Broadway and Twenty-ninth 
street; Sturtevant, Broadway and Twenty-eighth 
street ; St. James, Broadway and Twenty-sixth 
street; Hoffman, Broadway and Twenty-fourth 
street ; . Coleinan, Broadway and Twenty-seventh 
street; Everett, Union Square; Clarendon, Fourth 
avenue ; Westmoreland, Union Square ; Neiu YorJc, 
Broadway and Fourth street ; Earless, Canal street ; 
Merchants'' (mercantile), Cortlandt street, &c. In 
Beookltn", the Pierrepont House, Montague street, 
and the Mansion House, Hicks street. Several 
Newspaper Offices of mark are to be noticed in 
New York, those of the Evening Post, Broadway 
and Fulton street ; the Trihune, Printing House 
Square ; the Herald, Broadway and Ann street ; 
the Times, and the Staats Zeitung, Printing House 
Square. 

The principal Theatres of New York City proper 
are Wallaces, Broadway and Thirteenth street ; the 
Olyfnpic, [Br osidw ay near Bleecker street; Nihld's, 
Broadway near Prince street; Booth'^s, Twenty- 
third street and Sixth avenue; the Grand Opera 
House, Eighth avenue and Twenty-third street; 
Daly's New Fifth Avenue, Twenty-eighth street, 
near Broadway; the Lyceum, Fourteenth street; 



56 8H0RT-TEIP GUIDE. 

Park, Broadway and Twenty- second street ; Wood's 
Museum, Broadway and Thirtieth street; Union 
Square Theatre, Union Square ; and the Bowery, 
on the street of that name. Opera Houses, the 
Academy of Music, Fourteenth street, and occa- 
sionally the Grand Opera House. Ethiopian Min- 
strel House, Bryant's Opera House, Twenty-third 
street. Brooklyn has several excellent places of 
amusement, ia the Academy of Music, Montague 
street; Brooklyn Tlieatrc, Washington street; 
Park Theatre^ Fulton street ; Hooley's Opera House, 
Court street; the Atheneum, Atlantic avenue, «&c. 

Most popular Churches (for service) Trinity, 
Broadway (Episcopalian) ; Grace, Broadway and 
Tenth street (Epis.) ; the Tabernacle, Sixth ave- 
nue and Thirty-fourth street (Cong.) ; Dr. Chapin's, 
Fifth avenue and Forty-fifth street (Univ.) ; St. 
TJiomas\ Fifth avenue (Epis.); Dr. Tyng's,'R\ii\\ex- 
ford Place (Epis.) ; Fifth Avenue, Fifth avenue and 
Nineteenth street (Pres.); St. Pa?«rs, Fourth ave- 
nue and Twenty-secoud street (Methodist Epis.); 
and in Beooklyn', Plymouth (Rev. Henry Ward 
Beecher's), Orange street (Cong.) ; St.-Ann's-on-the- 
Heights and the Holy Trinity (Epis.) both on Clin- 
ton street; First Baptist, IssLSsan street; Dr. Tal- 
mayes Tabernacle, Schermerhorn street. Present 
Catholic Cathedral, in New York, St. Patrick's, 
Mulberry and Houston streets; with other leading 
Catholic Churches, St. Stephen's, Twenty-eighth 
street near Third avenue (noted for fine music), 



iv^TF tob:^ City. sr 

and St. Francis Xavier'Si Sixteenth street, near 
Fifth avenue. 

Public Grounds — Central Parh, (see "Excur- 
sions," following) ; Washington, Madison and Union 
Squares, aud Battery and Gity Hall Parks, most of 
limited dimensions, but all assuming attractive 
shapes, and most of them being provided with 
music on certain evenings of the week, during the 
warm season ; and Jones' Wood, lying on the east- 
ern side of the Island, on the river, opposite the 
lower end of the Central Park, with fine woods in: 
and around, and famous as a place for great out- 
door gatherings, including the German and Irish. 
festivals and the Scottish annual games ; Jerome 
Park, Westchester (also see " Excursions ") ; and 
in Brooklyjt, Prospect Park (also see " Excur- 
sions"), Prospect Park Fair Grounds, Lefferts 
Park, &c. 

Principal Ferries: To Brooklyn, from foot Ful- 
ton street, foot Wall stre t, foot Catharine streel^ 
Peck Slip, foot Whitehall street; to Jersey Gity 
(and Cunard Docks, and Pennsylvania Eailroad), 
foot Cortlandt street and foot Desbrosses street; to 
Comnnunipaw (aud New Jersey Central Railroad), 
foot Liberty street ; to Hoboken (and Bremen and 
Hamburg steamers, and Morris and Essex Eail- 
road), foot Barclay street and foot Christopher 
street; to Pavonia (and passenger-depot of the 
Erie Railway), foot Chambers street and foot 
Twenty -third street; to Staten Island, foot White* 



58 anORT-TBIP QUIDE. 

hall street and foot Dey street ; to Hunter's Point 
(and Long Island Railroad), James Slip and foot 
Thirty-fourth street. 

Principal Street (Horse) Railroads: 

Second Avenue Line. — Cars leave Peck Slip (East River, 
near Fulton Ferry), run through South, Oliver, B- wery, 
Grand and Cliristie streets, and Second avenue to One 
Hundred and Twenty-eighth street, Harlem. Branch from 
Broadway at Worth street to Bowery, and thence same 
route. Third A'oenve Line. — Cars leave Broadway, opposite 
Astor House, run through Park Row, Chatham street. Bow- 
ery, Third avenue to One Hundred and Thirtieth sireet, 
Harlem. Fourth Avenue Line. — Cars leave Broadway, oppo- 
site Astor House, run through Park Row, Centre and 
Grand streets. Bowery and Fourth avenue to Forty-second 
street, (Grand Central Depot). Broadway Line. — Carslfave 
Broadway corner Barclay street, run through Barclay, 
Church and Greene streets, Clinton and University Places, 
Broadway and Seventh avenue to Fifty -ninth street (Central 
Park). Branch of this road, fn m Broadway at Broome 
street, through Broome street to Greene street, and as above. 
Sixth Avenue Line. — Cars leave Broadway, comer Vesey 
street, run through Vesey, Church and Chambers streets, 
West Broadway, Canal, Varick and Carmine streets, and 
Sixth avenue lo Fifty-ninth strec t (Central Park). Seventh 
Avenue Line. — Cars leave Broadway corner Park Place, 
run through Park Place, Churcb, Canal, Sullivan and Mac- 
dougal streets, Clinton place, Greenwich and Seventh ave- 
nues to Fifty-ninth street (Central Park). Eighth Avenue 
Line. — Cats leave Broadway, corner Vesey street, run 
through Vesey, Church and Chambers streets, West Broad- 
way, Canal and Hudson streets, and Eighth avenue to 
Fifty-ninth street (Central Park). Branch of this road, from 
Broadway at Canal street, through Canal to Hudson street, 
and as above, with continuation to Manbattarville. Ninth 
Avenue Line. — Cars leave Broadway, corner Fulton street, 
run through Fulton and Greenwich streets and Ninth ave- 
nue to Fifty-fourth street. Lexington Avenue Line. — Cars 
leave Broadway opposite Astor House, run through Park 
Row, Chatham street, Bowery, Third avenue. Thirty-fifth 



i 



NEW YORK CITY. 59 

street, Lexington avenue to Forty-second street and Fourth 
avenue (Grand Central Depot). Bteecker Street Line. — Cars 
leave Fulton ferry (East River), run through Fulton, William 
and Ann streets, Park Row, Centre, Leonard,E Im, Howard, 
Crosbjf, Bleecker, Macdougal, West Fourth, West Thir- 
teenth, Hudson, West Fourteenth streets and Tenth ave- 
nue to Twenty- third street. Belt Line. — (Eastern division): 
Cars leave South ferry (Battery), run throusch Front street, 
Old Slip, South, Montgomery, South, Corlaers, Grand, 
Goerck and East Houston streets. Avenue D, East Four- 
teenth street, Avenue A, East Twenty-third street, First 
avenue and East Fifcy-ninth street to Fifth avenue at Cen- 
tral Park. (Western division): Cars leave South ferry 
(Battery), rito. through Whitehall street and Battery Place, 
West street. Tenth avenue and West Fifty-ninth street to 
Fifth avenue at Central Park — the two forming perfect con- 
nection round the city. Dry Dock Line. — Cars leave Broad- 
way, opposite Astor House, run through Park Row, Chat- 
ham street, East Broadway, Grand and Columbia streets, 
Avenue D, East Eleventh street and Avenue B, to foot East 
Fourteenth street. Eant Broadway Line. — Cars leave Broad- 
way, corner Ann street, run through Park Row, Chatham 
street. East Broadway, Clinton street. Avenue B, East 
Fourteenth street, Avenue A, East Twenty-third street. First 
avenue to Twenty-third street ferry. Grand and Gortlandt 
Line. — Cars leave Jersey City ferry, foot Cortlandt street, run 
through Cortlandt, Greenwich, Beach, Lispenard and Canal 
streets, East Broadway and Grand street to Grand street 
ferry (East River). Grosstown Line. — Cars leave West 
Forty-second street at Tenth avenue, run through Tenth 
avenue, Thirty-fourth street, Broadway, Twenty-third street, 
Fourth avenue, Fourteenth street, and east-side minor 
streets to foot of Grand street, East River. Ghurch St. 
Line. — Cars leave Astor House, (Vesey street), run through 
New Church street, Battery Place and Whitehall street to 
South ferry. Elevated Railway. —(Steam) — Cars I'^ave station 
at the Bowling Green (extreme lower end of Broadway) 
every few minutes, tlirough or rather over Greenwich 
street and Ninth avenue, to West Twenty- third street, with 
projected extension to Central Park and Harlem River. 
There are several other and minor roads, cross-town lines, 
&c., besides those here given ; but all the more important 
have been enumerated, and the least instructed visitor 
will have little difficulty, with the foregoing directions, in 



60 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

making fall use of these great conveniences. It will 
be noted that, with a single exception, the up-routes of 
all these lines have been given, as most intelligible ; some of 
them make slight varialioDs iu return or down-routes, but 
when so, only "to a small distance. Omnibuses, up Broad- 
way to various points, leave South, Wall street and Fulton 
ferries, conspicuously lettered as to destinations. 

Other objects of interest to those making longer so- 
journ ; the East River Bridge^ now building between 
New York and Brooklyn, and promising to be one of 
the master-works of its class in the ^^orld; the 
Pneumatic TwwweZ, commencement of subterranean 
travel in the city, to be seen at Broadway and Warren 
street ; Governor's Island, head-quarters of the mili- 
tary department (reached by boat from South ferry); 
the Navy Yard, Brooklyn (cars from Fulton ferry); 
the Penal and Charitable Institutions on BlackwelVs^ 
RandalVs and Ward's Islands (under control of 
Commissioners of Charities and Correction — build- 
ing, Third avenue and Eleventh street) ; and a 
variety of Asylums for orphans and the afflicted. 

SUBUEBS, DRIVES AND EXCURSIONS. 

Of Drives and Short Excursions (by carriage), 
the first favorite is that to the 

Central Park, a large and admirable public 
ground, <iccupying nearly the centre of the Island, 
extending in width from Fifth to Eighth avenuCj 
and in length from Fifty ninth to One Hundred an<5 
Tenth street, handsomely laid out, shaded andorna- 
menttd, with fine roads and costly bri Iges, and 
lacking only age to be equal to any public ground 



NEW YORK GITT. 61 

in Europe. It has a Lake, with boats (service) ; a 
Museum, with Zoological collection and many other 
curiosities; a Casino^ on the European plan; PuUic 
Carriages, making the round of the Park at short 
intervals, for trifling fare: Statues of Shakspeare, 
Humboldt, Schiller, Professor Morse, Sir Walter 
Scott, &c. ; statuary groups of the " Hunter and his 
Dog," " Auld Lang Syne ;" and presents the feature 
of music by a fine band every Saturday afternoon 
during the warm season, attracting immense con- 
courses of people. In connection are also to be seen 
the Croton Receiving Reservoirs^ alleged to be of 
size enough, and to contain water enough, to float 
the navies of the world. {^Central Parle may also be 
reached from the City Hall, by horse-cars on the 
Belt railways (along either river), on the Third and 
Madison avenues, Broadway, Sixth, Seventh and 
Eighth avenues.] Beyond, the drive by carriage is 
often and profitably extended to the Harlem and 
Bloomingdale Roads, or to High Bridge, an aque- 
duct bridge over the Harlem Eiver, of great height 
and solidity ; or to Jerome Park, new and handsome 
trotting and racing ground of the American Jockey 
Club, beyond the Harlem River, in Westchester. 
Another scarcely less fashionable drive is to 

Prospect Park, the new but very handsome 
public ground of Brooklyn, which bids fair to rival 
if not to excel the Central, has a Lake, a Dairy Cot- 
tage and Barn, a fine stretch of natural forest, an 
elevated drive with commanding view, statue of 



61a SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

President Lincoln (at entrance), busts of Washington 
Irving, John Howard Payne, &c. Music by a fine 
band, Saturday afternoons. [May also be reached 
from New York by Fulton ferry and by horse-cars 
of Flatbush avenue line.] Near Prospect Park is to 
be visited 

Greemoood Cemetery, one of the largest and hand- 
somest Cities of the Dead on the globe, with lakes, 
rising grounds, fine shades, costly monuments, and 
all the other melancholy attractions possible to be 
flung around places of burial. Among the leading 
features are the handsome sculptured Entrance Way ; 
the Firemen's, Pilots', Old Sea Captain's, Canda, 
Scribner, J. G. Bennett and McDonald Clarke monu- 
ments ; the tombs of William E. Burton, the comed- 
ian, Lola Montez (with inscription, "Eliza Gilbert"), 
Crawford Livingston, &c.; the vaults of Stephen 
Whitney, William Niblo, &c. Most beautiful point 
that at and around "Sylvan Water;" finest views, 
those from " Ocean Hill " and " Battle Hiil." [May 
also be reached from New York by Fulton ferry and 
horse-cars of the Greenwood or Fifth avenue lines.] 
Service-carriages for going through the cemetery, 
may always be found at the entrance. Beyond Green- 
wood and Prospect Park, the same drive may be 
profitably extended to Prospect Park Race Course, 
and to 

Coney Island, fine sea- beach, with excellent bath- 
ing and somewhat miscellaneous attendance, and 
not too eclectic in its general character. [May also 



NEW TORE CITY. CIJ 

be reached from New York by Fulton ferry, and 
by Smith and Jay street horse-cars ; or by either of 
the horse-car lines to Greenwood, thence by steam 
to the beach ; or by steamer from New York, several 
times daily during season,] 

Other Short Excursions will be those to the Brook- 
lyn Navy Yard, with extensive Dry Dock, Museum 
of marine curiosities, and much of general interest 
[horse cars from Fulton ferry, '•' Navy Yard "] ; to 
Fort Hamilton, at the Narro^^s, junction of the 
Upper and Lower Bays, with fortifications and very 
fine sea-view [drive, or may be reached by Fulton or 
Hamilton ferry, and horse -cars] ; to Evergreen Ceme- 
tery, East New York [drive, or Fulton ferry and 
Fulton avenue horse-cars] ; to Rockaway Beach 
and Far Rockaway, picturesque line of coast on the 
south side of Long Island, celebrated for sailiiig, 
fishing, and as a resort always cool even in the 
hottest weather, owing to the breezes caused by 
peninsula position, and once made famous by the 
flong commencing : 

" On old Long Island's sea-girt shore, 
Many an hour I've whiled away, 
Listening to the breakers roar, 
That washed the beach of Rockaway." 

[Ferry from James Slip or Thirty-fourth street to 
Hunter's Point for Long Island Eailroad ; or ferry 
from foot of Grand street. East River, for South- 
Side Railroad ; or horse cars to East New York from 



61c SHO n T TRIP G UIDE. 

Fulton or South ferries, steam-cars to Canarsie ancj 
boat to beach; or, daily excursion boat from New 
York] ; to Hohoken, great base-ball and cricket 
grounds, and favorite German resort, across the Hud- 
son, in New Jersey [ferry from Barclay street or 
Christopher street] ; to Bergen Point, [drive or 
horse-car from Jersey City, or train on New Jersey 
Central Kailroad, from foot Liberty street] ; to Pat- 
erson and Passaic Falls [train on Erie Railway, foot 
Chambers or Twenty-third street: see route North 
by Erie Railway]; to Neioark, largest and most 
thriving city in New Jersey [train on New Jersey 
Railroad, foot of Cortlandt street; see route New 
York to Pniladelphia ; or Newark and New York 
Railroad, foot Liberty street] ; to Elizabeth, New 
Jersey [train on New Jersey Railroad, foot Cort- 
laAdt street, or New Jersey Central, foot Liberty 
street;] to Staten Island, [New Brighton, Sailors* 
Snug Harbor, Port Richmond, Elm Park, &c., by 
the North Shore boats, from the Battery every 
hour; and Vanderbilt's, Quarantine, Tompkins- 
Tille, Clifton, &c., by the East Shore boats, same 
place, every hour.] 

Longer excursions of interest, conveniently made 
from Ne\v^ York, those to (1) 

Long Branch, great sea-shore resort on the 
New Jersey coast, with several miles of fine bluflf, 
bold surf -bathing, admired sea-view, splendid drives 
and excursions, and an immense number of sum- 
mer hotels, capable of accommodatiig fifteen to 



NEW YORK CITY. 61d 

twenty thousand visitors (among the principal the 
Ocean Hotel, West End, Mansion House, United 
States, Metropolitan, Howland, Pavilion, &c.), and 
a present popularity making it the most generally 
sought and notable place on the American sea 
coast. It supplies th'3 summer residence of Presi- 
dent Grant, and has many cottages of the wealthy. 
Near it are Eatontoion (with Monmoutli Park Race 
Ground in the immediate neighborhood), Red Bank, 
Deal, and other villages of New Jersey. [Reached 
by boats of the New Jersey Southern Railroad, to 
Sandy Hook (with government fortifications and en- 
trance to the Lower Bay) ; thence rail, by the High- 
lands of Navesink (fine elevation, with splendid sea- 
air and view, and summer- boarding place of merit 
and popularity — hotels, Thomfson^ s, SchencFs), Sea- 
iright, &c., [the whole distance within sight of the 
sea.] Or, by the new All-Rail Route from New 
York, from foot of Liberty st., by Central Railroad 
of New Jersey (Oommunipaw ferry), and Rahway, 
to Perth Amboy, Keyport, Middletown, Red Bank, 
&c., to Long Branch. [From Long Branch rail- 
way connection lo Freehold, and thence to Trenton 
and other cities of West New Jersey ; or train may 
be taken for Mancliester, Tom's River, and towns of 
New Jersey further southward; to Atlantic City or 
Philadelphia.] To (2) 

Lake Mahopac, pleasant and very popular minor 
watering-place, with handsome quiet wooded 
scenery, islands, fine boating, sailing, fishing and 



61« SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

other attractions. Reached by Harlem Railroad, in 
a few hours, through the very fine scenery of that 
line, at the lower edge of the Hudson Highlands. 
Hotels, the Gregory House, Baldwin House, &c. 
To (3) 

Sghooley's Mountain {Heath House), mineral 
springs and popular summer-resort, with fine air 
an«,l charming scenery, in the minor mountains of 
New Jersey ; reached by the Morris and Essex Rail- 
road, from foot of Barclay street, by Morristo7vn, 
one of the handsomest towns and most popular res- 
idences in the State, to Haclcettstown, whence short 
ride by stage-coach. Also, BudcVs LaTce, within a 
few miles of the preceding, and reached by same 
conveyances — with many attractions of boating, 
fishing, &c. Also, Lake Hopatcong, with similar 
attractions to the place last named, reached by the 
same railroad to Stanhope or Dover, thence carriage 
or boat to destination. To (4) 

Delaware Wateh Gap {Kittatinny House)f 
lying, as the name indicates, at one of the finest 
passes of the Upper Delaware, through and among 
the mountains dividing Pennsylvania and New 
Jersey, and with superb mountain and river scenery, 
pure and healthful air, and much popularity as a 
place of summer resort. Has many features of es- 
pecial woodland beaiity, in Rebecca^ s Well, Venus* 
Bath und Eureka Falls, views from Prospect Rock, 
Fox Hill, &c. [From the Water Gap, continuing 
by rail, may be reached Stroudshurg and the Lack- 



NEW TORE CITY. 61/ 

awanna Coal Regions of Pennsylvania ; or, south- 
ward, Easton, Philadelphia, &c.] To (5) 

Greenport and OrieJit, minor watering-places at 
tiie east end of Long Island ; and to Jamaica and 
other places nearer. [Eeached by Long Island 
Railroad.] Also, to Glen Cove, and other near 
places on that Island, by boat. To (6) 

West Point, by evening or morning boat or Hud- 
son River railroad. [See route to West Point, Cats- 
kills, Albany, &c., Rjute No. 1.] To (7) 

New Haven, Conn. [See Route No. 4, p. 104. 
By rail on that route, or daily boat on the Sounds 
leaving Peck Slip every afternoon for that place 
direct.] To (8) 

Bridgeport, Norivalh, and other towns of Con- 
necticut. [Rail as in Route No. 4.] To (9) 

Haetfoed, capital of Conn. [Rail as in Route 
No. 4, or by daily boat direct.] 



ROUTE NO. 1 -NORTHERN. 

NEW YORK TO NIAGARA FALLS AND CANADA, BY 

HUDSON RIVER, NEW YORK CENTRAL 

RAILWAY AND CONNECTIONS. 

Division A. 

KBW YORK TO AND AT WTIST POINT AND HUDSON 
HIGHLANDS. 

The transit from New York to West Point and the 
Highlands may be made in from two to four hours, 
by (1) Hudson River Railroad to Garrison's, then 
ferry to West Point ; or by (2) morning boat on the 
river, to West Point direct ; or (3) evening boat on 
the river, also direct. Either of the latter is prefer- 
able to the former, for reasons hereafter to be given. 

By Rail. 

Leaving New York by rail, on Hudson River 
Railroad, the first object of special interest, except 
the high lands at and about Fort Washington, stud- 
ded with fine residences, — is the crossing from 
New York island to the mainland of Westchester, at 
Kingsbridge or Spuytenduyvel ; and on the oppo- 
Bite or western side of the river, commence, at abou* 
the same point, 



ROUTE NO. l.—NORTHEBK 6S 

The Palisades, immense almost perpendicular 
masses of rock, rising sheer from the river on that 
side, in shape suggesting the name, and continuing 
at various heights of hundreds of feet, for some ten 
miles, where they break away into rugged hills. 

Beyond Spuytenduyvel, the first place of impor- 
tance passed through is the handsome small town of 
Yonkers ; then Dohbs Ferry, with the long wharf of 
the Erie Eailway opposite, at Piermont, and a ferry 
between ; then Tarrytown (where the laying over of 
a train may be well compensated in visiting " Sunny- 
side," the late residence of Washington Irving, the 
Major Andre Monument, &c., in the immediate 
neighborhood) ; then Sing-Sing, with its strong 
State-prison buildings, and on the opposite bank of 
the river a view of the gorge running back to the 
celebrated RocJcland Lake, from which so much of 
the best ice is derived. After leaving Sing-Sing, 
very soon is crossed the Croton River, from works 
on which and the lake of the same name, the New 
York supply of water is derived. Shortly after 
crossing the Croton, a mass of rocks, rising conically 
and crowned with a light-house, on the other or 
west side of the river, marks Stony Point, cele- 
brated for the reckless courage displayed in its 
capture by Gen. Wayne, during the Eevolutionary 
War. The next stopping-place of importance is 
Peekshill, on leaving which the 

HiGHLAis'DS OF THE HuBSON are entered, pre- 
senting their heavy and picturesque masses on both 



64 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

sides of the river, and enchanting the eye with the 
continual changes, appearances and disappearances 
made ineritable by the course of the railway through 
them. The disembarkation from the railway is made 
at Garrison's Laoiding, whence ferry-boat and omni- 
bus to the Military Academy or one of the hotels at 
West Point. 

By Steamboat. 

Precisely tlie same features as those indicated by 
rail, will be enjoyed by boat, with the advantage of 
both sides of the river being seen in lieu of one, and 
the additional escaping of the noise inevitable in 
riding by rail along rocky passe?. When entering 
the Highlands, however, the advantage of the boat 
is even more manifest, as there is scarcely a river or 
lake approach in the world, so magnificent as that 
through the Highlands proper, from Peekskill to 
West Point — fine as any one point of the Rhine, 
and forcibly reminding the tourist of the middle 
and upper portions of Loch Lomond, approaching 
and above Inversnaid. It is from boat on the river, 
Specially, that the alternating wild beauty aud rug- 
ged grandeur of the giants of the range, their feet at 
the very water's-edge, can best be appreciated. 

Morning boats, making this voyage, and then 
going on up the Hudson to Albany, leave New York 
every morning, at an early hour ; and evening boats, 
passing through the Highlands before nightfall, leave 
every afternoon. 

Disembarkation, from either, is made at CJozzens* 



ROUTE NO. I.—NOBTHEBN: 66 

or the Military Academy docks at West Point; 
thence to the hotels by omnibus. 

At and near West Point. 

One of the principal attractions at West Point, 
consists in the admirable views which can be enjoyed 
either from Cozzens\ the fashionable hotel and sum- 
mer resort, on the high clifis below the Military 
Academy, the Parry Hotise, in the same vicinity, or 
the West Point, above it, making quiet lounging a 
continued luxury. This is not true of one direction 
alone, but of all, the elevation being high and the 
reaches of the river, above and below, singularly 
beautiful. Of excursions, the most notable is to 

Old Fort Putnam, ruins, with some portions 
of solid wall remaining, lying on a hill westward 
from the Academy. This fort must always retain 
its interest, as the " Key of the Highlands" during 
the Kevolutionary War, and the* scene of Arnold's 
intended treason. The views from it, in all di- 
rections, too, are the very finest to be enjoyed in any 
portion of the Highlands. An early visit will, of 
course, be paid to the 

United States Military Academy, which gives the 
place its peculiar importance, and which ranks 
among the first of military institutions, with some 
features of severity attracting peculiar attention. 
[Information as to modes and forms of visit- 
ing, can always be obtained at the leading hotels.] 
In connection with the Academy comes the in- 
teresting spectacle, 



66 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE , 

Parade of the Cadets (morning and evening)— 
which should not be missed — the evening especially* 
by any who desire to see the perpendicular in car- 
riage, the angular in motion, and the sharp in disci- 
pline. 

Pleasant excursions may also be made to Butter- 
milk Falls, in the neighborhood ; and across tlie 
river to Cold Spring, and to the Robinson House^ 
standing four or five miles south from it, where 
Arnold resided at the time of his treason. Near 
Cold Spring may also be seen Undercliff,. residence of 
the late Gen. Geo. P. Morris, the poet. 

Division B. 

WEST POINT TO AND AT THE CATSKILL MOUNTAINS. 

Northward from West Point, by steamboat on the 
way towards Albany, from the wharf; or rail from 
Garrison's Station, opposite. Assuuiing that the 
boat will be taken, and remembering that if pro- 
ceeding by rail the variation of scene will be very 
slight — the following will be the most important 
features, beyond West Point. Emerging from the 
Highlands proper, ard passing "Cronest" and 
"Storm King," the largest hills of the range, 
and also Cornwall Landing on the left, with much 
beauty and picturesque scenery in the neighborhood 
(among other attractions, Idlewild, residence of the 
late N. P. Willis), and Fishhill Landing on the 
right, is shortly reached, on the left, 



ROUTE I'D. \.-~NORTHEBN. GT 

!NEWBUiiGH, A^ery slopingly situated on the liigli 
bank, with large river-trade, an important railway 
connection westward to the Erie road, and- one 
featurt- of great importance on the bluflf below: 
Washington'-^ Head-Quarters, a revolutionary relic 
of proiuiuenoe, with many reminders of the struggle. 
Obief Hotel, the United States. Above IsTewburgh, 
though the river is fine, there is no feature of 
marked interest, until, -at the right, is reached 

PoUGHKEEPSiE, a large town witb some pictur- 
esqueness of location, and a triple distinction com- 
pounded of its heavy river-trade in agricultural 
products, the miinufiicture of ale. and the proximity 
of the noted Vassar Female College. 

WitWn a few miles after I'^aving Poiighkeepsie, 
the rongh scmery is snppl^mented and completed 
by the breaking into view, far ahead and to the left^ 
of the 

Ca.tshill Mountain Ra?ige, which thenceforth 
scarcely leaves the eye of the tourist until arrival 
— so graceful is the ouHine. and so beautifully blue 
the jTenoral aspect. Minor landings of Hyde Park, 
etc., are passed, to 

Ehinebeck, on the right, where landing is made for 
Rondout and Kingston, on the opposite side (con- 
nection by I'erry), and for 

The Overlook Mountain House, new but very pop. 
ular place of summer resort, at great height on the 
southern portion of the Oatskills, and commanding 
a most magnificent view, especially eastward and 



68 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

southward. Also with many attractive features in 
the neighborhood, in the DeviVs Kitchen, Gleft in tkt 
Eocks, Pulpit Bock, Overlook Cliff, &c. Also, at a lit- 
tle distance, Shoe Lake, a beautiful and attractive 
sheet of water. [Reached from Rhinebeck by ferry 
to Eondout, thence by rail to West Hurley ; thence 
by stage-coach, by the Sawkill Creek and Woodstock, 
to destination. May also be reached by evening 
boat, direct from New York to Rondout, thence as 
before.] 

Beyond Rhinebeck are passed Barrytoion and 
other landings on the right, Maiden and others on 
the left, to 

Catshill Landing, point of disembarkation for the 
Mountains, and of crossing from Oak Hill Stationf 
for those who have come up by the rail. Also, 
popular summer resort, at the Prospect Park House, 
immediately above, with fine grounds and admirable 
view; at the Powell House (posting-house for the 
mountains, on the wharf) &c. [Catskill Lauding 
may also be reached by evening boat from New York 
direct, and direct connection made for the moun- 
tains.] 

From Catskill Lauding by stage-coach, always in 
waiting for boats and trains, by Catskill Village, the 
Half- Way House, and at one-tliird distance of the 
ascent of the Mountains proper, the Eip Van- Winkle 
House, with a broad flat rock beside it, on which 
tradition alleges the sleep of Trving's hero to have 
taken place. Views over the Hudson Valley are very 
fine, before reaching the 



ROUTE NO. l.-NORTHERN. 69 

Gatskill Mountain House, among the highest of 
dll American places of eastern sojourn, and in many 
regards the superior of all others on the continent, as 
to situation. The view from the house, over the 
Hudson river and valley, is wonderfully extensive 
and beautiful ; and Sunrise, as seen from the piazza, 
is scarcely second to the same spectacle from the 
famous Swiss Ehigi. Of excursions, there are many 
and most pleasing. The most interesting (longer 
ones by carriage, always in readiness) follow. To 

Kautershill Falls, wild and romantic basin, with 
two cascades, of 180 and 80 feet, and picturesque in 
every aspect, above and below, besides being sur- 
rounded by wild and grand mountain and ravine 
scenery, and views of High Peak and Round Top, 
the two giants of the range, obtainable from different 
jDoints. (The Laurel House, a popular place of so- 
journ, standing at near the verge of the falls, affords 
residence to the many who wish to study the splen- 
did scenery in this immediate neighborhood). To 
the Lakes, small sheets of water, lying in primeval 
wildness ; short walk from the Mountain House, oi 
on the way to the Falls. Through the Clove, one ot 
the most remarkable mountain clefts in the world ^ 
from Palensville towards Hunter, with views of the 
beautiful Faxon's Leap Fall. To Plauterkill and 
Stony Gloves. To Parker's Ledge, overlooking the 
Clove. To Moses' and Sunset Rocks. To the tops 
of the South Mountain, North Mountain, etc. To 
the top of High Peak, laborious ascent, but with 
magnificent view, etc. 



70 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Division C. 

CATSKILL MOUNTAINS TO AND AT ALBANY AND 
TROT. 

Leave Oatskill by rail from Oak Hill Station ; or 
by boat from New York from Catskill Landing ; 
making landing at 

Hudson, on the oast side of the river, a large 
and thriving town, with considerable manufactures. 
[Point of departure for Lebanon Springs and the 
Shaker Village connected with them; as also for 
Cohimbia Springs; both minor watpring-places of 
salulTrious situation and increasing popularity. 
A' so, railway connection east for Boston.] From 
Hudson, through scen'^ry jnuch tamer than along 
the Lower Hudson — ^past Athejis (whence there is a 
railway to Albany). Goxsachie, Ncto Baltimore, etc., 
on the left; and Stuyvesant, Kinderliooh (residence 
of the late President Martin Van Buren), CasUeton, 
etc., on the right — to 

Albany, Caintal of the State of New York, some- 
tvhat picturesquely situated on rising ground, on the 
west bank of the Hudson, with Greenbush opposite ; 
the river spanned by a rail way -bridge of recent 
erection and a certain celebrity on account of the 
opposition made to it by the residents of Troy, 
liigher up the stream. It has great commercial 
importance, as the virtual head of sailing-vessel 
navigation northward ; as a heavy lumber and tim- 
ber depot ; and especially as the point at which the 



ROUTE MO. l.—NOUTHEBN. 71 

immenise carrying-trade of the Erie and Champlain 
Canals enters the Hudson. 

Thebiiiidings best worth a visit and observation 
tire the Capitol (soon to be replaced by a much finer 
erection), with the Senate and Assembly Chambers 
(legislative sessions from 1st January to 1st April) ; 
the State Library, adjoining ; the State House, with 
government offices ; the Dudley Observatory, rapidly 
assuming position as one of the first institutions of 
the kind in the country; the State Arsenal; the 
University j the Medical College (with Museum) • 
the City Hall; State Normal School, &c. Eides 
from Albany are many and attractive — especially to 
the Cemetery (one of the handsomest in the State), 
to Cohoes Falls, LansinglurgJi, and other handsome 
and thriving yillages at practicable distance, and to 
some one of the Shaker Villages lying northward — 
at the latter of which (as at Lebanon), the most odd 
and peculiar of all forms of worship may be encoun- 
tered. Leading hotels at Albany, the JDelavan, Stan- 
vnx Hall, Congress Hall, &c. 

From Albany, by street-car, omnibus or boat to 
Tkot, some eight miles up the rapidly-diminishing 
river from the Capital, where will be found nearly a 
rival of the latter in size and population, its superior 
in beauty of locjition, and not only a flourishing 
town in general manufactures, but one of the most 
extensive lumber and timber depots in the world. 
It lies on both sides of the river — the eastern portion 
called by the common name, and the western, West 



72 SIIORT-TRTP GUIDE. 

Troy. There is much manufacturing, of various 
heavy kinds in both divisions, but especially in West 
Troy, where street-cars, stoves and oilcloths are 
among the principal articles, while at the Water vliet 
Arsenal (United States government) tlie founding 
i)f small arms and munitions of war is carried on 
very extensively. Troy has also additional promi- 
nence from the junction of the Northern, Western 
and Eastern lines of railway, here occurring; it has 
som'.' churches of prominence (*S'^. JoJm and SL 
Paul, the principal) — the Rensselaer Polytechnic In- 
stitute, and the Female Seminary, both popular in 
management and extensive in influence. Two slight 
eminences, near the town, bear the ridiculously 
classical names of Mt. Ida and Mt. Olympus ; and 
there are two pretty cemeteries — Oahwood and 
Mount Ida. From Troy, also, may be conveniently 
reached, by carriage or other conveyance, Oohoes, 
Lansingburgh, &c. 

Division D. 

>rEW YORK TO ALBANY OR TROY BY NIGHT-BOAT. 

Those who have before made the passage of the 
Hudson from New York to Albany by daylight; or 
those who intend to return by some day-route, and 
so do not wish to consume time or experience fatigue 
on the route northward before reaching Albany — will 
be able to make the transit, so far as the latter 
place, by night-steamers on the. Hudson, leaving 



ROUTE NO. l.—WOBTnEBN. 71 

New York at 6 P.M., finding luxurious accommoda- 
tion for eating and sleeping, on board, and reaching 
Albany or Troy at so early qm hour in tlie morning 
as to ensure connection with the trains for either the 
Northern, Western or Eastern routes. 

For this transit two lines present themselves : the 
People's Line (New Jersey Steamboat Company), in 
the very large and splendid boats of which the full 
luxury of American river-navigation is seen; and 
the Citizens' Line (the Troy Citizens' Steamboat 
Company), displaying less splendor though supply- 
ing strong and efficient boats, and making a special- 
ty of reduced prices as compared with the People's 
Line. 

Going by either of these lines, in the long days of 
midsummer, a considerable portion of the scenery of 
the lower Hudson is passed through before the dis- 
appearance of daylight; and if time at or near the 
full moon can be chosen, the sail under such cir- 
cumstances through the Hudson Highlands affords 
aspects of peculiar beauty not otherwise attainable. 

Division E. 

ALBANY OR TROY TO AND AT TRENTON FALLS. 

The New York Central Eailroad will be taken at 
cither Albany or Troy, bending westward, up tne 
very handsome though narrow 

Valley of the Mohawk, considered one of the finest 
in America for tracts of quiet beauty in scenery; 



74 SHORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

and often within sight of that wonderful enterprise 
in original construction and present capacity of con- 
veyance, the 

Erie Canal, which crosses the whole State between 
Lake Erie, at Buffalo, and the Hudson, at Albany ; 
— by Schenectady, a quiet little old town, principally 
celeb Til ed as having been the scene of a dreadful 
conflagratiun and massacre by the Indians, during 
the Eevolutionary War. [Kailway branches here for 
Saratoga, Lake George, Lake Champlain and Mon- 
treal, for those who prefer.] From SchenecLady, by 
minor stations of Fonda ; Palatine Bridge [point of 
disembarkation for Sharon Springs, reached hence 
by coach] ; Fort Plain [whence coach conveyance 
to Otsego Lake, Cooperstown (residence of ihe late 
Fenimore Cooper) and Cherry Valley'] ; Little Falls 
(where particular attention is due to the wondrous 
river-and-rock scenery of the pass on the left) ; and 
Herkimer — to 

Utica, one of the flourishing large towns of Cen- 
iral New York, and Capital of Oneida County. It 
is pleasantly situated on rising ground on the south 
side of the Mohawk Eiver, aud is surrounded by 
very fertile lands, from which proceeds, at ihe hands 
of the Welsh and other residents, one of the principal 
cheese-manufactures of the country. The town stands 
on the site of old Fort Schuyler, of Eevolutionary 
fame ; is an entrepot of both the New York Central 
Eailroad and Erie Canal ; and has a peculiar though 
melancholy attraction in the large and well-managed 



ROUTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN. 75 

State Lunatic Asyliirii. Drives around Utica are 
numerous and excellent. Prominent hotels at Utica, 
Baggs' and the American. 

Lay over at Utica one day or more, and proceed, 
either by carriage direct, or by cars of the Utica and 
Black River Railroad to South Trenton and thence 
by omnibus, to 

Trenton Falls, on West Canada Cicek, branch 
of the Mohawk River — a series of cascades unexcelled 
in the world for picturesque beauty. The principal 
falls are five in number, successively, passing up the 
stream, the Sherman Fall., High Fall, Mill-Dam, 
Fall, Alhambra Fall and Rocky Heart. To appre- 
ciate and enjoy them thoroughly, the tourist needs 
to descend the bank, by stairway, to the rocky level 
at the bottom, as far as practicable, and pass up 
along the left bank, on an irregular line of shelf- 
path, easily found, and presenting little difficulty 
and no danger to the careful. The rock-strata of 
this remarkable gorge will excite mingled wonder 
and admiration, — as will the really unique collection 
of fossils and crystals found in the neigborhood and 
kept on view at Moore^s Hotel, near the Falls. Re- 
turning from the extreme point reached, to below 
the Mill-Dam Fall, the stairway should be ascended, 
to the Rural Retreat, to view the High Fall from 
above — and way taken back to the Hotel through 
the fine woods. Return to Utica for pursuance of 
route northward. 



76 SHORT-TPJP GUIDE. 

Division F. 

TRENTON FALLS AKD UTICA TO NIAGARA FALLS. 

Leave Utica by rail on New York Central Eail- 
road, to 

EoME, a thriving town, also on the Mohawk 
River and the Erie Canal. [Here, those who wish 
to proceed more directly to the St. Lawrence and 
Canada, may take Rome, Watertown and Ogdens- 
burgh Railroad, to Watertown, for crossing to Kings- 
ton and the Grand Trunk Line in either direction — 
or to Ogdenshurgh, for crossing to Prescott and 
nearest route to Ottawa]. Rome, continuing by New 
York Central, to 

Syracuse, large and flourishing town of Onon- 
daga County, at the junction of the Eric and Oswego 
Canals, with an immense production of salt from 
the Salt-wells, and the peculiar celebrity of having 
long been the favorite place for political conven- 
tions. It is pleasantly situated at the south end 
of Onondaga Lake. [Railway connection, here, 
southward by the Syracuse and Bingham ton Rail- 
road, to Bingliamton and the Erie Railway ; and 
northward to Oswego, on the shore of Lake Ontario, 
with steamer connection to Canadian ports and down 
the St. Lawrence. Branch line of the New York 
Central may also be taken, at Syracuse, diiect to 
Bvffalo^ by 

Auburn, flourishing town on Cayuga Lake, and 
capital of Cayuga County, where one of the New 



ROUTE Is'O. l.—FOBTHEBN. 77 

York State Prisons is located, and where Secretary 
Seward has long resided — by Cayuga, Geneva^ Can- 
aiidaigua (whence branch lines to Rochester and 
.southward to the Erie Eailway at Elmira), Cale- 
donia, LoEoi/iuxd Batavia.'] 

By main line, from Syracuse, by Clyde, Lyon^ 
and Palmyra, to 

EocHESTEii, on the Genesee Eiver, one of the 
largest towns of Northern New York, and one of 
the most prosperous. It has a great natural curi- 
osity, in Genesee Falls, a single cataract of eminence,, 
in jumping from which "Sam Patch," the leaper, 
lost his life, many years ago. Artificially, its lead- 
ing attractions are the great Erie Canal Aqueduct 
over tlie Genesee ; the Rocliester University and 
TJieological Seminary ; Mount Hope Cemetery ; St. 
Mary's Hospital, etc. [Eailway connection south- 
ward to the Erie Eailway, at Corning; also by rail 
to Charlotte, on the lake shore, whence boats to all 
points on Liike Ontario]. Leading hotels, the Os- 
born. Congress, Brackett, &c. 

From Eochester, by New York Central, by Broch- 
port, Alhio7i, Medina, and Lochport (point of en- 
trance into the Erie Canal, from Lake Erie), to 
Niagara (village), and * 

NiAGAEA Falls, first natural curiosity of America 
and admittedly among the first in the world. 



7« HEOUT-rmP GUIDE. 

Division G. 

AT AND ABOUT NIAGARA. 

Most Students of geography, even "those who have 
never traveled, know that the Falls of Niagara lie 
between the State of New York, and Canada, and 
that they are formed by the rushing through the 
comparatively narrow pass of the Niagara Eiver, 
over a curved shelf of uneven rocks, of all the mighty 
mass of water going eastward from Lake Erie to 
Lake Ontario ; and to a smaller number of non_ 
visitors are known the additional facts that the 
Horse-Shoe Fall (Canadian side) is 1,800 feet across; 
that Goat Island, separating the two, is 500 feet in 
width ; that the America?i Fall is only 900 feet in 
width ; that the average" depth of descent is esti- 
mated to be about 160 feet; and that the enormous 
amount of 100,000,000 tons of water is believed to 
pass over the ledge every hour — nearly 1,500,000 
tons every minute, and about 25,000 tons every 
second or beat of the pulse ! Beyond this, no addi- 
tional statistics need be given, except that the banks 
of the river, below the falls, have a perpendicular 
height of about 180 feet, and that the mass of water, 
below, all the way to the Whirlpool, is compressed 
inti ) an average space of about 480 feet of width. 

It is scarcely necessary to say that days of sojourn 
at the Falls are desirable, to see them in all their 
varying aspect and become fully acquainted with 
their beauty (often underrated) as well their gran- 



ROUTE NO. l.~NOBTHEBN 79 

deur. The short-trip traveler, however, will be 
better served than otherwise, with a brief statement 
of the points of view most absolutely uecessary and 
most conveniently attained. Of these are (1) that 

Over the Rapids — ^view caught in passing from the 
neighborhood of the Cataract House, by the fragile- 
looking but perfectly-secure bridge, to Goat Island. 
It is doubtful whether the cataract itself is more im- 
pressive than this mad rush of waters, threatening to 
sweep away the beholder at any instant, and sug- 
gesting all the images of beautiful rage and fury. (2), 
- From Goat Island, over the Canadian Fall, the 
Oanada shore and the lower rapids — with the shape 
of the horseshoe fully defined, and the rainbow al- 
nost constant during fine weather. . (3), 

From Terrapin Toioer (small tower at the edge of 
the Canadian Fall, reached by bridge from G-oat 
Island), giving the opportunity to \o6k almost per- 
pendicularly doion tlie catarad, with other points of 
view nearly the same as from Goat Island. (4), 

From Prospect Point, near the International House, 
on the American side, giving the American Fall al- 
most at the feet, and the Canadian Fall and shore 
broadly opposite. (5), 

From under the American Fall, down-river side, 
reaching that point by descent of steps or Inclined 
Raihoay, from Prospect Point. From no other 
point of view €an the impression of the broken 
bright water really falling from the clouds, be caught 
in such enchanting perfection. (6), 



60 HHOBT-TRIP GUIDE. 

From tlie River, crossing the lower rapids by boat, 
and looking up to the Falls from the greatest attain- 
able depth below them. (7), 

From tlie Suspension Bridges, especially the upper 
aud smaller one, near the Falls. (8), 

From the Clifton Ledge, in front of the Clifton 
House, on the Canadian side — the American Fall 
being seen from this point to perhaps even better 
advantage, and the whole ensemble of the Falls bet- 
ter caught, than even in the view (9), 

From Table Roch, higher up* on the Canadian 
side, immediately at the verge and edge of the Horse- 
Shoe Fall, always a favorite with experienced visi- 
tors, and from which point the view in Church's 
great picture was taken. Descent 

Under the Falls may be made, by those who have 
taste for that style of adventure — either by going 
down the Biddle Staircase, from Goat Island (under 
American Fall and to the Cave of the Winds), or the 
staircase at Table Eock (under Canadian Fall, to 
Termination Roch). Neither of these descents should 
be made, however, without due preparation of water- 
proof clothing (kept on hand at both points named), 
and the services of a capital guide. 

Lunar Island, joined by a bridge to Goat Island 
on the right, should be visited, in sunlight to see 
the Rainbow of the Falls in greatest perfection and, 
in moonlight, if the time of visit so serves, in the 
chance of seeing that most wonderful of spectacles, 
the Lunar rainbow . 



ROUTE NO. \-NOBTHERN. 81 

The Sister Mands (three) are now connected with 
Goat Island and with each other, by strong and 
handsome suspension-bridges ; and no visitor to the 
Palls should fail to go out on each of them, for the 
unequalled view of the Upper Rapids thus to be 
obtained. That from the extreme outward one is 
perhaps the finest of all. 

The Wliirlpool and Wldrlpool Rapids, three miles 
below the Falls, on the American side (elevator to 
descend to the river-side, at the latter), show some 
of the most terrible rushes of water in the world, 
and also the outlet, beyond, into the deep-banked 
river. 

Other Spots to be profitably visited at and near 
the Falls, may be named 

Grand Island, very large island, above (reached 
by ferry) notable as the spot where Major Mordecai 
M. Noah, of New York, some fifty years ago com- 
menced to build what he believed to be the City of 
Restoration of the Jews. (Monument commemora- 
tive, still remaining) ; 

Burning Spring, within a short walk above the 
Falls, on the Canada side, showing some rare phe- 
nomena in liquid combustion ; 

Lundy's Lane (Canada side — carriage), scene of 
the Battle of Chippewa (1813), with observatories 
and many stories of that battle ; 

Queenston and Lewistoh, opposite towns on the 
Niagara River, seven or eight miles below the Falk 
the former (Canada side) with a handsome monu- 



82 SI I OUT- TRIP GUIDK. 

meiit (o tlie English Gcii ral BrDck. Avhn fell \\'ve 
in 1812. Prominent h(^iels it Niagara, the Cata- 
ract, International, and Parle Place, on the Ameri- 
can side; and the Clifton, on the Canada si<le. 

[From Niagara (Suspension Bridge) through 
Canada, by .Great Western Eailway, to Detroit, 
Chicago, and tlie West (including California) ; or, 
Niagara to Buffalo, and West by the Lake Shore 
Eailroad ; or, by the Grand Trunk, to Toronto, 
Ottawa, Montreal, and other Canadian cities; or, 
rail to Kingston, and thence boat to and down the 
Kiver St. Lawrence to Montreal, etc. [See Cana- 
dian routQS.] 



ROUTE HO. 2 -NORTHERN, 

ITBW YORK TO BUFFALO, NIAGARA FALLS JLir© 
CANADA, BY THE ERIE RAILWAY. 

Leave Xew York (by morning train, for enjoy- 
ment of Delaware and Susquehanna scenery) by 
ferry from foot Chambers St., or foot 23d St., to 
Long Dock at Pavonia (New Jersey), midway be- 
tween the towns of Hoboken and Jersey City — the 
immense range of wharf commanding admiration for 
the enterprize which has created the whole from 
tide- water and useless marsh; and its importance 
added to by its late selection as the site of the piers 
and houses of the White Star Line of Steamers to 
Liverpool. 

Prom Long Dock, by rail, on the Erie Kailway ; 
the first point of interest after departure being 
the 

Bergen Tunnel, through the West Bergen Hills, 
reached within a few moments after leaving the 
wharf, three-quarter mile in length, and considered a 
most costly and elaborate piece of engmeering, until 
dwarfed by recent examples in the same line. Be- 
yond, the first town of any importance passed 
through, is 

Paterson, New Jersey, capital of Passaic County, 
in that State j the town presenting many interesting 



84 aHORT'TBIP OUIDB. 

features in manufactures and industry. Paper, cot- 
ton, silk and other fabrics are extensively produced ; 
and iron and steel working have even more promi- 
nence. The Ivanhoe Paper Mills, here, are the most 
extensive in the country ; Paterson foundries boast 
of being able to produce steamship-shafts and other 
heavy irons, of greater size than any others in Ame- 
rica ; and two of the most successful and notable of 
the establishments for the manufacture of locomo- 
tive engines, in the world, are located here — those of 
Grant, and of the Rogers Co., of whom the former 
won the great gold medal at the French Exposition 
ot 1867, for the splendid locomotive " America.*' 
Within the boundaries of the town are also to be 
seen the 

Passaic Falls, on the river of the same name — 
well worthy the tourist's attention, from the peculiar 
character of the chasm into which the river leaps, 
and the rock-scenery in the vicinity. Beyond Pater- 
son, the scenery, which has so far been tame, rough- 
ens and becomes better worthy of notice, as the hills 
of Orange County begin to break into view; and 
thenceforth, for a long distance, it may be said that 
the Erie road is one of the most picturesque in 
America — a marvel of wild natural beauty in sur- 
roundings, as well as of enterprize in engineering. 
At 

Suffern's Station [junction with the old road, 
now used for freight only, to Piermont, on the Hud 
eon], commences the fine scenery of the 



ROUTE NO. 2.— NORTHERN. 85 

Ramapo Mountains, Gap and Valley, scene of 
many of General Washington's warlike operations; 
and the country around and beyond, entering Orange 
dounty, in the State of New York, equally cele- 
brated for the wonderful richness of its dairy pro- 
ducts — the noted Orange County milk and butter. 

At 8loatsiurg, stage may be taken to Greenwood 
Lake, a rural summer resort of much beauty and 
some popularity. 

At Grey court occurs the junction with another 
and now more important branch of the line — that to 
Newburgh, on the Hudson. Also, connection to 
favorite watering-place, Greenwood Lake. At 

Goshen, connection with Montgomery and Wal- 
kill Valley Branch, for Kingston and Kondout- 
Soon after is reached 

Middletown, capital of Orange County, with much 
industry, extensive iron-works, an academy, and a 
surrounding country at once fertile and picturesque. 
Beyond Middletown soon comes into view the mag- 
nificent scenery and bold engineering operations con- 
nected with the great 

Shawangunh Mountain, the passage around which, 
by railway, wa,s once deemed impossible. From this 
point, alternate rock cuttings oi great depth and 
length, and magnificent views over the Neversink 
Valley and into the wild gorges of the Upper Dela- 
ware (river), of which the first comprehensive views 
are caught shortly before reaching 

Port Jervis, a village picturesquely situated among 
the mountains, at the point of junction of three 



8» SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

States — New York, New Jersey and Penusylvania, 
and once enjoying evil repute from the facility with 
which doubtful characters residing there could quick- 
ly change their State and thus baffle the officers of 
justice. It is now a place of limited summer resort 
and the end of tlie first or Eastern Division of the 
Erie road. [Falls of the Sawkill, fine cascades, six 
miles distant, by carriage or stage-coach.] 

Beyond Port Jervis the tourist enjoys fine views 
of the Delaware and Hudson Canal, in full opera- 
tion ; and then comes the yet wilder scenery of the 
Upper Delaware, the road running in many places 
closely along its high rocky banks, and the en- 
gineering of the whole line at this section worthy of 
being remembered beside that of the Rhone Valley 
road among the heights of Jura, and that of the 
road through the Apennines between Bologna and 
Florence. At near Shohola, perhaps the finest and 
wildest portion of the railway scenery is passed \ 
though the views approaching and leaving LacTca- 
waxen should by no means be lost. Passing Mast 
Hope, Narrowsburg, Callicoon (the latter and indeed 
all the places lately named, great headquarters for 
trout-fishermen and mountain-sportsmen generally) 
and Hancock, 

At Deposit (formerly dinner-station) farewell is bid- 
den to Delaware River. Bevond this point the grade 
is somewhat heavy and the ascent slow, until the top 
of the ridge is reached, after which follows corres- 
pondingly rapid descent for a certain distance. Not 



ROUTE NO. 2.— NORTHERN. 87 

long after commencement of the descent, is crossed 
the once celebrated 

Cascade Bridge, with a single arch oyer a ravine 
nearly two hundred feet in depth (now changed to 
a high embankment) ; and here begin to be caught 
wonderful views over the lovely Valley of the Susque- 
hanna and the fine Eiver of that name. Very soon 
after is crossed the 

Starucca Viaduct, a splendid stone structure some 
1,200 feet in length and about 130 feet in height — 
considered one of the noblest railway bridges on the 
Continent, while the scenery from and around it is 
wondrously lovely and attractive. Still another 
high crossing is made over a fine wooden trestle 
bridge, at Laneshorougli j and then is reached 
. Susquehanna, an important station and the end of 
the Second or Delaware division of the road, as well 
as noted for engine-work and other heavy manufac- 
tures. Only a few miles beyond is reached 

Great Bend, another important railway station, 
And the point of intersection with this road, of the 
Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Eoad, from the 
Coal Regions of Pennsylvania. [Near Kirkwood, 
next station beyond, may be seen an old wooden 
house possessing a certain interest as the place of 
birth of the first Morman prophet, Joe Smith]. The 
next place of importance reached is 

BiNGHAMTOiir, handsomely situated at the junc- 
tion of the Susquehanna and Chenango rivers, and 
deriving its name from an early settler, Mr. Bing- 



88 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

ham, ancestor on one side of the present noble 
English banking family, the Ashburton-Barings, 
Site of the New York State Inebriate Asylum; 
and a thriving and healthful town. [Connection 
with the New York Central Railroad, by the Syra- 
cuse and Binghamton road.] The next important 
station is 

Owego, a large and handsome village, on creek of 
the same name, with Glenmary, old residence of 
N. P. Willis, near it. [Connection, northward, by 
rail, to 

Ithaca, handsome town at the head (or south 
end), of Cayuga Lake, seat of Cornell University, 
and with much fine scenery in the neighborhood, 
amoug which may be noted no less than fifteen 
waterfalls, varying from 30 to 160 feet in height, 
and five of them oi 100 feet or more. Very hand- 
some excursions may be made on Cayuga Lake, 
from Ithaca; or branch rail pursued to Auburn 
and the New York Central road; or a charming 
drive taken across country to the head of Seneca 
Lake, Watkins, and Watkins Glen (see following).] 

Pursuing route on Erie road, from Ithaca, some 
half dozen stations beyond is reached 

Elmira, another chief town of Western New 
York, on the Chemung River, with handsome 
scenery, and much thrift and prosperity. [Connec- 
tions, northward, directly with Niagara F.ills, by 
the Northern Central road of Pennsylvania; south- 
ward, to Harrisburgh, Philadelphia, &C., by the 
same road; and northward by same road tt> 



ROUTE NO. 'i.—NOBTHBBN. 88a 

Watkins, pleasant village at the head of Seneca 
Lake, with fine outlook over it, and interesting 
excursions from it, by water or Jand; and to 

Watkiits Glek, only for a few years known to 
the body of travelers, but now with assured promi- 
nence as among the true wonders of the American 
Continent, and already attracting large numbers of 
visitors from all lands. It has some of the charac- 
teristics of both Trenton Falls and the Flume at 
the Franconia Notch of the White ^Mountains, 
with others especially its own. As technically de- 
scribed, the most notable feature is found in a deep 
ravine or chasm in the hills, through which a stream 
brawls and struggles in its way to the plain below. 
In some places the sides of the gorge are not more 
than twenty feet apart, and rise to a sheer height 
of two hundred feet. Again they widen, forming 
a vast amphitheatre four or five hundred feet apart 
and as many high, and a quarter of a mile in length, 
with a level floor on which the water spreads out 
in acres, with a depth of two or three inches. In 
another place, a steep staircase, almost perpendicu- 
lar, crosses the ravine in the face of a lofty cascade, 
having a huge well at its base, of unknown depth, 
into which the water plunges with great noise and 
violence. Again, over another fall is formed a beau- 
tiful rainbow. Another place is filled with deep 
pools, and another has a sloping water-way of 
smoothly worn rock, down which the stream rushes 
with force literally overwhelming and irresistible. 



88i SHORT- TRIP G UIDE. 

Says a late writer, of coming out from tlie Glen : 
" Directly below us is the village, with its straight 
avenues and streets and an abundance of shrub- 
bery and trees. Stretching away for thirty miles in 
front is the Seneca, one of the most beautiful lakes 
in the world. Its width at its southern extremity 
is about one mile, and its length thirty-six. At 
some points the width is five or six miles. Some 
of the most noticeable features of this lake are its 
great depth*— in places nearly a thousand feet ; the 
entire absence of islands ; the extreme coldness 
of its waters in summer, and the apparently con- 
tradictory fact that it never freezes, though located 
in a high latitude. The drives over the hills in 
every direction about Watkins are interesting in the 
extreme, and of endless variety. Geneva, one of 
the oldest and most aristocratic villages in Western 
New York, is at the foot of the lake, and can be 
reached by steamboat three times daily. Ithaca, 
the seat of Cornell University, is at the head of 
Cayuga Lake, and is twenty miles east of Watkins, 
over the hills." Hotels at the Glen and vicinity, 
the Glen Parle, Glen Mountain, Lake View, Fall 
BrooTc, and Jejferson. 
Pursuing main route on Erie road, at 
Corning, also on the Chemung, occurs a connec- 
tion with the coal-fields of Pennsylvania, by Corning 
and Blossburg road. Also, branch of Erie road 
runs northward direct to Rochester. 



ROUTE NO. %.— NORTHERN. 6i» 

At Hornellsville the Erie Eailway brandies into 
two main lines, the one leading west, by 

Salamanca [junction with the Atlantic and Great 
Western road, south westward to Oorry and the Oil 
Regions of Pennsylvania] and Dayton, to 

Dunkirk, on Lake Erie, terminus of the Erie 
Railway in that direction, and point of junction with 
the Lake Shore Railroad for Cleveland and Toledo 
(Ohio), Chicago, and other points west and north- 
west. 

The second or northern branch of the ^rie road, 
leaving Hornellsville, runs northwestward by Nunda, 
Portage (with splendid bridge, of great height, and 
fine Fall of the Genesee, called Portage Fall), War- 
saw and Attica, to 

BuFFAiO, on Lake Erie, largest town of Western 
New York, and one of the most important commer- 
cial depots of the Middle States. It only dates from 
the commencement of the century, owing much 
of its rapid early progress to the enterprising and 
unfortunate Benjamin Rathbun, who involved him- 
self fatally in the attempt to make it the Queen of 
the Lakes. It is the point of entrance to the Erie 
Canal, from the Lake, and enjoys an immense 
grain and other shipping trade with the West, by 
steamers and large schooners. It has now not less 
than 40 large grain warehouses, with capacity for 
storing six to eight millions of bushels; has very 
large iron manufactures ; has several public grounds 
— Terrace Park, Niagara, Delaware, Washington, 



90 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Franklin and other squares; has a University, Medi 
cal School, Orphan Asylum, Marine Hospital, &c. ; 
and many of the public buildings, including the 
City Hall, Custom House, Post Office, State Arsenal, 
Market Houses and some of the Churches (the Ro- 
man Catholic Cathedral especially) are worthy the 
attention of even the temporary sojourner. After- 
noon breezes from the Lake, facilities for vrater-excur- 
Bions, proximity to the Canadian shore, &c., make 
Buffalo a charming place of abode during the hot 
season, though the atmosphere is often too damp for 
the health ^f invalids inclined to pulmonary trouble. 
Prominent Hotels, Mansion House, Courier House, 
Western, Oenesee House, Revere House, &c. 

[Buffalo, by rail to Niagara Falls and Suspension 
Bridge, for Canada and the East, or for the "West, 
(See close of previous route). Or, direct to Sarnia, 
Detroit, Chicago, &c, by the Grand Trnnk Railway, 
Or, to Dunkirk and the Lake Shore road thence to 
the West. Or, by Lake steamer to Cleveland and 
other points westward.] 



ROUTE NO. 3 -NORTHERN. 

i\'EW YORK TO SARATOGA, LAKE GEORGE, LAKE 

CHAMPLAIN AKD MONTREAL, WITH OPTION 

OF THE WHITE MOUNTAINS. 

New York to Albany or Troy, as by Northern 
Eoute No. 1. Thence train on the Rensselaer and 
Saratoga Railroad along the Hudson and Mohawk 
Rivers, and with a view in passing of the Falls 
of GohoeSy on the latter, and also of the Erie Canal 
and of Round Lake — to 

Ballston Spa, once the rival of Saratoga as a place 
of medicinal and fashionable resort, and still fre- 
quented by a considerable number of health-seekers, 
though the largest of the hotels, the Sans Souci, has 
long since been converted into a seminary, and the 
tide of summer travel has turned towards the more 
celebrated springs. • Ballston has original advan- 
tages of location over Saratoga, the fine creek or 
small river, the Kayederosseras, flowing through it, 
and materially adding to pleasantness as an abode ; 
and while as a watering-place it will never quite 
decay, it may some day see a return to its old popu- 
larity. From Ballston, half an hour, through very 
flat though well shaded country, to 

Saratoga (better known as " Saratoga Springs") 
— the most fashionable of the American Spas. 



«2 SHORT-TRIP GUTDEL 

Division A. 

AT AND ABOUT SARATOGA. 

This most celebrated of summer resorts on the 
Western Continent, with the possible exception of 
Niagara — has few natural features to produce such 
continued celebrity, its situation being comparatively 
low, its soil sandy, and its climate decidedly hot in 
midsummer. But long care and much expense 
have made its grounds shaded and attractive ; and 
the number and varied character of its springs have 
counterbalanced all opposition and given it a popu- 
larity not likely to lessen during the present centu- 
ry. During the past few years, speculation (not to 
call it by any worse name), has joined with liberal en- 
terprize in providing extraordinary attractions, in 
the shape of 

The Race- Course absorbing attention during a 
certain number of days of the season, and presenting 
some of the worst features of the English turf, in the 
way of high betting ; and 

TJie Play-House^ in imitation of Baden-Baden and 
. Hombourg, with the addition of being owned and 
managed by an Honorable M. C. Another and more 
meritorious feature is 

Tlie Leland Opera House, near and attached to 
the Union Hotel, and affording splendid opportuni- 
ties for concerts, grand balls and other festivals, 
, more pleasant to the sojourners than (it is to be 
feared) profitable to those providing the accommoda- 



ROUTE NO. Z.— NORTHERN. ^ 

tion. Of course the principal source of popularity 
and profit has been found in 

The Springs, of which the whole number must 
approach twenty, very different in character, while 
upon two or three of them has been concentrated, 
until lately, nearly the whole popularity giving 
patronage to the group. The waters of the Congress 
lead the list, now, instead of monopolizing as they 
once did: they are bottled extensively and sent 
everywhere, as well as consumed unlimitedly at the 
Spring. After them, of late, have come the Em- 
pire, pressing close upon the Congress as an arti- 
cle of commerce ; and no small amount of popularity 
in the same line is being attained by those of the 
High Rock (held to be specially strong and medici- 
nal), the Hathorn, the Constitution, &c., — while the 
lo^iney the GolumMan and others command exten- 
sive home-consumption. The virtual " Pump-Eoom'* 
of Saratoga, meanwhile, has been and continues in 
the Congress Spring, most picturesequely located 
and best kept, and with fine grounds near to add to 
its attraction. 

[Saratoga suffered very severely by fire in 1865 
and 1866, two of the oldest and largest of the hotels, 
the United States and Congress Hall, almost as 
truly features of the place as the Springs themselves, 
and endeared by a thousand recollections as well as 
made classic by Willis' charming sketches, going 
down in those years. Both of them have since been 
rebuilt, however, with enlarged accommodation ; the 



«4 anORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

additions have been numerous; and though there 
have been supplementary fires among the hotels, in 
1871 and 1874, there is no fear whatever of Saratoga 
permanently suffering from deficiency of hotel ac- 
commodation. 

[The hint is worth something, to strangers — that 
the most delightful time for visiting Saratoga is to 
be found later than the full season — say in Septem- 
ber and early October, when the climate is delicious, 
and when the loveliest sunsets of the world (finer 
than the Italian) can be enjoyed from the hills 
just northward.] 

Excursions from Saratoga ai'e not many or remark- 
ably varied. The most popular is found in the after 
noon ride to the Lake, three miles distant — a hand- 
some forest-girded bit of water, with fine facilities 
for boating and fishing, and with Moon's and 
Abell's "Lake Houses" to supply entertainment tc 
visitors. With this ride is often combined a visit to 
Barliydfs Mill, on the road — also made classic by 
Willis. Another excursion, generally made, is that 
to the Battle Field of Stillwater — scene of Sir John 
Burgoyne's surrender to Genl. Gates in 1777. 

Prominent Hotels at Saratoga, Grand Union, Con- 
, gress Hall, United States, Clarendon, &c. 

Divisio7i B, 

SARATOGA TO AND AT LAKE GEORGE. 

The route from Saratoga is by cars of the Saratoga 
and Washington Railroad, to 



ROUTE NO. ^.—NORTHERN. 95 

Fort Edward, on the Hudson — site of one of the 
old fortifications of the French and Indian War 
period, but now a thriving village, with picturesque 
river- scenery. At Fort Edward branch rail is taken 
to 

Glenn^s Falls (often called simply " Glenn's"), a 
village also picturesquely situated on the Hudson, at 
a pass of the river through rocks of terrible wildness, 
with a broken fall, at and around which Cooper laid 
the scene of a part of the ''Last of the Mohicans." 
Glenn's Falls has also large lime manufactures. 
Here stage is taken for Lake George, over a moun- 
tain road aflFording scenery of equal beauty and 
grandeur, forming fit introduction to the Lake. 
Half way between Glenn's and the Lake is passed 

Bloody Pond, scene of the defeat of Col. Williams 
by the French and Indians under Baron Dieskau, 
and slaughter of all his force, in 1755, (luring the 
old French wars, and of which the name is said to 
have been derived from the literal filling of the pond 
with bodies on that occasion. Shortly after leaving 
Bloody Pond, and on emergence from the forest on 
high ground, is enjoyed one of the most magnificent 
views supplied by the Western Continent, in the 
beautiful " Horicon " (Indian name of Lake George) 
its islands and mountain bordering*. 

Caldwell, south end of the Lake, is the spot where 
the traveller is set down by the coach; and here 
and near are located some of the most enjoyable of 
the hotels welcoming visitors 



»« SHORT-TRIP OUIDE. 

Rowing, Sailing, and Fishing on Lake George aw 
privileges not to be ignored : the more enjoyable for 
the wonderful clearness of the water, which often 
allows the bottom to be seen at twenty or thirty feet, 
and which won for it from the French the name of 
"Le Lac du St. Sacrament" and induced the carry- 
ing of the water to great distances for baptismal 
purposes. The variety of fish caught — trout, perch, 
pike, &c., commends it to the special favor of sports- 
men. It is while on the water, too, that the beauti- 
ful panorama of the Lake, with its islands and en- 
circling mountains, admitted to be among the finest 
on the globe, can best be enjoyed. 

The Old Forts must command a certain degree of 
attention from the visitor to Lake George, combin- 
ing, as they do, historical interest with their loca- 
tion. Of Fort William Henry, the small traces of 
embankment remaining lie immediately beside the 
Hotel of the same name, from in front of which the 
best views are commanded and the steamboat em- 
barkations on the Lake are made. Of Fort George,, 
half a mile eastward, considerable portions of the 
crumbling walls yet present themselves, half buried 
by earth and overgrown with trees. Leading hotels 
at Lake George, the Lake House and Fort William 
Henry. * 

[From Lake George may be visited, by stage- 
wagon or other conveyance, Schroon Lake a small 
wild, picturesque sheet of water, lying north-west- 
ward ; and thence, the lower part of the 



ROUTE NO. Z.—NOBTEEBN. 97 

Adirondack Mountains among the boldest and 
most interesting chains of the East, and of late 
years very popular as resoi'ts for pleasure-seekers and 
health-seekers who have no objection to " campin- - 
out" and "roughing" it a little. Particulars of 
special routes, hest obtained of those who manage 
the conveyances; as all other information on such 
partially-opened lines, must be more or less unreli- 
able and risky.] 

Leaving Caldwell for the passage northward, a 
small steamer is taken ; and the entire passage to 
Ticonderoga, about 35 miles, is one of the most 
charming in any land, affording otherwise unattain- 
able views of the surrounding mountains and the 
almost countless islands of the little body of water 
so favored, the actual number of which is said to 
reach nearly or quite three hundred. Among the 
most notable of these in this part of the Lake, are 
Diamond Island, Burgoyue's military depot in 1777; 
Long Island, north of Diamond ; Twelve 3file Is- 
land:, near Bolton. Not far beyond the latter, 
Tongue Mountam thrusts itself out into the Lake 
to a great distance (whence the name), forming a 
part of the Narroios, entered just beyond, under the 
shadow of Blach Mountain, the highest peak of the 
lake-shore. North of the Narrows comes Sahhath 
Day Point, a strip of low, cultivated land, so named, 
as alleged, by Genl. Abercrombie, from a Sunday 
morning embarkation of troops made there. Not 
far beyond, passing the bold headland of Rogers^ 



88 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Slide, are passed Prisoners' Island, used as a place 
of military confinement by the English during the 
old French war; and Lord Howe's Point, where 
that English general landed to make his attajck on 
Ticonderoga. Directly beyond comes an insignificant 
/landing, at which concludes the beautiful sail on 
Lake George, and the tourist enjoys a three mile 
ride, often in a rough wagon instead of a stage-coach, 
oyer a rough road that still seems to be unobjection- 
able and in keeping with the journey, to the ruins of 
"Ticonderoga. 

Division C. 

TICOl!TDEROGA BY LAKK CHAMPLAIIT TO 

MONTREAL. 

Crossing from Lake George, by stage-coach oi 
wagon, as above. 

Fort Ticonderoga will be found only a ruin, with 
one gable remaining to show its original height. It 
was first constructed by the French, about 1756, but 
derives its principal interest from the peculiar mode 
of its summons to surrender by the madcap Vermon- 
ter, Ethan Allen, in 1775, the formula being : " In 
the name of the Continental Congress and the Great 
Jehovah !" It was soon retaken by the British, how- 
ever, and held during the war. [From Ticonderoga 
detour may be made to Grown Point, another place 
of revolutionary interest, taken at nearly the same 
time ; and thence may be reached most conveniently 
by wagon and on foot, Lake Sanford, Lake Mender- 



ROUTE NO. Z.— NORTHERN. » 

«o», and beyond the famous Indian Pass and the 
great peaks of the Adirondack Mountains ; Tah- 
<iwu8, or Mount Marcy, Mount Mclntyre, the Dial 
Mountain^ etc.] 

At the wharf at Ticonderoga, to continue main 
route northward, steamer on Lake Champlain is 
taken ; and thenceforth, in fine weather, is found 
a sail of many hours, not often equaled in enjoy- 
ment. Besides the towns and hamlets studding the 
shores, there are special points of interest on the 
Lake in the shape of singular rocks and islands, of 
which the most notable, below, may be mentioned as 
Split Rock, an immense mass of ironstone, half an 
acre in extent, split away from the main only about 
twelve feet ; the Four Brothers, small islands always 
haunted and half covered with noisy gulls, like Ailsa 
Craig; Juniper Island and Rock Dundee, both 
masses of rocks rising to the height of over 30 feet. 
It is not in these particulars, however, that lies the 
chief charm of sailing on noble Champlain (130 miles 
in length, and width varying from ^ mile to 13 : 
area covered, about 500 sq. miles). That principal 
charm lies in the presence of a noble range of moun- 
tains at either side : at the right, the Oreen Moun- 
tains of Vermont, among the highest in Eastern 
America ; on the left, at greater distance, the equally 
noble range of the Adirondacks. 

Landings are made, on the right, at 

BuRLiinGTGN, Vermont, one of the largest and 
most important towns in the State, with a Univer- 



100 anORTTRIP GUIDE. 

sitj, many fine buildings, manufactures., and a great 
concentration of railway, steamboat and stage-coach 
routes. At Burlington are also enjoyed, as from the 
Lake approaching it, fine views of the two highest 
peaks of the Green Mountains, Mt. Mansfield and 
CameVs HumiJ. Hotels, the American, &c. 

[At Burlioigton, rail may be taken, by those who 
prefer, by *S'/. Allan's and St. John^s, direct to 
Montreal. See Division D, following.] 

Continuing from Burlington by boat, the Lake is 
crossed, north-westward, to 

Plattshurg, thriving town of New York, lying on 
the west shore, and scene of the land-aud-naval 
battle between the English and Americans, in Sep- 
tember, 1814, won for the latter by General Macomb 
and Commodore McDonough. Hotel : FouqueVs. 

[From Plattshurg may be visited 

Eeeseville, a thriving town of Essex County ; and 
thence the Au Sable River, the Saranac Lakes, and 
the great fishing and pleasure grounds of the 

North ern A dirond ack Mountains. For either, 
and especially for the latter, stage is taken at Keese- 
ville, and special routes traced out through particu- 
lar information locally derived. For any extended 
advance into the mountains, however, certain pro- 
visions, conveniences and changes of clothing must 
be provided, after taking the special local advice 
above noted, and before leaving the towns on the 
shores of Lake Champlain, for the absolute wilder 
ness lying behind them.] 



ROUTE NO. t.—NOBTHEBN. 101 

Continuing from Plattsburg by boat, final landing 
is made at 

Bouse^s Point, also on the western shore of the 
Lake, and unimportant except for this transit and 
the fact that ifc lies at the very border of the Do- 
minion of Canada. 

From Eouse's Point, by rail, to SL Jolm'fi and to 
MoiirTREAL, (For description, &c., see p. 347.) 

Division D. 

TICOKDEROGA TO MONTREAL BY BOAT AND RAIL. 

As by previous route (Division 0) to 

Burlington, Vermont. At Burlington leave Cham- 
plain boat and take rail of the Vermont Central road 
to 

8t. -4 ZJaw's, Vermont, one of the handsomest towns 
in the State, lying near Lake Champlain, with fine 
scenery, many noble buildings, considerable popu- 
larity as a summer-resort, an immense butter-and- 
cheese market, and a historical celebrity on account 
of the "raid" made upon it, from Canada, on the 
19th of October, 1864, by the Confederate refugees 
then resident in the Dominion. Principal hotel, 
the Wflden House. [Railway connection from 
St. Alban's, by the Missisquoi road, to Sheldon, 
and the Missisquoi Springs, popular hygienic 
resort.] 

From St. Alban's, by rail, by St. John's to Mon- 
treal. (See p. 247.) 



108 SHORT-TRIP QUIDS. 

Division E. 

SARATOGA TO MONTEEAL, BY RAIL. 

Leave Saratoga by Saratoga and Washington road^ 
(as by Division B,) to 

Whitehall, New York, at the southern end of 
Lake Champlain — town of age, and much import- 
ance in connection with the lumber trade and the 
extensive transportation through the Champlain 
Canal, commencing at that point, from the Lake to 
Albany. [Point of departure of steamboats on 
Lake Champlain, for Northern New York, Vermont 
or New Hampshire Mountains, or Canada, — for those 
coming up directly from New York or other more 
southerly points, by Albany or Troy. See Divi- 
sions C and D, pp. 99 and 101,] 

Continuing by rail from Whitehall, and entering 
the State of Vermont, through the great marble- 
quarry region of that State; by Castleton, virtual 
centre of that trade ; to 

Rutland, thriving and handsome town, with 
railway connections in all directions, pleasant loca- 
tion, and fine mountain-and-valley scenery, as well 
as much productive industry. Hotel, the Bates 
Rouse. 

From Rutland, by Middlehury and minor stations, 
to Burlington (see that place in Division C, p. 99). 
Burlington, by Vergennes and minor stations, to St. 
Alban's (see that place in Division D, p. 101). St. 
Alban's to St John's and Montreal. (See p. 247.) 



ROUTE NO. Z.— NORTHERN. 102« 

Division F. 

FAYOEITE TOURIST EOUTE FROM NEW YORK TO 
MONTREAL. 

New York, by Central Kail Eoad, Day Boat or 
x^^ight Boat, to Albany or Troy (see Route 1, 
Division A, page 62). Albany or Troy to Sara- 
toga, Lake George, and take Champlain boat at 
Ticonderoga, as by Eoute 3, Divisions A, B and C, 
pp. 91 to 99. Or, Albany or Troy to Saratoga (omit- 
ting Lake George) ; thence rail to Whitehall and 
take Champlain steamer there. By boat on Lake 
Champlain to Burlington, and thence rail by St 
Alban's and St. John's to Montreal ; or by boat to 
Burlington, Plattsburg and Rouse's Point, and 
thence rail by St. John's to Montreal. (See p. 247.) 

Division G. 

EASTERN-STATES ALL-RAIL ROUTE FROM NEW YORK 
TO MONTREAL. 

New York to New Haven, Hartford and Spring- 
field, as by Route No. 4, Division A, pp. 103 to 
106. Springfield, by Connecticut River and con- 
necting roads, to 

Belloivs Falls, railway-centre of importance on 
the Connecticut River, with connections eastward 
to Boston, &c. Thence to 

White River Junction, another railway-centre with 
equally important connections, at the intersection of 



1026 SHORT-TRIP QUID HI, 

the Connecticut and White Kivers. Thence to St. 
Allan's, St. John's and Montkeal. (See p. 247.) 

jjivisio'fi Jd. 

HINTS FOB RETUKNING SOUTHWAKD. 

As stated in many other places in this volume, it 
is a matter of policy, always, in returning from one 
of two points to another, to vary the route from that 
selected in going, unless special reasons require 
passing over the same ground. And in no direction 
does this require more closely to be borne in mind, 
than, say, between New York and the Canadian 
cities; the routes being so many and all so interest- 
ing, that no choice supplying variety can well be 
amiss, if time or other circumstance does not pre- 
vent. The reminder need scarcely be added, that, 
all the preceding routes being marked out as going 
northioard^ for proceeding southward any one of 
them necdrf simpiy to be reversed. 



ROUTE HO. 4-E ASTERN. 

STEW YORK TO BOSTON", BY NEW HAVEN. HAETFORD, 

ANL» SPRINGFIELD (RAIL) ; BY PROVIDENCE 

(rail) ; BY NEWPORT, NEW LONDON OR 

STONINGTON (SOUND-BOAT). 

Division A. 

BY BAIL, BY SPRINGFIELD. 

Leav« New York by morning express of ISTew 
Huyea Railroad, by 'William's Bridge (point of 
divergence of the New York and Harlem road), 
by several unimportant stations (with occasional and 
pleasant views of Long Island Sound, at the right), 
lo Stamford, Darien and Norwalk (Connecticut), 
(the latter the scene of a serious accident, train run- 
ning into the River, at the Bridere, manv years 
since) ; then by other unimportant stations, to 

Bridgeport^ on Long Island Sound, large and im- 
portant manufacturing town, especially in the de- 
tail of Sewing Machines, of which two of the largest 
factories in the world, the "Wheeler & Wilson, and 
Howe, are located here. Also, point of intersection 
of lines of railway leading to the manufacturing in- 
terior of Connecticut (Housatonic and Naugatuck) ; 
and old residence of the celebrated showman, P. T, 
Barnum. Bridgeport to 



104 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

New Havex, also on Long Islund bound (lines 
of steamers to and from New York) ; one of the 
most import int towns of the East, and seat of Yale 
College, as well as noted for tlie shaded beauty of its 
streets and the ))pculiar magnificence of its elm,-tree 
avenues, the latter feature giving it the name of the 
"Elm City." New Haven is well worthy of a so- 
journ for examination. The first point of interest 
is of course to be found in the College Buildings, of 
which there are some fifteen, with a remarkable 
air of antiquity, for America (the College founded in 
1700) ; the College Green, or Campxis, with Chapel, 
and fine old Churches; the State House, an impos- 
ing edifi:ce, of marble, recently completed; the Fine 
Art Buildiyig and Trumbull Gallery, in the latter of 
which are the original fine historical pictures by 
Colonel Trumbull (Washington, etc.) j the recently 
built City Hall, etc. Some interesting Monuments 
are to be found in the Grove Street Cemetery; among 
others those of Roger Sherman, founder of Rhode 
Island, Noah Webster, Pierrepont Edward?, the poet 
Hillhouse, etc.; and in the Campus, tomb of the 
regicide Whalley. Excursions from New Haven to 
East Roch, Savin Rock, Wallingford, &c. [Con- 
nection, by rail, to 

MiDDLETOWN, flourishing town, with manufac- 
tures, seat of Wesleyan University. Industrial 
School, State Insane Asylum, Berkeley Divinity 
School, &c. Opposite Middletown, Portland, with 
great brown-stone quarries.] 



ROUTE NO. 4:.— EASTERN. 10& 

Prominent hotels at New Haven, the New Haven 
Souse, Tontine, Tremont, &c. 

Resuming rail, on the New Haven, Hartford and 
Springfield road, and now running northward, away 
from the Sound— passing Wallingford, Meriden 
(great Brittaniawai*e and other metallic manufactory) 
and other stations of less importance, is reached 

Hartford, on the Coauecdcuc River, a large 
town with much heauty of location, large manufac- 
turing interests, and lately selected as the sole seat 
of govfrnment of the State. (Reached by steam- 
ers from New York). It has an educational institu- 
tion of eminence, known as Trinity College ; the Con- 
necticut Historical Society / the Wai/ci?ison Lihary^ 
with rare books, pictures and slutuary; Wadsirorth 
Atheneum, etc.; and among the handsome buildings 
of the town are the Deaf and Dumb Asylum, Retreat 
for the Insane, Hospital, etc. The Charter Oak 
(place of hiding of the old Connecticut Charter from 
a tyrannical Governor) long one of the boasts of 
Hartford, blew down in 1856 ; but the place where 
it stood is still shown by a slab. Among present 
curiosities are the late Col. Coifs Fire-Arms Manu- 
factory, the house occupied by the late Mrs. Sigour- 
ney, the poetess, etc. There are also many pictur- 
esque short excursions from Hartford, the most 
prominent among them being those to Talcott 
Mountain, Wethersfield, Prospect Hill, &c. Leading 
hotels, Allyn House and United States. 

Beyond Hartford, pasing Windsor, and Windsoir 



10 1; SEOBT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Locks (water power^ and important manufactures), 
and other minor stations, is reached 

Springfield, Massachusetts, also lying on the 
Connecticut River, one of the most important towns 
of the State, and peculiarly notable for its diversity 
of railway communication. [Connection, here, east- 
ward to Boston and we&tward to Albany, by the 
Boston and Albany road; southward to Hartford, 
New Haven and New York, by the New Haven, 
Hartford and Spriugfield ; northward to the White 
Mountains of New Hampshire, to Vermont and 
Canada, by the Connecticut River and other inter- 
secting roadsj . A prominent source of prosperity as 
well as object of interest is the United States Arse- 
nal and Arms Manufactory, the largest in America, 
located here, furnishing extensive employment and 
supplying the celebrated " Springfield Rifle." (Writ- 
ten of by Mr. Longfellow, in one of his finest poems, 
"The Arsenal at Springfield.") It has also other 
and important manufactures — especially of carri- 
ages ; handsome public grounds, in the Cemetery, 
Hampden ParJc, &c. ; and is considered one of the 
most charming places of residence in the East. 
Prominent hotels, the Ilassasoit, Cooley's, &c. 
From Springfield, by Palmer, direct to 
WoKC ESTER, another of the large and important 
towns of Massachusetts, with extensive manufactures 
and even more numerous i-ailway connections than 
Springfield. [Westward, by Boston and Albany road 
(Western) to Springfield and Albany, and Spring- 



BOUTE NO. i.— EASTERN. 107 

field, New Haven and New York. Eastward, bj 
Boston and Worcester, to Boston. Northward, by 
Worcester and Nashua, to the White Mountains and 
Canada. Southward, by Norwich and Worcester, to 
New London, and Shore Line road and line of 
steamers to New York. South-eastward, by Wor-** 
cester and Providence, to Providence, Newport, &c.] 
It has some fine public buildings, among which may 
be mentioned the State Z/unatic Asylum, Mechanici 
Hall, building of the American Antiquarian Society ^ 
&c., and divides with Springfield pre-eminence in the 
manufacture of railway and other carriages. Lead- 
ing hotel, the Bay State. 

From Worcester, by Grafton, Framingham, Na- 
tich (home of TJ. S. Senator Wilson) West Newton,. 
Brighton and other minor stations, direct to 

Boston". [See ahead — '' At and about Boston."] 

Division B. 
BY KAIL, BY PEOVIDENCE (SHORE LINE). 

Leave New York by 12.15 P. M. express of the 
New Haven Eailroad. (May leave by night-express, 
but at sacrifice of scenery). Take tickets by " Shore 
Line," as distinguished from those by "Springfield;" 
and be sure that Shore Line carriage is taken. To 
Nevo Haven, as from Springfield route preceding. 

From New Haven, due east (New Haven, New 
London, and Stonington road) along or near the 
shore of the Sound, with closer and still finer views- 



108 SHORT- TBIP O UIDE 

than those before reaching New Haven — by Guil- 
ford, Madison, Clinton &c., to 

Crossing of tJie Connecticut Miver, at Lyme. 
(At Saybrook Junction, near, connection by "Valley 
road, south to Sayhroolc, north to Middlctowny &c.) 
* By S. Lyme, and E. Lyme, Waterford, &c., to 

JSTew London, at the mouth of the Thames River 
— a sea-port of some importance, and formerly depot 
of one of the great whaling-fleets, before the late 
decay of that trade. [Line of large and fine steamers 
from and to New York, every evening: communi- 
cating by rail to and from Boston, by Norwich and 
Worcester.] Harbor considered one of the finest 
on the Atlantic coast, and defended by splendid for- 
tifications. Fort TrumhuU being the principal, below 
the city and at the right, towards mouth of the 
harbor. New London, an attractive place of resort 
and residence in many respects, has a peculiar and 
melancholy interest as having been long the business 
place of Benedict Arnold, the traitor, whose sign 
over one of the old shops is still pointed out. The 
principal public buildings, worth notice, are the 
Custom House, Court House, Female Academy, &c 
At the mouth of the harbor the Pequot House is a 
very attractive place of summer sea-side resort. 

From New London the Thames is crossed by ferry 
boat (part of train carried over, with through-passen- 
gers, and lunch on boat) to Groton, on the opposite 
bank— for some years the depot of another steam- 
boat line between New York and Boston, now 



ROUTE NO. i.~E ASTERN. 109 

abandoned. Groton, by rail, still witliiu ireqaeuc 
sight of the Sound, to Mystic, somewhat famous for 
wooden-ship building, and 

Stonington, Connecticut, Sound port of some im- 
portance, lying at the mouth of river of same name. 
[Line of large steamers to and from New York, 
every evening : communicating by rail to and from 
Boston, by Providence.] Stonington, by Westerly 
and other stations, including 

Wichford [railroad and steamboat communication 
direct to Newport, in connection with trains] ; and 

East Greenwich [old steamboat route to Newpoet 
In connection with trains] — to 

Provideitce, capital of the State of Ehode Island, 
and one of the principal towns of the Eastern States. 
It lies on Providence River, extending from Narra- 
gansett Bay ; has much beauty in location and enor- 
mous wealth in buildings and the appointments of 
residents ; manufactures very extensively, in engines, 
heavy machineriea, cottons, prints, jewelries, &c.; 
and has nearly two hundred and fifty years of anti- 
quity since its foundation by Roger Williams, when 
driven from the colony of Massachusetts Bay on 
account of his religious opinions. It is the seat of 
Brown University, a literary institution of the first 
eminence, with a large and valuable library ; and is 
also noted for the number and excellence of its 
public schools. The two handsomest public build- 
ings in the town are the Rhode Island Hospital and 
the Custom House ; though there are very many 



1 10 SHORT- TRIP G UIDE. 

fine edifices connected with the numerous public 
charities of the city, among whicli may be named 
the Reform School, i\iQ Dexter Asylum for the Poor^ 
Butler Hospital for the Insane, Home for Aged Wo- 
meoi, &c. It lias also several imposing churches, 
banks and other edifices ; and Swan Point Ceme- 
tery, Narragansett Park, and other public grounds 
deserve visit and notice. The Soldier^ and Sailor^ 
Monument, recently erected, is also worthy of notice. 
Leading hotels, the City Hotel, and Aldrich House. 

[Railway communication with Boston, by Boston 
and Providence road ; with Worcester, by Providence 
and Worcestei' ; with Hartford, by Hartford, Provi- 
dence & Fishkill; wita Newport, by Providence and 
Newport; with New London, by Stonington and 
Providence, &c.; with New York, by road just trav- 
ersed, and by lines of steamers from Fall Eiver and 
Newport, &c.], 

[Pawtucket, near Providence, is the seat of heavy 
manufactures, and of the first cotton-mill ever built 
in America.] 

Providence, by Pawtucket, Attleboro, Mansfield, 
Foxboro, Readville, &c., to 

Boston. 

Division C. 

BY BOAT, BY NEWPORT OR FALL RIVER. 

Leave New York, 5 P. M., daily (except late au- 
tumn, winter, and early spring, wben the hour is 4 
P. M. — see bills at hotels) by boats of the Narragan- 



ROUTE NO. L— EASTERN. Ill 

sett Steamship Company, by Long Island Sound, for 
Newport or Fall Kiver as may be preferred. This 
route, as well as the other Sound routes about to be 
named, affords not only a delightful sail, in the cus- 
tomary fine weather of summer, but conveys a better 
idea than can otherwise be attained, of the size and 
magnificence of the vessels employed in this transit. 
Leaving the pier and proceeding past the whole line 
of the city, then past the islands lying in the Sound 
or East Kiver, and up the Sound itself, — unequalled 
opportunities are enjoyed for observing the water- 
front of the city, the extent of the penal and bene- 
volent institutions on BlackwelVs Island, Randall's 
Island, Ward's Island, &c., the rocky dangers of 
Hdl Gate, the attractive scenery of the river shores 
(Long Island on the right ; New York or Manhattan 
Island on the left) ; the extensive fortifications guard- 
ing that approach to the city, in Fort Schuyler, at 
Throg's Neck, etc. — daylight lasting, in the warm 
season, until all these points of interest are passed, 
and the remainder of the course up the Sound offer- 
ing few attractions other than those of a marine 
character. 

At an early hour in the morning is reached 
the end of the route by Sound, and place of debar- 
kation for those who wish to vist the watering-place 
and afterwards proceed thence to Boston by rail, — 
in 

Newport, one of the largest and most important 
towns of Rhode Island, and one of the most cele- 



lia mOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

brated and fashionable of American sea-side resorts, 
for the past quarter of a century or longer. It lies 
on Narragansett Bay, at near the entrance from Long 
Island Sound, and boasts a harbor of peculiar beauty 
as well as one of a depth of water almost unequalled. 
It has a fine bathing-beach, markedly safe, within 
short-riding-distance of the principal hotels ; and at 
greater distance are to be found and visited the re- 
markable groups of rocks known as Paradise, JPur- 
gatoty, the Hanging Rocks, etc. The Glen, the 
Spouting Horn, Lily Pond and the Dumpling Rocks, 
are also places of much picturesque interest to visit- 
ors and residents ; while at some ten miles distant, 
south-eastward, lie Seconnet Point and West Island, 
the latter supplying the very best sea-shore-fishing 
on the American coast. Fort Adams, at near the 
mouth of the harbor, is one of the largest and strong- 
est fortifications in the North ; and the ride to it» 
from the town, is one of the afternoon features of 
Newport life. Another peculiarity of Newport is the 
fine sailing in and about the harbor, securing the 
constant presence of yachts, and many regattas 
during the season, on a more or less extensive scale. 
And yet another is to be found in the wide extent of 
lawned and terraced bluff, overlooking the sea, where 
are located an immense number of summer-cottages 
of the wealthy, giving a higher tone to the prevalent 
hotel-life, even while moderating and to some degree 
lessening it. One marked object of interest is to be 
found at Newport — the Round Tower, alternately 



ROUTE NO. A:.— EASTERN. 113 

oalled a 2i(orse remain and a wind-mill, but around 
vrhich Longfellow, adopting the former belief, wove 
his marvellously beautiful poem, the "Skeleton in 
Armor." There are also some patriotic erections and 
antiquities of interest : among the structures the old 
State House, Commodore Perry's House, the Vernon 
Mansion, the First Baptist Church (1638), the Perry 
Monument, &c. ; and of minor antiquities, Franhlin's 
Printing Press (now or late in the oflBce of the 
Newport Mercury newspaper), the ancient Chair of 
State of the Colony, etc. Of modern buildings of 
merit, the number is considerable. Newport has the 
additional celebrity of having been the birth-place of 
Gilbert Stuart, the painter, Malbone, the miniature- 
painter, and Commodore Perry ; and Cooper flung 
round it a romantic interest as the opening scene 
of the "Red Eover." Leading Hotels: the Ocean 
House, Atlantic^ United States, and Perry. 

[Above Newport, within convenient riding or sail- 
ing distance, lies the fine eminence of Mount Hope, 
with interesting reminiscences of the Indian King 
Philip, and splendid views over Narragansett Bay> 
the city, harbor, &c.] 

[Newport to Boston, by rail, by Fall River and 
connection with the Old Colony road, or by Provi- 
dence.] 

If not wishing to stop at Newport, and still pro- 
ceeding to Boston, on some New York steamer 
from which debarkation has before been supposed, 



114 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the route will be pursued by remaining on boat until 
its next and finiil landing, at 

Fall Eivbr, a thriving manufacturing town on 
Taunton River, eastern branch of Narragansett Bay, 
within the State of Massachusetts though near 
the Rhode Island border. Peculiarly noted for 
works in machinery, iu heavy irons, and in cottons 
and prints. [Communication with Newport and 
Providence by boat and rail.] Mount Hope, before 
alluded to, is iu view from Fall River and may be 
most conveniently reached from this point; and the 
bridge connecting Rhode Island (island! and the 
main land is near, at Tiverton. 

Fall River to Boston, by rail of the Old Colony 
Road. 

Division D. 

BY BOAT, BY NEW LONDON, NORWICH & WOR018TEB. 

Leave New York, 5 P. M., by boats of the 
Norwich and Worcester Line, on the Sound, 
the route displaying precisely the same fea- 
tures as that before named, (except that the run by 
sea is shorter and less exposed in rough weather, and 
that rail is taken at an earlier hour) to 

New London [see previous description.] 

New London, by rail on the Norwich and Wor- 
cester road, to 

Norwich, very old and handsome small town of 
Connecticut, picturesquely situated at the head of 
navigation of the river Thames, with its steep street! 



ROUTE NO. 4..— EASTERN. 115 

literally lying on terraces, but many manufactures, 
much commercial prosperity, and no small number 
of old buildings recalling the early historic days of 
the State. 

From Norwich, still by rail of the Norwich and 
Worcester road— by Plainfield [junction, for Provi- 
dence, Newport, &c.], by Putnam, Webster, Worcks- 

TBB, &c., to Boston". 
« 

Division E. 

BY BOAT, BY STOISTINGTON" AND PROVIDENCE. 

Leave New York, 5 P. M., by boats of the Stoning- 
ton Steamboat Company, on the Sound, with same 
features as those of two previous routes, though less 
extensive in sea- voyage than that to Newport, and 
longer than that to New London — to 

Stonington", Connecticut (before referred to in 
Shore-Line route by rail), at mouth of Stonington 
river, near the Sound, 

Stonington by Providence, by rail, with same 
features shown in that division of the Shore-Line 
rail route, to Boston. 

Division F. 

at and about boston, with EXCimSIONS. 

Boston, Capital of the State of Massaclmsetts, one 
of the largest, most influential and handsomest of 
the cities of America, and in many regards the most 



lie SHORT-TRIP QXJIDB. 

remarkable of all — lies at the extreme western point 
of Massachusetts Bay, where that body of water is 
entered by the Charles River; and most of the old 
city is erected on a peninsula of several hundred acres, 
extending up from Roxbury, at the south, and curved 
around by the wide mouth of the Charles River, 
which thus divides from it Gmribridge on the west, 
Charlestown on the north, and Chelsea and East 
Boston on the east. All these form parts of the 
present city, however, by means of different bridges 
spanning the river mouth and edge of the harbor ; 
and the result is that Boston seems from some poin ts 
of view to be almost as completely a "City of the 
Sea " as Venice. Northeast of it, at some miles dis- 
tance, the bold headland of N^aliant runs southward 
from the mainland at Lynn, behind Chelsea point, 
adding to the picturesqueness of the whole harbor, 
as well as aiding the several islands {Castle Island, 
fortified by Fort Independence ; Governor's Island, 
Fort Winthrop ; George's Island, Fort Warren ; Deer 
Island, occupied by House of Industry and other 
public buildings; and others, minor in siz*^^ and im- 
portance) in sheltering it from the rough winds of 
the east. An additional feature of the old city, or 
" Boston Proper," is found in three eminences or 
slight hills on and among which it was originally 
built, giving it the name of the " Tri-Moniane City," 
and originating the name of "Tremont" so inti- 
mately connected with it. On the highest of these 
stands the State House, the whole city appearing to 



ROUTE NO. ^.—EASTERN. 117 

slope up to it, and the view, on approach, being thus 
rendered peculiarly impressive. 

With reference to transit through and about Bos- 
ton, it may be said that many of the streets, especi- 
ally in the older portions of the town, are crooked 
and involved to a proverb, but that the street-car 
system is very extensive, complete and convenient, 
and that carriage-hire, though high in comparison 
to European, is less exorbitant than in New York. 

Of Streets, the best worth noting are Beacon 
Street, at the top of the Common, the most fashion- 
able ; Tremont Street, at the bottom of the Common, 
blending of fashion and business ; Washington St., 
nearly parallel with the latter, southward, business 
centre; State, Congress, and other streets in the 
neighborhood of the Old State House, financial, law, 
etc. Other and newer streets and avenues, lying on 
the Back Bay, west of the Public Garden, are now, 
however, fashionable ; and here have been erected 
the Coliseums for the two great Musical Jubilees. 

Of Public Grrounds, Boston has two, within the 
city proper, of peculiar prominence : the Common, a 
triangular park of nearly fifty acres, sloping down 
from the State House, handaomely shaded, with a 
Pond or Lake, and in an enclosure near the middle, 
the celebrated Old £'^w called the "Liberty Tree;" 
and the Public Garden, adjoining the Common on 
the West, with a handsome Lake, bridges, floral 
^Falks, and a fine statue of Washington, by Ball. 

Of Antiquities, principally connected with the 



118 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

War of the Eevolution, Boston has many of interest : 
Faneuil Hall, Faneuil Hall Square, otherwise known 
as the " Cradle of Liberty," where early meetings of 
patriots were held (still used for meeting purposes, 
and containing some national portraits) ; the Old 
State House, State Street ; Brattle Street Church, 
Brattle Street (with one of the round shot of the 
Charlestown bombardment still embedded in thefront 
wall ;) Old South Church, corner of Washington and 
Milk Streets ; Ordway Hall, Province House Court, 
once the residence of the Colonial Governors ; Liberty 
Tree, Boston Common; and many others of minor 
consequence. 

Of Public Buildings, deserving attention, are the 
State House (Capitol), Beacon Street, with interest- 
ing military and other memorials, legislative cham. 
berp, etc., within, and splendid and extensive view 
from the roof ; Custom House, foot of State Street ; 
Exchange, State Street (Post Office below) ; Court 
House, Court Square ; City Hall, School Street (colos- 
sal statue of Franklin, in front) ; Massachusetts 
General Hospital, AW&w Street; City Hospital, 'Rarn- 
son Avenue ; Quincy Market, adjoining Faneuil Hall ; 
Boston Public Library, Boylston Street; Masonic 
Temple, corner Tremont and Boylston Streets, etc. 
Other erections of interest, the Boston Water Works 
(Reservoir), Derne Street ; the Bridges, connecting 
the various suburbs with the city proper ; the Wharves 
(Long, India, Central, Commercial, etc.), several of 
them of great extent and the system the best on the 
Continent. 



ROUTE NO. 4:.— EASTERN. 119 

Of Monuments, of course, the first place is taken 
by the Bunker Hill Monument^ on Breed's Hill, site 
of the Eevolutionary battle of the first name. It is 
a plain obelisk of granite, of great height, ascended 
from within, and from the top commanding a most 
extensive and magnificent view. Near it stands the 
Warren Statue, in honor of Dr. Joseph Warren, who 
fell in the battle. In State House, statue of Wash- 
ington, by Chantrey ; and in front of same building, 
bronze statues of Daniel Webster and Horace Mann 
(great Massachusetts organizer of education). In 
front of City Hall, colossal FVanklin, before noticed. 
In Public Garden, equestrian Washington, t>y Thos. 
Ball, also before noticed. 

Ohurchea of prominence : jS^^. Paul's (Episcopal), 
Tremont Street ; Christ Church (date 1722), Salem 
Street ; Old South (date 1730), Washington and 
Milk Streets; Brattle Street (Unitarian — date 1773), 
Brattle Street ; ^m^'s Chapel (Unitarian — date 1750), 
Tremont and School Streets ; Park Street (Congre- 
gational, with finest spire in the city). Park Street, 
facing Tremont; Central (Congregational: consid- 
ered the handsomest in the City), Berkeley and New- 
bury Streets ; Trinity (Episcopal — date 1735), Sum- 
mer and Hawley Streets ; Tremont Temple (general 
devotional) Tremont Street ; Immaculate Conception 
(Roman Catholic), Harrison Avenue, &c., &c. 

In Libraries and Literary Institutions Boston is 
peculiarly rich, the intellectual and educational 
etatua of the City being especially enviable. Among 



120 SHORT-TRIP OUIDE 

the more notable libraries may be mentioned the 
Boston Public Library ; the AthencBum, (with gal- 
lery of paintings and sculpture); the Mercantile; 
American Academy of Arts and Sciences; Natural 
History Society ; Massachusetts Historical Society ; 
State, Law, General Theological, and others. 

Commercial Buildings of much merit in architec- 
ture abound in Boston ; though many of the finest 
on Franklin, Devonshire, Summer, Washington, 
Congress, and other streets, were destroyed in the 
great fire of November, 9-lOth, 1872 — the largest 
ever occurring in America, after that of Chicago, and 
involving the loss of $70,000,000. Boston has won- 
derful powers of recuperation, and great intrinsic 
resources, however; and will soon digplay all its 
former magnificence, with many improvements. 

Principal Theatres, etc. the Boston Theatre (opera- 
house, at intervals), Washington Street; Globe 
Theatre (late Selwyn's), Washington Street ; Boston 
Museum, Tremont Street ; Howard Athenceum, How- 
ard Street ; Music Hall, Winter Street, near Tre- 
mont (with organ of immense size and power, sei- 
cond in the world), etc. Prominent Hotel Build- 
ings (also Hotels): the ^m«?ncaw, Hanover Street; 
Parker, School Street; St. James, Newton Street; 
United States, Beach Street; Tremont, Tremont 
Street ; Revere, Bowdoin Square, etc. 

Excursions from the City, on foot, by horse-car, 
or carriage, include those to Harvard University, 
Cambridge, with 15 buildings, an Anatomical Mu- 



ROUTE NO. 4:.— EASTERN. 121 

seuni, an Observatory, and the first educational rank 
ill thn Western World ; to the Washington Head 
Quarters (now residence of Professor Longfellow, the 
poet.) also at Cambridge, with Tree, under which 
Washington took command of the American forces; 
t< • Mount Auburn Cemetery, four miles from the city, 
with 'I'ower, commanding excellent view; Chapel, 
containing stained windows, busts of Adams, Win- 
throp, Story, &c. ; and Spurzheim, Bowditch, and 
other handsome and attractive monuments in the 
grounds ; to Forest Hill and Mount Hope Cemete- 
ries, Roxbury ; to Woodlawn Cemetery, near Chelsea ; 
to CocMtuate Lake, whence the water-supply for Bos- 
ton is drawn : to Wenham Lake, whence is derived 
most of the American ice-supply for Europe ; to 
Fresh Pond, a place of summer resort near Mount 
Auburn, etc. Those by boat or carriage will include 
Nahant, bold headland on the east of the harbor, 
once a fashionable watering-place, and always cool, 
attractive and pleasant ; Lynn, near Nahant, famous 
as the head of the shoe-manufacture of the world ; 
GJielsea Beach, Swampscott and Phillips' Beach, 
northward of Nahant ; Nantasket Beach, south side 
of the harbor, etc. 

From Boston, also, may be conveniently reached 
[by Boston and Lowell railroad], 

Lowell, large and thriving town on the Merri- 
mac River, at its junction with the Concord. It is 
the largest of the American manufacturing towns, 
and considered the Manchester of the Western 



122 SHORT-rmP GUIDE. 

World, not less than 50 to 60 large mills being em- 
ployed in the manufacture of cottons, prints, woollens, 
etc., and the operative labor reaching to the number 
of from 14,000 to 15,000, a large majority females, of 
rare intelligence for their class. The Pawtuchei 
Falls, near the city, furnish the water-power for all 
the Mills, many of which, with the Palls themselves 
and some of the principal buildings and public 
grounds of the town, are worth examination. Lead- 
ing Hotels ; 1 he Merrimac, Washington, and Ameri- 
can, [Rail connection to Groton for all points 
westward ; to Nashua, for points northward ; to 
Lawrence, eastward, etc.J 

May also be conveniently reached from Boston, 
south-eastward, [Old Colony road], 

Plymouth ("Plymouth Rock"), place of landing 
of the Pilgrim Fathers, with Pilgrims* Hall and 
many interesting relics of the early settlement ; and 

New Bedford, on Vineyard Sound, at the head 
of what remains of the whaling business, and a sea- 
port of picturesque location and prominence ; or [by 
same and Cape Cod railroad], 

Cape Cod, Yarmouth, Hyannis, and all that wild 
and desolate but interesting section of the Atlantic 
coast. 

May also be conveniently reached from Boston, 
(by Eastern railway, by Somerville, South Maiden, 
Chelsea, Lynn and Swampscott), 

Salem, very old town and port on the coast, with 
a certain celebrity on account of the witch-burnings 



ROUTE NO. 4:.— EASTERN. 123 

and other events of Colonial times, and very pictur- 
esque in location and many of its buildings ; but 
much more notable, now, as at one time the residence 
of N"athaniel Hawthorne and scene of his " House of 
the Seven Gables" and other stories. Also (by 
Fitchburg Kailway), 

Concord, on the Concord branch of the Merrimac 
River, noted for beauty of scenery in the neighbor- 
hood, and in connection with the literary labors of 
Henry D. Thoreau, Hawthorne, and others. 

Also may be visited, by steamer from New Bedford, 
Maetha's ViiTEYAED, island oflF the coast, spot 
selected every year in August for the great annual 
Camp-Meeting of the Methodist denomiuation, and 
now becoming a place of popular resort for bathing 
and sea-shore residence, with hotels. (May also be 
reached, direct from New York, by steamer for 
Portland). 



ROUTE NO. 5 -EASTERN. 

ROSTON TO PORTLAND, QUEBEC AND MONTREAL, BY 

'boston and MAINE, EASTERN, AND GRAND 

TRUNK ROADS. 

Division A. 

BOSTON TO AND AT PORTLAND, BY BOSTON AND 
MAINE ROAD. 

Leave Boston by rail on the Boston and Maine 
railroad, by Medford, Melrose, South Reading Junc- 
tion [connection for North Danvers, Georgetown 
and Newhuryporf], Reading, Wilmington Junction 
[connection for Lowell], and minor stations, to 

Lawrence, large manufacturing town of the State 
of Massachusetts, with heavy specialty of cotton and 
prints, lying on the Merrimac River, whence, by 
means of a dam, the important water-power is de- 
rived. Some of the mills are of immense size and 
capacity, employing operators to the number of thou- 
sands. Has a Common, a City Hall, and other build- 
ings worth notice ; and an Operative Library form- 
ing a special feature. [Railway connection with 
Lowell, and thence with Nashua and the North, 
with Boston and the South, &c. ; also Northwest 
with Manchester, Concord, &c.] 

Lawrence by N. Andover, Bradford [connection 
for Georgetown and Newburyport], Haverhill (with 
line long Bridge over the Merrimac to Bradford, and 



ROUTE NO. b.— EASTERN. 126 

some educational institutions of prominence), Atkin- 
son, Newton, &c., to 

ExETEK, New Hampshire, lying on Exeter River, 
and a place of importance in coasting commarce ana 
manufactures ; thence by S. Newmarket to 

Newmarket Jwwc^tow [connection west to Concord 
and the Franconia Range of the "White Mountains ; 
and east to 

PoKTSMOUTH, New Hampshire, on the Piscataqua 
River, second city of the State in importance, with 
a large and very fine harbor ; a United States Navy 
Yard; and a connection, by bridi^e, with Kittery, 
Maine, also an important naval station. From 
Portsmouth can be reached Rye Beach and Hampton 
Beach, attractive bathing-places on the New Hamp- 
shire coast, and the Isles of Shoals, off the coast, 
celebrated fishing and summer resorts.] 

Pursuing the main line, Newmarket Junction, by 
Newmarket, Durham, &c. (within sight of the broad 
Piscataqua) to 

Dover, New Hampshire, thriving town on the 
Piscataqua. [Connection, west, for Al ton Bay, Lake 
Winnepesaukie, and the White Mountains.] 

Dover, by Salmon Falls [connection for Great 
Falls, Rochester, and to Alto?i Bay, &c.] ; by South 
Berwick Junction [connection eastward for Kittery 
and Portsmouth'] j by Wells, Kennebunk, Biddeford, 
Saco (large manufacturing village on the Saco River, 
with extensive water-power and very handsome 
Laurel Hill Cemetery), West Scarboro, Cape Eliza- 
beth, and minor stations, to 



126 8E0BT-TRTP GUIDE. 

PoitTLAND, commercial metropolis of the State of 
Maine, and one of the most important cities of the 
East, lying on a peninsula at the Southwest of Casco 
Bay, with a very handsome and convenient location 
and one of the deepest and best harbors on the At- 
lantic coast. The harbor has many fine islands, and 
is defended by Fort Preble and other extensive forti- 
cations. A great fire, in 1866, destroyed a large por- 
tion of the city, but the marks are now only visible 
in the increased beauty of the well-laid-out and 
handsomely-shaded city. From the Observatory, 
overlooking the harbor, fine views can be caught 
over the sea and coast, and over the distant country. 
West to the White Mountains. The most extensive 
thoroughfare is Congress street, which runs the whole 
distance of the peninsula. Among the most notable 
buildings are the City Hall, Court House, Marine 
Hospital, and some of the churches, manufacturing 
and commercial structures. The Atheneum and 
Mercantile Library have fine libraries; and the 
Natural History Society possesses an excellent cabi- 
net of varied character. Excursions irom Portland 
include the Islands in the Bay ; Cape Elizabeth, a 
favorite bathing and fishing resort on south side of 
tne Bay; Sebago Pond; and many of minor inter- 
est. Prominent Hotels at Portland: iho^ Falmouth, 
Preble, &c. 

[The Allan Lines of steamships between Liver- 
pool and Glasgow, and Halifax, Quebec and Mon- 
treal, make Portland an important depot at all sea- 



ROUTE NO. 5.— EASTERN. 137 

Bons and the port and end of sea-route in the winter 
season.] 

[Kailway connection from Portland southward, 
by route just traversed; to Montreal and Quebec, by 
Grand Trunk (see route following); to Augusta, 
Bangor, Moosehead Lake, &c., by the Maine Central ;. 
to Lake Winnepesaukie and the White Mountains, 
by the North New Hampshire, &c.] 

Division B, 

.BOSTON TO PORTLAND, BY EASTERN RAILROAD. 

Leave Bostop by rail on the Eastern Eailroad, by 

Lynn, important manufacturing town, on the 
upper side of Boston Harbor, with specialty of the 
most extensive shoe-manufacturing in the world; by 

Salem, old town and port on the coast, with an 
important history in colonial times, and interesting 
reminiscences of Hawthorne (see p. 122); by 

Beverlyy celebrated as the home of the peculiar 
New England dish, " baked-beans " (connections 
eastward to Gloucester and Cape Ann) ; by Ipswich ; 
by 

Newburyport, town and coasting-seaport of 
prominence, lying at the mouth of the Merrimac 
River, with a fine harbor and much beauty in loca- 
cation and surroundings, and by many considered 
one of the handsomest towns in Massachusetts. 
Hotel, the Merrimac House. [Connection west for 
Bradford, Lowell, &c.] 



138 SHORTTBIP GUIDE. 

Newburyport to 

Salisbury, small town of age and past importance, 
and with a mingled celebrity as the place where 
many considerable events in colonial history oc- 
curred, of which, and past residents, many inter- 
esting monuments remain in the neighborhood — as 
also as the birthplace of the mother of Daniel Web- 
ster, as that of Caleb Gushing, &c. [Connection 
westward is made from Salisbury to Ameshury, pil- 
grimage of no secondary importance as the home of 
one of the first of American poets, John G. 
Whittier.] 

Salisbury to 

Portsmouth, leading seaport and naval depot, 
belonging to the State of New Hampshire, and the 
only marine port of the State ; lying at the mouth 
of the Piscataqua River, with fine harbor, United 
States Navy Yard, costly dry-docks, and all appur- 
tenances of such a station ; also with some interest- 
ing churches, many fine buildings (some very old — 
among others the Langdon residence), tomb of Sir 
William Pepperell, well shaded streets, and much 
celebrity as a place of summer resort, of itself and 
as a place of departure for Rye Beach, Hampton 
Beach, the Isles of Shoals, and other hot- weather 
habitats. (See p. 125.) Hotels, the Philbrich^ 
Rockingham, City, &c. 

Across the Piscataqua lies the town of 

Kittery, Maine, virtually a part of Portsmouth, 



ROUTE NO. ^—EASTERN. 138a 

though in another State, and forming also a part of 
the naval station. 

Portsmouth to 

Conway Junction (connection westward for Con- 
way and the White Mountains). To 

South Berwick Junction. [Connection with the 
Boston and Maine road, from the southward — iden- 
tical with this route thence by Kennehunh, Biddi- 
ford and Saco to Portland.] (See p. 126.) 

Division 0. 

POBTIiAND TO QUEBEC OR MONTREAL. 

Leave Portland by rail on the Grand Trunk Bail- 
way, by minor stations to' Yarmouth Junction [con- 
nection for Augusta, capital of the State of Maine, 
lying on the Kennebec Kiver ; for Bangor, important 
- town on the Penobscot Eiver ; and for towns and 
sections farther east] ; to Danville Junction [con- 
nection for Bangor, for Showhegan and Moosehead 
Lake'] ; by minor stations to Gorham, at the north- 
ern edge of the White Mountains [important inter- 
sections, by stage-coaches, to and from the mountain 
towns and resorts ; and views of the mountains, in 
fine weather, peculiarly striking, from all this section 
of the road] ; to Island Pond [connection, south- 
westward, with the Connecticut and Passumpsic 
River Railway, from Vermont and Franconia Notch, 
sections] ; to Stanstead [carriage communication 
with Lake Mempbremagog] ; to Sherbrook [another 



1884 BHORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

connection with the Connecticut and Passumpsio 
River line] ; to Richmond [point of divergence of 
the branches of the Grank Trunk road, to Montreal 
and Quebec]. 

Pursuing the route to Montreal: Richmond by 
St. Hyacinthe, St. Brune, St. Hilaire, and other un- 
important stations, to St. Lamhert^ on the St. Law- 
rence River, the Victoria Bridge and Montreal. 

Pursuing the route to Quebec: Richmond by 
Danville, AHJiahasca [connection by Bulstrode, to 
Doucefs Landing, on St. Lawrence River, at lower 
end of Lake St. Peter ; thence by ferry to Tliree 
Rivers, Canada] ; by Becancour, Black River, and 
minor stations, to Chaudiere Junction [connection 
for Riviere du Loup and Lower St. Lawrence] ; to - 
Point Levi, on the St. Lawrence, whence ferry to 
Quebec. 

[For notes of Montreal and Quebec, see Canadian 
routes. ] 



ROUTE NO, 6 -NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 

BOSTON TO LAKE WINIflPESAUKIE, THE WHITE 
MOUNTAINS AND POETLAND (OPTION OF CANA- 
DIAN cities) — BY BOSTON AND MAINE EAIL- 
EOAD, &C. 

Leaye Boston by Boston and Maine railroad, as by 
route to Portland, &c. As by that route, to 

Dover, New Hampshire. Thence Dover and Win- 
nipesaukie road, by Gonic, Rochester [junction with 
road from Salmon Falls by Great Falls, and its ex- 
tension northward to Uhionville] Farmington, 
Davis', New Durham and Alton, to 

Alton Bay, at the extreme southern point of Lake 
Winnipesauhie — pleasant residence, with fine views 
of the Lake and mountains northward, but deriving 
its principal importance from the railway and 
steamer transit through it. From Alton Bay a visit 
should be paid, if time allows, before proceeding 
northward, by " Lady of the Lake '* or other staunch 
little steamers on the Lake, to 

WoLFBOKO', on the eastern side of the Lake, a 
charming summer resort, with fine views, excellent 
sailing and fishing, and much attraction and popu- 
larity as a residence. Hotel: the Pavilion. [Stage- 
coach may be taken at Wolfboro', for proceeding 
northward to Conway, without visitingp Centre Har- 



180 mORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

bor; but this course is scarcely advisable on a first 
visit.] Wolfboro', again by steamboat, through 
charming lake-scenery, to 

Centre Harbor, larger village on the northern 
shore of the Lake, the location of which is considered 
unequalled by many tourists, as the Lake itself, 
with its exquisite combination of island groups and 
wooded shore, with bold mountains forming a back- 
ground in all northerly directions, is one of the 
very finest in -America and with few superiors 
elsewhere. Leading Hotel: the Senter House, 
Among the finest points of mountain view, from 
Centre Harbor and elsewhere on the Lake, may be 
named Mounts Salmonlrooh, WJiiteface, Ossipee, 
Major, Chicorua, Red Mountain (ascent by carriage 
and on horseback), Kearsarge and Monadnock. 
Many and charming excursions are made from the 
village, on the lakes, to the mountains and elsewhere; 
and among the most notable is that to Sguam 
Lake, lying a few miles west of Winnipesaukie 
Tery romantic in scenery, and supplying rare trout 
and other fishing. 

At Centre Harbor stage-coach is taken, for re- 
mainder of the route northward to the White Moun- 
tains. This aflEbrds one of the most magnificent 
rides attainable in the world, especially if fine 
weather allows outside seats on the coach to be 
used. The road leads up the Saco Eiver, along the 
charming Conway Valley, with views of the Lake 
district lingering behind, and others of the great 



ROUTE NO. Q.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 131 

mountain section continually changing ahead, and 
with Mount Washingtoji, the monarch of the east- 
em range, often in sight. This ride terminates at 

NoKTH Conway, a picturesque village lying in the 
valley, from which the views of the White Range are 
something, in comparison, like those of Mt. Blanc 
from Ohamounix, while the number of easy excur- 
sions to celebrated points is almost unequalled. It 
is here that many of the artists' summer sketches, 
especially of Kearsarge and Cliicorua and the higher 
peaks of the White Mountains, all in full view, are 
made ; while the Ledges (grand perpendicular cliffs, 
nearly one thousand feet in height) Artists' Brook, 
the Cathedral, Diana^s Bath, &c., are within conve- 
nient reach. Prominent Hotels : the Kearsarge, 
Washington, McMillan, Cliff, etc. 

N<^rth Conway, by stage-coach or carriage, through 
Pinkham. Notch, surrounded by the lesser giants of 
the White Range, to the 

Glen House, with much fine scenery in the neigh- 
borhood, but especially notable as being the nearest 
of any of the mouni ain resorts to the great peaks of 
the White Range, and giving the rarest views of 
them — as well as the point from which the ascent of 
Mount Washington is made, by rail. Among the 
points of interest to be visited from the Glen, are 
Thompson's and Glen Ellis Falls, the former on the 
Peabody River, some two miles from the hotel, 
and the latter on the Ellis, about four miles ; the 
Crystal Cascade, near Glen Ellis; Garnet and 



182 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Emerald PoolSy with peculiar colors indicated bj 
their names, &c. But the speciality of the Glen 
House, as before noted, is the 

Ascent of Mount Washington, by railway. The 
features of this ascent need no description, especially 
to those who have made Alpine crossings by rail. 
It is considered eminently safe, has little fatigue in- 
volved, and certainly supplies all the elements of the 
picturesque and the exciting. Stout clothing is ad- 
visable, if not always necessary. This ascent being 
made in the morning, the top of the giant will be 
reached at the most favorable hour, and the toonder- 
ful view from the summit enjoyed, if the capriciouii 
weather allows that great })rivilege. This view ia 
quite equal to that from the Khigi or Pilatus, over 
Switzerland, though perhaps lacking the variety in 
scenery. To the west, in bright weather, are seen 
the higher peaks of the Green Mountains of Ver- 
mont; southwest, some of the White and many ot 
the Fran con ia Range — especially Lafayette; north 
and north-east, the other great peaks of the White 
Range, and more distant the mountains of Canada ; 
east the sea, beyond Portland; southeast and south 
those surrounding Lake Winnipesaukie, and that 
Lake itself; while various rivers, small lakes, towns 
and hamlets combine to make up a picture of mar- 
vellouH extent and beauty. Dinner is provided at 
the Tip- Top House, on the summit, where during 
the last seasons scientists have resided all winter, to 
make observations. 



ROUTE NO. Q- NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 133 

Horses (kept in waiting) and guides should be 
taken at the summit, and the descent made in the 
other direction, crossing Mts. Franklin, Monroe and 
Pleasant ; and the three wondrous gulfs, the Gulf 
of Mexico, Tuckerman's Ravine, and Cakes' Gulf 
(some or all of them containing deep snow in 
midsummer) will be pointed out by the guides. 
At the end of nine miles' descent will be reached 
the 

Oeawfoed Hotjse, lying in what is now called 
the Willey Notch, and nearly at the foot of Mt. 
Cra^uford, while Mt. Webster and other giants of the 
range show grandly northward. The most marked 
feature in the neighborhood of the Crawford, is 
the 

Willey House^ standing at a short distance up the 
Notch, where in 1826 a landslide from the mountain 
aboye destroyed the family of the same name, and 
their residence — of which catastrophe many relics 
are yet pointed out and a few of them still offered 
for sale. From the Crawford may also be made 
the 

Ascent of Mt. Willard, practicable either by car- 
riage or on foot, and affording a most magnificent 
series of views from near the summit ; as also visit 
to the DeviVs Den, a cave of peculiar wildness and 
some danger of access. Also may be visited, from the 
Crawford, Gibls' Falls, a cascade of much beauty, 
reached by short walk from the house. 

From the Crawford House, by stage-coach or oar- 



184 SnOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

riage, by the Wliite Mountain House, Falls of the 
Ammonoosuc, and Betlilehein, to the 

Profile House, iu the Franconia Notch. 

[For notes on the Profile House and neighbor- 
hood, see termination of route: "New York to the. 
White Mountains, by New London, &c." — Route 
No. 7.] 

[The tourist who has made his arrival at the 
Franconia Notch by the just completed route fiom 
Boston, and who yet wishes to return southward 
without proceeding to either Quebec or Montreal, 
should pursue one of the following named routes in 
return, for the sake of variety in direction and 
scenery. Ist. From Littleton (stage-coach from the 
Profile House), by rail by Wells River, Plymouth, 
Weir's Landing, Concord, Worcester and New Lon- 
don, and steamboat of Norwich and Worcester line 
from New London to New York. (See route No. 
7 : " New York to the White Mountains," reversing.) 
Or, 2d. From Littleton to Wells River, and con- 
tinue by rail by White River Junction, Bellows 
Falls, Springfield, Hartford and New Haven to New 
York. Or, 3d. From Littleton to Wells River, 
White River Junction, Bellows Falls, Rutland, Troy 
or Albany ; and down the Hudson River by boat or 
rail to New York. Or, 4th. From Littleton to Wells 
River, White River Junction, Burlington, boat on 
Lake Champlain to Ticonderoga (foi> Lake George) 
or Whitehall, Saratoga, Albany or Troy, and boat 
or rail to New York.] 



ROUTE NO. Q.—NORTHEBN AJW EASTERN. 138 

[To go northward from Littleton to Montreal or 
Quebec. For Montreal, to White River Junctiouy 
thence to Burlington, St. Alhan's, and St. John's to 
the Victoria Bridge and Montreal. For Quebec, 
to Wells Eiver, Newport (Lake Memphremagog), 
Lenoxville, Richmond and Artkadasca, to Point Levi 
and ferry to Quebec] 



ROUTE NO. J.-NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 

NEW YORK TO THE WHITE MOUNTAINS AND CANADA, 

BY NEW LONDON, NORWICH AND WORCESTER, 

LAKE WINNIPESATJKIE, ETC. ; OR BY NEW 

LONDON AND NORTHERN ROAD. 

« 

Division A. 

BY NEW LONDON, NORWICH AND WORCESTER, 
MERRIMAC AND WINNIPESAUKIE ROUTE. 

Leave New York at 5 P. M.. on Sound, by Nor- 
wich and Worcester boat, as by corresponding line 
for Boston. (See Boston route : " By boat by New 
London, &c.") As by that route, to New London^ 
Norwich, and to 

Worcester, point of separation of the trains east- 
ward for Boston and northward for the Mountains. 
Worcester to 

Groton Junction [connections eastward for Con- 
cord and Boston ; also eastward for Lotuell and 
Lawrence; also westward for the Hoosic Tunnel 
(immense work of engineering, on the Mt. Cenis 
plan, not yet completed), for Albany, Troy, &c.] 
Very soon after leaving Groton Junction comes into 
view the Merrimac River, with the striking and pic- 
turesque scenery of the 

Valley of the Merrimac^ considered among the 



RO UTE NO. 1. ^NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 137 

finest rivers in New England, and thenceforward ac- 
Qompanying the traveler almost to the foot of the 
mountains. Next important point is 

Manchester, New Hampshire, large and thriving 
manufacturing village, on the Merrimac, the mills 
u,ncl some other factories worthy of attention from 
those whose leisure permits stoppage, but showing 
even moi-e than ordinary interest in manufacturing 
detail, even from the train. Hotel: the Manchester 
Wouse. Manchester, still along the Merrimac, to 

Concord, capital of the State of New Hampshire, 
lying on the same river, and pi esenting many points 
ot attraction for visitor residence. It has handsome 
public ; grounds ; notable public buildings, in the 
State House (recently rebuilt), the State Lunatic 
Asylum, State Prison, and some of the municipal 
and other erections; and Main street, the principal 
thoroughfare, is remarkably long, fine and well 
kept. It has great granite quarries in the neighbor- 
hood, a considerable amount of manufactures and 
much general prosperity. Leading Hotel : the Eagle 
House. [Connection by rail, eastward to Dover, 
Portsmouth, &c. ; westward to the Connecticut 
Valley routes northward and southward, &c.] Con- 
coi'd (with distant but very fine views of the Win- 
nipesaukie and White Mountains commencing, and 
thence continuing, with infinite variations, to the 
end of the route), by Sanbornton and other stations 
to 
, Weir's . Landing, at the western edge of Lake 



186 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Winnipesauhie, with very fine views over the Lake 
and its many islands. [Connection, by boat on the 
Lake, for Centre Harbor or Wolfboro', and thence by 
stage-coach for Conway and the White Range.] 
Weir's Landing, by Meredith, &c., to 

Plymouth, at the foot of the mountains, with 
splendid views southward and many attractions as a 
place of sojourn. Hotel : the Pemigawasset. (Lei- 
surely pause, for dinner). 

[At Plymouth stage-coach or private carriage 
may be taken, for the .splendid drive of twenty-five 
to thirty miles, up through the Valley of the Pemi' 
gawassety to the Profile House — during which a se- 
ries of views will be enjoyed, approaching the moun- 
tains, not often equalled in any land.] 

From Plymouth, by rail, literally among the moan* 
tains, and among glorious scenery, to 

Wells River [connection westward for Montpelier 
(capital of the State of Vermont) and NortherD 
Vermont; southward for White River Junction. 
Route may also be pursued northward, either before 
or after visiting the Franconia Notch, to Newport 
and the beautiful Lake Memphremagog, lying on 
the border between Vermont and Canada, and offer- 
ing fine views, picturesque scenery, excellent fishing, 
and many other attractions. Or, the same route 
may be pursued, to Newport, thence on by way of 
Richmond, &c., to Quebec, or bending westward 
from Richmond, to Montreal.] 

Wells River, through even grander scenery than 
that from Plymouth, to 



ROUTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN 189 

Jjittleton, small village at the entrance of the Fran- 
conia Notch, whence stage-coach is taken, for the 
ride through the Notch, with many of the best 
features of American mountain scenery, to the 

Profile House. [For notes on the Profile House 
and neighborhood, see immediately following.] 

Divis-ion B. 

BY NEW LONDON AND THE NEW LONDON NORTH- 
ERN ROUTE. 

New York by Norwich and Worcester boat on the 
Sound, 5 P. M., as by route just concluded, to 

New London. (Later rest is secured, by thia 
route, than by that by Worcester and Winnipesau- 
kie, from the non-necessity of taking the train until 
5 A. M.) From New London by rail, by Norwich, 
through a very pleasant and prosperous part of the 
State of Connecticut, and past villages embodying 
large manufacturing interests ; by WilUmantic (man- 
ufacturing village, with railway connections west- 
ward to the Hartford, Providence and Fishkill road) ; 
by Tolland, Stafford, Monson, &c., to Palmer [con- 
nections eastward to Worcester and Boston, west- 
ward to Springfield, for either Hartford, New Haven 
and New York, or Pittsfield, Albany and Troy], 
Palmer to Amherst, where the peculiarly splendid 
scenery of the line, embodying the bold character- 
istics of the Green Mountain region of Vermont, 
may be said properly to begin, continuing thence all 
the way to "White River Junction. Amherst to 



140 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Groufs Corners, important station. [Connections, 
eastward to Fitclilurg, Groton and Boston; west- 
ward to Greenfield^ North Adams, &c., and to 
Albant and Troy.] Groups Corners, by South 
Vernon, to 

Brattleboeo, Vermont, thriving town on the 
Connecticut River, with some manufactures, a spe- 
cialty of beingf markedly healthy as a residence, and 
a State Inmatic Asylum bearing a very high reputa- 
tian. Brattleboro to 

Belloios Falls, also on the Connecticut River, de- 
riving its singular name from an ancient peculiarity 
of the river in the neighborhood. [Connections 
northwest to Rutland, Burlington, Lake Cham plain, 
&c. ; and southeast to Keene, Groton, Boston, &c.] 
Bellows Falls by Claremont and Windsor, to 

WJiite River Junction, at the intersection of the 
White River with the Connecticut, important place 
of transfer in cross-travel. [Connections, west to 
Rutland, WJiitehall, Saratoga, &c.; northwest to 
Montpelier. Burlington, Rouse's Point and Canada ; 
east to Concord, Salem, Boston, &c.] White River 
Junction to 

Wells River. [Northern connections to Newport, 
Lake Memphremagog, Quebec or Montreal, as in last 
previous route.] 

Wells River to Littleton; thence by stage-coacb 
as before noted, to the 

Profile House. 



no UTE NO. l.—NOBTHEtiN AND EASTERN. 141 
Division C. 

AT AND ABOUT THE PROFILE HOUSE (FBANCONIA 

notch). 

Probably no section of mountain scenery in 
America, of like extent, presents so many points of 
interest and beauty as appear in the Franconia 
Notch, though in the detail of absolute grandeur it 
can by no means claim the same distinction. 
Taking the Profile House as the central point, the 
principal objects may be found grouped around it 
within very brief distance, as follows : 

Echo Lake, lying within a few hundreds of yards, 
embosomed in fine woods, under the brow of Eagle 
Clif, affording fine views of Mt. Lafayette, charm- 
ing boating, and a repetition of echoes (from the 
Cliff), scarcely second to those of the Eagle's Nest 
at Killarney. The 

Cannon Ifountain, at the base of which the Pro- 
file House stands, and ascended from it, with mod- 
erate difficulty, a magnificent view being the re- 
ward. On the top of the mountain, at near the brow 
overhanging the valley, some rocks, singularly dis- 
posed, suggest the shape of a Cannon, mounted on 
its carriage, whence the name; and the extreme 
brow of the mountain itself forms, in a peculiar com- 
bination of great rocks, the 

Old M&n of the Moutitain, colossal face, sixty feet 
in height from chin to brow, hanging over the im- 
mense gulf, and perfect in every detail of a majestio 



143 8H0RT-TBIP GUIDE. 

human face, as seen from the road at some distance 
helow the Profile (which of course takes its name 
from that view). Below this, which is undoubtedly 
the most striking single curiosity of all the range, 
lies the little Profile Lake, sometimes called the 
" Old Man's Bath," or " Washbowl," or " Mirror," 
affording a wonderful reflection of the stony face in 
calm weather, and said to be full of fine trout. A 
mile below the Profile is to be reached (ride or 
walk), the Basin, pool of remarkable shape and 
character, and Old Man's Foot, lying in it in colos- 
sal stone. Thence, five miles further, the Flume 
Souse, summer resort, now disused ; and near it 

The Flume, only second to the Old Man of the 
Mountain as a great natural curiosity, being an im- 
mense fissure or split in the solid rock of the moun- 
tain, varying from 10 to 20 feet in width, and the 
walls from 20 up to 100 feet in height, with a small 
rapid stream brawling over rough stones below, and 
a boarded walk up the gorge. At one point, a huge 
oval stone, of many tons in weight, hangs by the 
two points midway up the chasm ; and at another 
a dangerous bridge has been thrown over, at the 
top, by the falling of a tree. At no great distance 
from the Flume lies 

The Pool, a literal hole in the rock, of great depth 
and singularity of appearance, reached by a difficult 
climb down the bank, and formerly the abode of a 
strange madman named Merrill, who paddled visi 
tors round it in a crazy boat, declared it the « centre 



BO UTE NO. t.—NOBTHEBN AND EA8TEBN. 143 

•of the earth," and exhibited a letter to him from 
'Queen Victoria, dated at the Kitchen of Bucking- 
ham Palace! 

From the front of the Flume House and neigh- 
borhood is to be seen a natural wonder of great 
prominence, the 

Dead Washington, being the profile face and form 
of that hero, in a recumbent position and as if 
shrouded, lying at a length of miles, the shape sup- 
plied by the shapes and position of several moun- 
tains of the Haystack group. May also be seen, be- 
tween the Profile and the Flume, at some distance 
from the road, Walker's Falls, a fine cascade ; and 
two miles below the Flume, Georgiana Falls, the 
largest in the range. 

Of Ascents from the Profile, besides that of the 
Cannon, the principal are those of 

Mount Lafayette, the highest peak of the Franco- 
nia Range, and commanding a fine view, with only 
a limited amount of toil (horseback or foot) — and 
Bald Mountain, a lower elevation, but still with fine 
view (carriage). 

[From the Profile House to Crawford House, 
{carriage) for the White Eange and ascent of Mount 
Washington from that direction, with descent by 
rail to the Glen House; or to Littleton, Wells Eiver 
and White Eiver Junction, for pursuance of the 
route to Canada.] 



ROUTE 8 -NEAR WESTERN. 

NEW YORK, BT RAIL, BY THE NEW JERSEY CITIES, 
TO AND AT PHILADELPHIA. 

Division A. 

NEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, BY THE PENNSYL- 
VANIA RAILROAD. 

Leave New York by the Pennsylvania Eailroad^ 
by ferry from foot of Cortlaudt street, or foot of 
Desbrosses street: cross the Hudson river, to 

Jersey City, a large and thriving town, lying in 
the State of New Jersey, but really a suburb and 
connection of New York, with which most of its 
more important business interests are identified. It 
is growing and improving rapidly, is laymg out pub- 
lic grounds, has extensive Water- Works, and enjoys 
the specialty of the Cunard Docks near the ferry, 
from which sail all the steamers of that popular line. 
Hotels, Taylor's, American, Fisk's, &c. From Jer- 
sey City, by rail, across flat and uninteresting 
country, to 

Newark, on the Passaic River, now largest city 
in the State, and one of the handsomest, as well as 
most important in point of manufactures, especially 
of leather, ca*rriages and fancy work. [Reached by 
steamboat and other water-conveyance from New 



ROUTE NO. 9.— NEAR WE81EBN. 145 

York. Also reached from New York by train on 
the Newark and New York road, from foot of 
Liberty street ; and (northern portion) by the Mor- 
ris and Essex road, from foot Barclay street.] It is 
regularly laid out ; has two handsome parks, many 
charming drives in the neighborhood ; a great num- 
ber and variety of the residences of the wealthy on 
Broad and other principal streets; some public 
buildings worthy of attention (including the Post 
Office, City Hall, County Court Hotise and several 
of the many churches) ; and is famed for the excep- 
tional beauty of its female population, as seen on 
promenade or elsewhere. Hotel : the Newarh House. 
From Newark visit may be paid to Orange, very 
beautiful village, lying near, at the north; to the 
Orange Mountains ; to the popular place of resort, 
Llewellyn Parle, &c. Or, they may be reached di- 
rectly from New York by the Morris and Essex 
road, foot of Barclay street.] Newark to 

Elizabeth, smaller town somewhat resembling 
Newark in appearance and general characteristics, 
though less notable in manufactures and possibly ex- 
celling the other in the finished beauty of some of 
its suburban grounds and wealthy residences. . Has 
the specialty of being passed through, daily, by 
more railway trains than almost any other town in 
America, two great lines intersecting in it, and an 
immense coal-trade from Eastern Pennsylvania 
passing through it to its adjoining town and the 
{principal entrepot and shipping-port of that article, 



146 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Elizahethport. Kivals Newark in female beanty, ins 
fashion and the wealth of residents. [Also reached 
from New York by the New Jersey Central road,, 
foot of Liberty street.] Elizabeth to 

Railway, handsome village, also much affected as^ 
a residence of citizens, and with specialty of con- 
siderable manufactures, for the Southern and other" 
markets. Rahway to 

New Bkunswick, one of the oldest towns in the- 
State, though inferior in size to several others. It 
is pleasantly situated on the Earitan Eiver, has a 
considerable amount of manufactures, and is the 
point of entrance into the Earitan Eiver and Bay of 
the, same name (Lower New York Bay), of the Dela- 
ware and Raritan Canal, from the Delaware Eiver 
at Bordentown. Its principal celebrity, however, 
lies in its being the seat of Rutgers College, and the 
Theological Seminary of the Eeformed Dutch 
Church, both old and influential institutions, hold-^ 
ing excellent rank. Among the buildings best worth 
notice, are those of the College, on an elevated 
square, within view from the railway; the Theo- 
logical Hall; the County Buildings, in the public 
square ; and several churches of prominence. Many 
fine drives are to be enjoyed by those making stay, 
into the handsome and well-cultivated country in 
the neighborhood, to Bound Brook, &c. Leading 
Hotels, the Railroad, Bulls Head, &c. 

Beyond New Brunswick, the railway is accom- 
panied for much of the distance by the Delaware 



ROUTE NO. 8.—NEAE WESTERN. 147 

and Karitan Canal. At Monmouth' Junction inter- 
section is made for Freeliold, the Battle Ground of 
MoJimouth, and south-eastern portions of the State. 
tText stopping place of importance, 

Priitcetok — Station, the town lying away at the 
right, though in sight, and steam connection in wait- 
ing. Princeton is another of the old and import- 
ant towns of the State, with a peculiar status in Eer- 
olutionary history as having been the scene of one of 
Washington's most memorable conflicts, of which the 
field extends from the town itself to what is called 
the *■' Battle Ground," more than a mile distant. Its 
more marked celebrity, however, lies in its being the 
seat of the College of Neio Jersey (called alternately, 
" Princeton College," and often, from one of the 
oldest buildings, " Nassau Hall.") It is also the seat 
of the Theological Seminary of the Presbyterian de- 
nomination, in connection with the College, which 
has long enjoyed a very high reputation, and which 
is now presided over by the celebrated Scotch di- 
vine. Dr. McCosh, late of Queen's College, Belfast. 
The grounds of the College (like many of those of 
the town) are very handsome. Peale's " Washing- 
ton," in the College library, is a picture of merit and 
historical interest. To the College has also lately 
been added an Astronomical Observatory, with fine 
instruments. 

Beyond Princeton is soon reached 

Trenton, capital of the State of New Jersey, 
lying on the left or east bank of the Delaware river, 



148 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and famous as the scene of Washington's " Crossing 
the Delaware," January, 1777. It is a thriving manu- 
facturing town, especially preeminent in iron works ; 
and has very costly constructions connected with 
the passage through the town of the Delaware and 
Raritan Canal. [Railroad connection, north, for 
Belvidere, Easton, and the Upper Delaware and 
Pennsylvania Coal-Regions ; and south to Bor den- 
town, and by that route to Philadelphia.] The 
principal erections of prominence are -the State 
House, modern and very handsome (with valuable 
Revolutionary memorials in the Library) ; the State 
Lunatic Asylum, Arsenal, Penitentiary, and some 
of the County buildings. The views over the Dela- 
ware and the Pennsylvania shore opposite, from 
some portions of the town, are very fine and memor- 
able. Prominent hotels, the American and Trenton. 

[Optional route may be taken, at Trenton, by 
rail, down the Delaware River to Bordentown and 
Camden, thence to Philadelphia by ferry. See 
Division B. of this route.] 

At Trenton the Delaware River is crossed, by 
bridge, to the State of Pennsylvania, by 

Bristol, handsome and thriving village of that 
State, and by Frankford (with a United States 
Arsenal) to Kensington and West Philadelphia, point 
of debarkation for 

Philadelphia. 



BOUTE NO. 6.—2fEAB WESTERN. 149 

Division B. 

NEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, BY CAMDEN AND 
AMBOY ROUTE. 

Leave New York by Pennsylvania Railroad, from 
foot of Cortlandt street, or foot Desbrosses street, as 
by Division A, of this route ; by Jersey City 
Newark, and Elizabeth, to Railway. (See Division 
A.) Thence diverging to 

Woodbridge, handsome village on the creek of the 
same name, emptying into Staten Island Sound; 
thence to 

Perth Ar)iboy, old but decayed seaport, once ex- 
pected to become the rival of New York, especially 
in the India and tea trade, and with the noted 
Thomas H. Smith tea warehouses still standing. 
From Perth Amboy by ferry (or bridge), to 

South Amboy, former place of debarkation from 
the New York steamers of the Camden and Amboy 
boat line. [From South Amboy, all-rail route 
to Keyport, Middletoivn and Long Branch, will 
branch from this line when completed.] From 
South Amboy continue by rail to 

Jamesburg, thriving small town, with State Reform 
School for Boys. [Connection southward to Freehold, 
thence to Long Branch and the south-east; and 
northward to Pennsylvania Railroad at Monmouth 
Junction f for Newark, Trenton, &c.] Thence to 



160 aSOBT-TBlP QUIDE. 

Cranberry, Hightstown [connection to Pemberton 

and southwest] and 

BoBDENTOWN, handsoHiB large village on the 
Delaware, and point of entrance into that river of 
the Delaware and Raritan Canal ; famous as having 
long been the residence (at Point Breeze — grounds 
to the right) of Joseph Bonaparte, ex-king of Spaiji. 
[Connection by boat down the Delaware to Phila- 
delphia ; by rail to Trenton, &c.J Bordentown to 

BuELiNGTON, also lying on the Delaware, and 
considered one of the handsomest towns in the 
State. It is the seat of Burlington College (Episco- 
pal), and of several notable male and female schools. 
[Connection by boat to Philadelphia and Borden- 
town ; by rail to Mount Holly and other towns in the 
interior of the State.] Burlington by Beverley and 
other minor places, to 

Camden, on the Delaware, opposite Philadelphia. 
Thriving town, with much agricultural and some 
manufacturing industry, and residence of many 
Philadelphians. [Connection by West Jersey Rail- 
road southward to Bridgeton; south-eastward to 
Millville and Cape May, favorite sea-coast resort 
at the Capes of the Delaware ; eastward by the 
Camden and Atlantic to Atlantic City, another 
favorite watering place on the New Jersey coast of 
the Atlantic; and by Pemb. and Hightstown road to 
the New Jersey Southern, Long Branch and New 
York]. Ferry across the Delaware to 

Philadelphia. 



ROUTE NO. B.—NEAB WESTERN. 161 

Divison G. 

A.T AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA, WITH EXCTTa- 

SIONS. 

Philadelphia, most important city of Pennsyl- 
vania, second in the Union in point of population^ 
largest of all in the extent of ground comprised 
within city limits, and dividing with Boston the 
claim of being the most influential after the com- 
mercial metropolis — lies on the Delaware River, at 
about one hundred miles from its mouth at Dela* 
ware Bay, and above and very near the debouchure 
into that river of the Schuylkill, the latter stream 
running through the city at its western extremity 
and adding materially to the beauty and healthful- 
ness of location. It is well known to have been 
founded by William Penn, the Quaker, and to be 
the headquarters of his denomination (whence its 
soubriquet, the " Quaker City " ) ; and it enjoys, in 
addition, the distinction of being the most regu- 
larly built city on the continent if not in the worlds 
the mass of its streets lying at right angles and 
giving it an appearance of primness alternately 
counted a charm and a blemish. From this latter 
feature, combined with all the streets running par- 
allel with the Delaware being numbered, from one 
upward — and the space between each of these 
streets, on the intersecting ones, numbered as one 
hundred, in supplying street-numbers — less diflB- 
calty is involved, in the stranger finding his way 



168 8H0BT-TRIP OUIDB. 

through and about it, than through any other city 
in the world, of corresponding size. Still addition- 
ally it should be noted that the street-car system is 
wonderfully complete and perfect, routes crossing 
each other at short distances, and a system of 
"transfers" from one route to another making 
transit much easier and cheaper than it could other- 
wise be found. Carriage-hire, cheaper than in New 
York, though high; not differing materially from 
the same detail at Boston. 

Philadelphia has many notable Streets, of which 
the characteristics are worth study, for their indi- 
vidual and collective character. First among these 
is Chestnut Street, at once business and fashionable, 
on which are located some of the best hotels, and 
which lias by far the handsomest display of shop- 
fronts on the continent. Next to this, perhaps, is 
Market Street, wide thoroughfare, dividing the 
cross-streets into "North" and "South," and dis- 
playing much railway traffic and other heavy trade. 
Arch and Wahiut are also both business streets of 
importance. The Exchange stands m Dock Street, 
between Walnut and Spruce; and much of the 
commercial and financial force of the city is to be 
found in that neighborhood, and near the Dt'laware, 
between Shippen Street, on the South, and Vine 
Street, on the North, and Front Street to Sixth 
Street, in the cross direction. Fourteenth Street is 
ordinarily called Broad Street, and has much fash- 
,ion and many prominent buildings. Ridge and 



ROUTE NO. S.—NEAB WESTERN. 153 

Girard Avenues hold position as places of fashion- 
able residence, and drives leading to Girard College^ 
Fairmount Park, etc. 

Of Public Buildings there are many of import- 
ance and interest. The first place is held, histori- 
cally, by Independence Hall, Chestnut street, nota- 
ble as having been the place of signing of the 
Declaration of Independence from Great Britain, 
Fourth of July, 1776. Some historical pictures of 
value, statues, and many relics are preserved there ; 
and among others the " Liberty Bell," rung at the 
time of the Declaration, and bearing the strangely 
appropriate inscription : " Proclaim liberty through- 
out the land to all the inhabitants thereof." (Admis- 
sion to the Hall, every day, 9 to 2). The building 
and wings are now used as public offices. A re- 
cently erected statue of Washington fronts the main 
entrance. Nest of the public buildings in import- 
ance, is Girard College, on Ridge Avenue, some two 
miles from the city centre — the several buildings 
modern and of fine architecture, and the grounds 
handsome, but its principal celebrity (it has very 
little as an educational institution) lying in the 
strange will and bequest of Stephen Girard, the 
merchant, which founded it, and which among other 
odd features, allows no clergyman to enter it even 
on a visit. Next in importance is the United States 
Mint, Chestnut street, with very perfect and inter- 
esting processes and a splendid collection of coins 
(admission daily, 9 to 12). Besides these, there are 



154 anOBT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the Custom House (formerly the United States 
Bank), Chestnut street; the Excliange, Dock street; 
the University of Pennsylvania, Ninth street near 
Chestnut; Jefferson Medical College, Tenth street 
near Chestnut; the Pennsylvania Hosjntal, Pine 
-Street ; Pennsylvania Insane Asylum, West Phila- 
delphia (with West's great picture of" Christ Heal- 
ing the Sick ") ; U. S. Marine Hospital, near the 
Navy Yard; the Franklm Atheneurn, and other 
library and literary buildings ; Pennsylvania Acad- 
emy of Fine Arts (with many good pictures : open 
daily), Chestnut street ; Eastern Penitentiary, 
Coates street, near Girard College; Union League 
Club House, Broad street ; Masonic Tenijile, Broad 
street; Ledger Building, Sixth and Chestnut; and 
many Banks, Insurance Buildings, Railway Offices 
and Dwellings, of much costly beauty. The office- 
erections of the Pen'iisylvania and Beading Rail- 
roads, on Fourth street, are especially notable, as 
well as the freight and market buildings of those 
roads on Market street. Among the noblest of the 
other buildings named, are Lip2nncott' s great Book- 
House, Market street ; the Mutual Life Insurance 
Building, Chestnut street ; Farmers" Market, Mar- 
ket street; Girard Bank, Third street; Fidelity 
Deposit building, Provident Life building, Penn- 
sylvania Life building, Ba7ik of the liepuUic, Old 
Masonic Temple, &c., all on Chestnut street; West- 
ern Saving Futid, Tenth and Walnut, &c. 

In Antiquities Philadelphia possesses, besides In- 



ROUTE NO. B.-NEAB WESTERN. 166 

dependence Hall (already mentioned"), Carpenter's 
Hall, Chestnut street, used for the first assembling 
of the Colonial Congress ; HuUzheimer's, where 
Jefierson wrote the Declaration, cor. Market and 
Seventh streets ; the Grave of Franklin, cor. Arch 
and Fifth streets; Indian Queen Hotel, once resi- 
dence of Jefierson, cor. Market and Front streets ; 
Penn Cottage, Letitia street, near Second; Penn 
Treaty Monument, Beach street, Kensington ; Old 
Swedes' Church, Swanson street; London Coffee 
House, Front and Market streets ; Birth-place of 
the Flag, 239 Arch street; the Old Penn House, 
near Fairmount ; Old Belmont Mansion, near Fair- 
mount; part of Pennh Elm Tree, in collection of 
Historical Library Association ; and others of minor 
importance. 

Of Public Grounds Philadelphia has more than 
the average in both variety and beauty. Fair- 
mount Paek, on the Schuylkill (in connection with 
the long-celebrated Fairmount Water- Worhs), is 
one of the largest parks in the world (containing 
over three thousand acres), with the Schuylkill, a 
noble and navigable river, running through it, and 
the upper portion containing the Wissahickon, a 
smaller river tributary to the Schuylkill, admitted 
on all hands to be singularly lovely in wood and 
water effects. Though this Park has been but a 
few years in course of construction, it has already 
assumed magnificent proportions, even as compared 
with the great parks of the Old World ; and it is 



160 SEOBT- TRIP G UIDB. 

within this Park, in the broad meadow lying east- 
ward of George's Hill, one of the highest emi- 
nences of the whole, that the Centennial Exhibi- 
tion, in honor of the one hundred years of Ameri- 
can Independence is to be held, from the 10th of 
May to the 10th of November, 1876, in a range of 
the largest buildings yet erected by any of the 
nations for similar purposes. So far as Fairmount 
Park has yet progressed, and outside of any of the 
Centennial arrangements, the hand of art has added 
more to it in the way of Bridges, than in any other 
detail. Many of these structures are notable for 
beauty as well as strength, and must form a feature 
in the future celebrity of the Park. The Suspen- 
sion Bridge, at the Water- Works, was built by Col. 
Ellett, the constructor of the Niagara Suspension 
Bridge, and afforded a model for the latter. The 
new Grand avenue bridge drive over the Schuylkill, 
between the East and West Parks, though a level 
erection, is very graceful, and the widest in the 
world. Near it, the New York Railroad Bridge 
contrasts well with its rival, though entirely differ- 
ent in character, combining round end-arches with 
one wide flat trussed centre ; and the minor erections 
of the same character display taste blended with 
solidity. Of art in its more ordinary sense, the two 
most prominent objects, thus far, are the elegant 
monument to Frederick Graff, first engineer of the 
Water- Works, near the works themselves, and a 
bronze sitting statue of President Lincoln, within 



BOUTJS NO. ^-NEAB WESTERN. 167 

the lower entrance, near the Wire Bridge. There 
are also some fine fountains. 

The grounds purchased for the Park contained 
many old houses, some of them of much interest; 
and the best of these have been judiciously preserv- 
ed. Among the most notable is the house once 
belonging to John Penn, grandson of William, and 
owned by descendants until the present purchase. 
On a part of the same property stand the Lans- 
downe Pines — two trees of great size, age and 
grandeur of appearance, Even more interesting 
than the Penn house is the Belmont Mansion, also 
preserved — dating back to 1745 — the home of Rich- 
ard Peters, an eminent jurist, Member of Congress, 
and Secretary of the Board of War during the 
Ee volution, who entertained under its roof, Wash- 
ington, Lafayette, Jefferson, Robert Morris, Ritten- 
house, and many others of the Revolutionary 
worthies, while Talleyrand, Louis Philippe and 
Tom Moore are known to have visited it. The 
view from the front of this fine old house (now a 
restaurant) is almost matchless in varied beauty, 
over the Schuylkill, the city, &c.; though that 
from George's Hill, the highest point of the grounds, 
is necessarily much more extensive, reaching to and 
beyond the Delaware at League Island. The upper 
portion of the Park, as already noted, includes not 
only the fine scenery of that part of the SchuylkiH, 
hut also that of the Wissahickon; and partially 
within it lies the scene of the unfortunate battle 



158 8E0RT-TR1P GUIDE. 

of German town, which lost Philadelphia to the 
Americans in 1777. Taken all in all, Fairmount 
Park is unquestionably the crowning triumph of 
America in that dircetion, and well worthy to be 
the setting of the colossal buildings and immense 
assemblages of the Centennial. 

Fairmount Park, the Centennial grounds, or the 
Fairmount Water- Works, may be reached from the 
centre of the city by various routes: street-car on 
Piue, Arch or Vine street, all running to the lower 
entrance at the Wire Bridge ; or, car of the Green 
and Coates street line, from Fourth, by Walnut, 
Eighth and Coates, to Coates street entrance; or, 
yellow car of the Union line, up Ninth street, to 
Brown street entrance ; or, Eidge avenue car, to the 
East Park ; or. Poplar street or Girard avenue car, 
to Brown street or Girard avenue; or. Park accom- 
modation train of Beading Eailroad, from Thirteenth 
and Callowhill streets to Belmont, West Park; or, 
accommodation train of the Pennsylvania Railroad, 
to Hestonville, near George's Hill and the Centen- 
nial grounds, West Park ; or by carriage, for a more 
thorough tour of the whole. The circuit of the 
Park, from the lower entrance, may be cheaply and 
pleasantly made in the public Park-carriages, al- 
ways in waiting, as in Central Park, New York, 
and elsewhere. 

The Fairmount Water- Works themselves demand 
attention, as among the best of their class ; the 
views over the Schuylkill from the raised promenade 



ROUTE NO. B.—WJEAB WESTERN. 159 

are notably fine ; and the Suspenswn Bridge, al- 
ready mentioned, should not be overlooked in ob- 
servation of its rivals. (Other bridges of interest 
are the Iron Bridge, over the Schuylkill at Chest- 
nut street; the Market Street Bridge, of wood, very 
old; &c.) (There are also other Water- Works: 
the Delaware, on the river, foot of Wood street, and 
the Western, with a beautiful tower, opposite Fair- 
mount.) Of the other public* grounds of the city, 
the most interesting are Independence Square,, rear 
of Independence Hall ; Washington Square, near it ; 
Logan Square (largest of the old), Eighteenth 
street; Franhlin Square, Race and Sixth streets; 
Penn Square, Broad and Market streets ; Jefferson 
and Rittenhouse Squares; and Hunting Parh (old 
race-course) on the York road. 

Among the most notable of Philadelphia Churches, 
are the Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul (Catho- 
lic), Logan Square, with a noble dome, an admired 
altar-piece, and some good paintings; St. Marh^s 
(Epis.), Locust street, with tower and spire of pecu- 
liar beauty; St. P«wZ's (Epis.), Third street; Christ 
CUiurch (old), Second street, with tall steeple, fine 
chime of bells, and communion service of the time 
of Queen Anne ; Church of the Incarnation, Broad 
street ; Baptist, Broad street ; Calvary (Pres.), Lo- 
cust street; St. Stephen's (Epis.), Fourth street; 
St. Peter's (old), Pine street; St. Andreio's, Eighth 
street; &c., and (as curiosities, though eschewing 
any attempt at architecture) many of the Friends^ 



160 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

or Quaker Meeting Houses, of which the city has a 
remarkable number and variety. 

Of Libraries, there are a large number, though the 
aggregate of yolumes embraced in all does not reach 
far beyond a quarter million. Among them are the 
Franklin (sometimes called the "Philadelphia"), 
South Fifth near Chestnut street; the Atheneum, 
Sixth street; the Mercantile; the Apprentices', 
Friends', Law Association, &c. ; besides those con- 
nected with those prominent institutions, the His- 
torical Society, Sixth and Adelphi streets (antiqui- 
ties and curiosities) ; Academy of Natural Sciences,. 
Broad street ; the Franklin Institute, Seventh 
street, &c. The principal Art Gallery is the Penn- 
sylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Chestnut street, 
containing among other prominent pictures, Wesf s 
"Death on the Pale Horse," Allston's "Raising 
of Lazarus," and others of merit by Stuart, Sully, 
Leslie and others. The principal Market, and one 
of the best-arranged and most luxuriously-supplied 
in America, is located on Market street, in the lower 
part of the city, and will well repay a visit, for ob- 
servance of the varied productions of the surround- 
ing country. 

Principal Places of Amusement: the American 
Academy of Music, Broad street, the handsomest 
and one of the largest musical houses in the United 
States; Arch Street Theatre, street of the same 
name ; Chestnut Street, street of that name ; Walnut 
Street, street of same name ; Fox's, Chestnut street ; 



ROUTE NO. 8.—mSAB WESTERN. 161 

Simmons and Slocum's Opera House (Ethiopian).. 
Arch street; Eleventh Street Opera House (Ethio- 
pian), Eleventh street; American Museum, Ninth, 
and Arch streets ; Musical Fund Hall, Locust streetr 
&c. Leading Hotels: the Continental, Chestnut 
street ; La Pierre House, Broad street ; Colonnade, 
Chestnut street; Girard House, Chesinut street; 
-^mencaw, Chestnut street; ^S*^. Cloud, Arch street; 
Washington, Chestnut street; Merchants', Fourth 
street. 

For the additional convenience of the many 
about specially to visit Philadelphia in connection 
with the Centennial, the following resumes and ex- 
tensions are given, of location of principal places of 
interest, places of amusement, and railroad depots? 
with brief directions for reaching them. 

Pein"Cipal Places of Interest, and Roftes: 

Fairmount Park and Centennial Grounds. — [See full di- 
rections at close of account of those places, p. 158.] 

Independence Hall — Place of signing the "Declaration 
of Independence," Chestnut street, south side, between 
Fifth and Sixth. Near lower hotels, and reached from 
upper by cars on Chestnut street. Admission free at or- 
dinary times, 9 A. M. to 2 P. M., and no doubt will be so 
except on special occasions, during the Centennial. Entrance 
to steeple granted on application to the Superintendent in 
the Hall. 

Carpenter's Hall. — Place of original meeting of Continen- 
tal Congress. Chestnut street, south side (rear), between 
Fourth and Fifth. Near Independence Hall, and reached 
in same manner. 

Grave of Franklin. — Plain horizontal slab, covering Ben- 
jamin Franklin and his wife, in graveyard of Christ Church. 
South-east corner Fifth and Arch streets. Very near both, 
of the ffirmer ; and not far from leading hotels. 



161o SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Penn^s Cottage.— Once the residence of William Penn. 
Letitia street, between Front and Second, near Market. 
Close to the Delaware River. 

Penn Treaty Monument. — Site of the great elm tree under 
which William Penn made his treaty with the Indians. 
Small obelisk, with inscription. Beach street, above Han- 
over, Kensington. Reached by street-cars marked '' Rich- 
mond " 

Indian Queen Hotel. — Once residence of Jeflerson. Cor- 
ner Market and Front streets. 

London Coffee-House. — Existing as a coffee-house, by that 
name, before the Revolution. South-west corner Front and 
Market streets, near the Delaware. 

Old Swedes' Church. — Built 1700. Swanson street, below 
Christian street. Reached by Second street cars. 

Birth-place of the American Mag. — Place where the first 
stars and stripes were made. Now 239 Arch street, near 
the Delaware. 

Christ Church.— With oldest peal of bells in America. 
Second street, north of Market street. 

CHrard College.— RxAge avenue, above Nineteenth street. 
Reached by Ridge avenue or Nineteenth street cars. Ad- 
mission by ticket, procurable at the Ledger office, Sixth and 
Chestnut streets. 

University of Pennsylvania. — Ninth street, above Chestnut. 
New building. Thirty-sixth street and Darby road. Reached 
by Market street cars to West Philadelphia ; thence Darby 
road cars. 

Philadelphia Library, and 

Loganian Library, Fifth street, below Chestnut. 

Atheneum, and 

Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Sixth and AdelpM 
streets, below Walnut. 

Philadelphia Dispensary. — Oldest institution of the kind in 
America; established 1786. No. 127 South Fifth street. 

American Philosophical Society. — Fifth street, below Chest- 
nut. 

Academy of Natural Sciences.— Ero&di street, below Chest- 
nut. Open Tuesday and Friday afternoons, but no doubt 
every afternoon during the Centennial. Admission 10 cents. 

Franklin Institute. — Seventh street, above Chestnut. 

Mercantile Library.— Tejith street, above Chestnut. 

Apprentices' Library,— QovLth-weat comer Fifth and Arch 
streets. 



ROUTE NO. S.—NEAB WESTERN. 161S 

Pennsyhania Hospital. — Eighth and Spruce streets. 

Penn. Hospital for the //isa/ic— Haverford road, West 
Philadelphia. Reached by Market street cars. Admission 
by ticket, at the Ledger office. 

School of Design for Women. — North -west Penn Square, 
near Broad street and Chestnut. 

Deaf and Dumb Institution. — Broad and Pine streets. Ex- 
hibitions Thursday afternoons. Admission by ticket, at 
the Ledger oflBce. 

Blind Asylum. — Twentieth and Race streets. Wednesday 
afternoon concerts. 'Admission 10 cents. 

BlocMey Almshouse. — Considered a model institution of its 
kind. West Philadelphia. Reached by Walnut street cars 
to Thirty-fourth street. Tickets at. No. 43 North Seventh 
street. 

House of Refuge. — Twenty-second street, near Poplar 
street. Admission every afternoon except Saturday and 
Sunday. Reached by Union line of Fairmount cars. Tick- 
ets at Ledger office. 

Episcopal Hospital. — No. 2649 North Front street, on the 
Delaware. 

U. 8., Naval Asylum. — Gray's Ferry road, below South. 
Reached by cars on Pine street, or South street. 

Nawj Yard. — On line of the Delaware, east of Front 
street, and south of Prime street. Reached by Second 
street.cars (as to old Swedes' Church). 

Moyamensing {County) Prison. — Eleventh street and Fassa- 
yunk road. Tickets at Ledger office. 

Eastern Penitentiary. — Coates street, above Twenty-sev- 
enth. Reached by cars out, on Coates street, or tinion 
line Of Fairmount cars Tickets at Ledger office. 

Franlcford Arsenal. — Frankford Reached by Richmond 
line of horse-cars. 

Richmond Coal- Wharves. — Greatest single deposit of coal 
in the world, of the Reading Railroad Company, from the 
Schuylkill coal-regions. On the Delaware, North Philadel- 
phia, opposite Treaty Island. Reached by street cars mark- 
ed "Richmond." 

U. 8. Mint. — Chestnut street, above Thirteenth. Ad- 
mission from 9 to 12 A.M., daily, except Saturday and 
Sunday. 

Custom House. — Chestnut street, above Fourth. 

Post-Office. — Chestnut street, below Fifth. 

GommevGial Exchange. — Second street, below Chestnut. 



161c SEOBT-TBIP QUIBE. 

Mechanicfi' Exchange. — Third and Walnut streets. 

Union League Club-Rouse. — Broad and Sansom streets. 
Introduction by member of the Club required. 

Masonic Hall. — Broad street, below Arch (old, 717 Chest- 
nut, above Seventh). 

Smith's Island, and 

Windmill Island. — Small islands in the Delaware, oppo- 
site the city, and places of public resort. Ferry to Smith's, 
foot of M«rktt streei. 

HullzJin/ner's Neto House. — House where Jefferson wrote 
the Declaraiion. South-west corner Seventh and Market 
streets. 

Laurel Hill Cemetery. — Ridge avenue. Reached by Ridge 
avenue cars. 

Mt. Vernon Cemetery —l!ie»kt\y opposite Laurel Hill, and 
reached in same manner. 

Monument Cemetery. — Broad street, opposite Btrks. 
Woodland Cemetery.— Darby road. West Philadelphia. 
Reached by Mai ket street or Walnut street cars to Darby 
road ; thence Darby road cars. 

Places of Amusement: 

Academy of Music. — Broud and Locust streets. 

Arch iStreet Theatre — Arch street, west of Sixth. 

Chestnut Street Theatre. — Chestnut street, above Twelfth. 

Walmit Street Theatre. — Walnut street, below Ninth. 

Fax^s American Theatre. — Chestnut street, above Tenth. 

Museum. — Ninth and Arch streets. 

Simmons and Slocum's Opera House. — Arch street, above 
Tenth. 

Eleventh Street Opera House. — Eleventh street, above 
Chestnut. 

Musical Fund Hall. — Locust street, below Ninth. 

Horticultural Hall. — Broad street, below Locust. 

Concert Hall. — Chestnut street, above Twelfth. 

Railroad Depots: 

Pennsylva7iia Railroad. — (For New York and the East, for 
the West, or for that connection to Baltimore, Washington 
and the South). Thirty-first and Market streets, reached 
by Market street cars; Kensington, reached by Third 
street cars ; and ferry foot of Market street. 



ROUTE NO. 8.— NEAR WESTERN. IQU 

Reading Railroad.— (For the Schuylkill, coal-regions, or 
the North). Thirteenth and Callow^hill streets. German- 
town and Norristown branch, Ninth and Green streets. 

Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad. — (For 
Che=tter, Wilmington, Baltimore, Washington and the South). 
Broad and Prime streets. 

North Pennsylvania Railroad. — (F©r the North). Berks 
and American streets, above Second. 

Camden and Atlantic Railroad. — (For Southern New Jer- 
sey and the Coast). Ferry foot of Vine street. 

West-OheaUr and Philadelphia Railroad. — (For local Interi- 
or). Thirty-first and Chestnut streets. 

Suburban and other Excursions of interest from 
Philadelphia, include the 

United States Navy Yard, on Front street and 
the Delaware Eiver, entrance from foot of Federal 
street; with immense Sectional Dock, stocks and 
materials for war-vessels, munitions of war, &c. 
[Walk, or street-car.] Arrangements have been 
made for the occupation of League Island^ lower 
down the Delaware, as a new and larger navy yard 
for the laying up of vessels in ordinary. Of scarcely 
less interest are the 

U. 8. Arsenals., of which one of the most import- 
ant is to be reached at Franhford, north-east of the 
city, with interesting collection of arms and the^ 
largest powder magazine in the country ; and the 
other near Gray's Ferry, south of the city. Also, 

Laurel Hill Cemetery, on Ridge avenue, near the 
Schuylkill, and considered one of the handsomest 
of the cemeteries of the great cities, on account of 
height of location, fine river-view, tasteful monu- 
ments and adornments. The group of " Old Mor- 



IQU 8H0RT-TBIP GUIDE. 

tality," by Thom, at the entrance, and the Chapel, 
deserve attention, as do maoy of the monuments to 
well-known men, among others those of Dr. Kane, 
Gen'l Mercer, Gen'l Patterson, Dr. Bird (the novel- 
ist), Joseph C. Neal, Charles Thompson, Hassler, 
&c. [Reached by street-car, drive, or boat up the 
Schuylkill from Fairmount.] Second in importance 
are the Woodlands Cemetery, on the Darby road, 
west of the Schuylkill ; Monument Cemetery, Broad 
street ; Glenwood Cemetery, Ridge road ; Mount 
Vernon Cemetery, Ridge avenue ; Bonaldson's Ceme- 
tery, Shippen street ; Friends' Burial Ground, Arch 
and Fourth streets, &c. [All, beyond short walk 
from leading hotels, reached by street-car.] 

Other Excursions, to 

The Wissahickon, creek or small river of marked 
shaded beauty, emptying into the Schuylkill. 
[Drive, on Ridge avenue, past Laurel Hill, or trip 
by boat on the Schuylkill from Fairmount and 
Park. To the Old Bartram Mansion, with Revolu- 
tionary reminiscences and a Botanic Garden, on the 
west bank of the Schuylkill. [Street cars on Darby 
road.] To Penn's Bock, on the Haddington road 
(stone said to have been raised by William Penn). 

To Germantown, site of the battle of that name, 
fought by Washington in 1777 ; with interesting 
reminiscences, in Chew's House, the Headquarters, 
Buttonball Tree Tavern, &c. To ManayunJcy on 
the Schuylkill, with water-power and heavy manu- 
factures. [Street cars on Ridge-road, or boat on the 



ROUTE NO. B.— NEAR WESTERN. 161/ 

Scliiiylkill.] [Street car and short steam connec- 
tion, every quarter-honr.] To Greenwich Point 
and Gloucester Point, on the Delaware, favorite near 
places of summer resort, a few miles below the city. 
[Ferry from South street.] To Red Banh and Fort 
Mifflin, two miles below the places last named, with 
Eevolutionary reminiscences, Count Donop's Grave,. 
a Battle Monument, &c. ; and also to League Islandy 
lying near, and the site of the new Navy Yard. 
[Boats, very frequent.] To Smith's Island and 
Windmill Island, lying in the Delaware, midway 
between the City and Camden, and passed through 
by the ferry-boats. Kesort for relaxation and " clam- 
chowders." To Camden, New Jersey [several fer- 
ries: see route from ISTew York, Division B.] To 
Bridgeton, New Jersey, great fruit-packing centre. 
[Ferry to Camden, and West Jersey Railroad.] 
To Vineland, New Jersey, great grape and fruit- 
growing centre. [Ferry to Camden, and Camden 
and Atlantic road to Atsion — thence Vineland 
Railway.] To Bordentown and Burlington. [Boat 
on the Delaware, or rail.] 

Still other Excursious will be those to 
NoKEiSTOWK, on the Schuylkill, county seat of 
Montgomery County, with pleasant location, two 
fine Bridges, and handsome Court-House. [Rail- 
way on Reading road, or long drive of much beauty]. 
To 

Valley Forge,' place of the American winter- 
quarters in 1777-8, on the Schuylkill, with Wash- 



161^ 8H0BT-TBIP OUIDE. 

ington's Headquarters still remaining, as well as tlie 
Old Hospital, earth-works, and many other remind- 
ers of that trying period — and the King of Prussia 
Tavern and Paoli, both celebrated in the struggle, 
at short distance. [Kailway on Reading road.] To 

READiiJrG, important town of the interior, with 
immense coal and other industries on the road, at 
and in the neighborhood. [Railway on Reading 
road.]. To 

Easton, Delaware Watek-Gap, &c. [See 
Longer Excursions from New York.] [Rail an 
Northern Pennsylvania, and Delaware, Lackawanna 
and Western roads.] To 

Hareisburg, Capital of the State of Pennsylva- 
nia, by Lancaster^ &c. [Rail on the Pennsylvania 
Road: see Route 12.] To 

Pittsburgh, great iron manufacturing centre of 
the State, often called the " American Birming- 
ham," and notable for the resemblance of its smoky 
atmosphere to that of English manufacturing towns. 
In connection, to Wheeling. [Rail on Pennsylvania 
road. See Route 12, pp. 200, &c.] To 

Altoona and the Allegheny Mountains, for fine 
scenery of the road, considered among the noblest 
in America Also, to Cressoii and Johnstown, be- 
yond. [Rail on Pennsylvania road, as for Pitts- 
burgh, &c.] To 

Atlantic City, favorite place of summer resort, 
■with fine bathing, on the New Jersey coast, near 
Egg Harbor and the Inlet of the same name. 



ROUTE NO. %.-NEAB WESTEBN. \Qlh 

Prominent Hotels, the Atlantic House, and Surf 
House. [Eeached by ferry to Camden, thence rail 
on the Camden and Atlantic road direct.] To 

Cape May (Cape Island), still more prominent 
and popular as a place of seaside summer resort, 
and especially chosen by Philadelphians. It lies at 
the extreme southern point of New Jersey, at the 
northern entrance of Delaware Bay, has an exten- 
sive beach with fine sea-view and bathing, and ranks 
beside Newport and Long Branch. Prominent 
Hotels : the Stochton House, Congress Hall^ United 
States, West Jersey, Columbia, Delaware, Atlantic, 
&c. [Reached by ferry to Camden, thence by rail 
on the West Jersey, and Millville and Cape May 
roads.] To 

Long- BiiAN"CH. [See Longer Excursions from 
New York.] [Reached by ferry to Camden, thence 
rail on Pemb. and Hightstown and New Jersey 
Southern roads. Also, with connection, Long 
Branch to New York. 



ROUTE NO. 9 -WESTERN AND SOUTHERN. 

PHILADELPHIA, BY WILMINGTON (DEL.) TO AND AT 
WASHINGTON AND RICHMOND. 

Division A. 

PHILADELPHIA TO BALTIMORE BY WILMINGTON. 

Leave Philadelphia by rail on the Philadelphia, 
Wilmington and Baltimore road, from Broad Street 
and Washington Avenue, or from West Phila- 
delphia. First point of interest passed is the Laza- 
retto, on the bank of the Delaware, some ten miles 
below the city and at some distance left from the 
road — an immense building, with cupola, long used 
for the detention of cases of infectious disease. In a 
short distance is reached 

Chester, the oldest town in the State, and at one 
time, under William Penu, the seat of government of 
the province. It has as curiosities, the spot where 
Penn landed on his first coming from England, a 
very old Court House, &c. Very little beyond, the 
crossing is made from the State of Pennsylvania 
into that of Delaware; and still a little beyond is 
passed the Brandyioine Creeh, scene of the battle of 
the same name (at Chadd's Ford), defeat of the 
Americans and wounding of Lafayette, in 1778. 

After leaving Chester, is reached 

Lamohin Junction, [with the Philadelphia and 



ROUTE NO. ^.— WESTERN AND SOUTHERN. 163 

Baltimore Central Railroad , for Port Deposit, Havre 
de Grace (with very fine Bridge over the Susque- 
hanna), Baltimore, &c.] Lamokin Junction to 

WiLMiNGTON", Delaware, one of the most import- 
ant towns of that small State, and in the midst of 
an agricultural section of special fertility, the great 
peach-growing district being within easy reach of 
any one making brief stoppage. It occupies the site of 
the old Swedish Fort Christina ; has extensive ship- 
jrards, flour and powder-mills, foundries, &c. ; and 
is also distinguished as the seat of 8t. Mary's Col- 
lege (Catholic), and other educational institutions of 
merit. Among its most prominent curiosities are 
the ship-yards and powder-mills, before named ; the 
Old Swedes' Oliurcli, nearly 200 years old, with 
ancient grave-yard and singular epitaphs; the Col- 
lege, &c. [Railway connection south to Elhtoriy 
Townsend, Dover (capital of the State), LeweSy 
Salisbury, Crisfield (for boat to Norfolk) &c, ; 
westward to Hanover, Haerisburg, &c.] From 
Wilmington, passing Neiu Castle Junction [connec- 
tion for New Castle, &c.], and minor statiojis, is 
reached 

Havre de Grace, Maryland, at the debouchure of 
the Susquehanna River into Chesapeake Bay, and also 
at the southern terminus of the Tidewater Canal. 
Here the Susquehanna is crossed by a handsome and 
costly Railroad Bridge, not long finished; and in 
crossing, splendid views are caught (below) of Ches- 
apeake Bay and the shore-scenery on both sides. 



164 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

[Railway connections from Havfe de Grace, north- 
westward, to Harrisburg and the West and 
Northwest] From Havre de Grace, over flat and 
low country, with passage of the long 

Bridges over Bush and Ounpowder Rivers (the 
former 5-8 of a mile in length, and the latter 1 mile), 
both of which were destroyed during the secession- 
war, and rebuilt, — to Baltimore. 

Division B. 

AT AND ABOUT BALTIMORE, WITH EXCURSION'S. 

Baltimore, on the Patapsco River, branch of 
Chesapeake Bay, most important town in the State 
of Maryland, seaport of eminence, considered one 
of the handsomest cities in the Union, and dividing 
with two or three others the claim of producing the 
most beautiful women, while to Europeans it pos- 
sesses the peculiar interest of having supplied wives 
to a remarkable number of the English aristocracy 
(Wellesley family, and others), and also a wife (Miss 
Patterson) to Jerome Bonaparte. It has a striking 
situation, on rising ground sloping up from the 
harbor, in that respect rivalling Boston; and the 
numerous spires and monuments fitly crown a pic- 
ture otherwise of great beauty. Baltimore has an 
inner and outer harbor, above and below FelVs 
Pointy into the latter of which the largest ships en- 
ter without difficulty ; and the city proper is di- 
vided, nearly North and South, by a narrow stream 



EO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHEBN. 165 

with many bridges, called Jones' Run. A strong 
and handsome fortification, Fort McHenry^ defends 
the harbor, and figured conspicuously in both the 
war of 1812 and that of the secession. Among the 
chief boasts of the city, and the first objects of in- 
terest to the traveller, are 

TJie Monuments, so notable that they have given 
to Baltimore the soubriquet of the "Monumental 
City." The first in importance is the WasJiington, 
in an elevated position on Mt. Vernon Place, at 
Charles and Monument streets — a base and shaft 
reaching 200 feet in height, with a statue surmount- 
ing all, of "Washington Eesiguing his Commission." 
(Accessible, and fine view from balcony at top.) 
Next in interest is the Battle, at Calvert and Fay- 
ette streets — a Eoman column, with emblematical 
sculptures, in honor of those who fell in defence of 
the city, in September 1814. The third, or Armis- 
tead, in honor of the defender of Fort McHenry in 
1814, is merely a tablet, on North Calvert street, and 
only of interest in the patriotic connection. 

Of streets, the most important is Baltimore street^ 
running east and west the whole length of the city, 
and really its Broadway or Eegent street. HolUdayy 
Calvert, Fayette, Lexington, Eutato, Madison, Park, 
Saratoga, North Charles, Mt. Vernon Place, Charles 
avenue, and other streets on the west side of Jones' 
Falls, are among the notable; and as centres of 
business, Lombard, Caroline, Banh, Gay, High, 
Market, Broadway, and other streets on the east 



166 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

side, with those surrounding the City Dock (basin) 
and principal wharves, lying in that vicinity. Of 
Public Buildings, among the most notable are the 
JSxchange, Gay street, with noble dome; {Custom 
House and Post Office occupying part of the same 
building) ; the Maryland Institute, Baltimore street, 
devoted to industrial exhibitions, fairs, &c., and a 
Market; the City Hall, Holliday street; County 
Court House, Monument square; U. S. Court 
House, Northand Fayette streets ; Penitentiary and 
Prisons, Madison street; Corn Exchange, Soath 
street; the Shot Tower, Front and Fayette streets; 
Of Churches, in Baltimore as in Philadelphia, the 
most imposing is the Catholic, the Cathedral, at 
Cathedral and Mulberry streets, being the finest ec- 
clesiastical edifice in the city, with impressive towers 
and dome ; one of the largest organs in the country; 
and two pictures of great value within, a " Descent 
from the Cross" and "St. Louis Burying His 
Dead," respectively the gifts of the French Kings 
Louis XVI. and Charles X. After this, in archi- 
tectural interest, come the Unitarian, North 
Charles and Franklin streets; the Presbyterian, 
Madison and Park streets; Grace (Epis.), Monu- 
ment and Park streets; St. Paul's, Charles street, 
and many others, the city being by no means defi- 
cient in this detail. 

Of Literary Institutions and their edifices, may be 
named the University of Alaryland, with celebrated 
Medical Department, Green and Lombard streets; 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND 80 UTHEEN 167 

the Peabody Institute (founded by the late George 
Peabody), Charles and Monument streets; 8t 
Mary's College (Catholic), Franklin and Greene 
streets; Maryland Historical Society, Baltimore 
Library^ Mercantile Library., &c., rooms in the 
Atheneum, Saratoga and St. Paul streets ; College of 
Loyola (Catholic), Madison and Calvert screets; 
College of Pharmacy, North Calvert street; &c. 
Principal Theatres: the Holliday Street, street of 
same name ; the Front Street, or American, Front 
street; Baltimore Museum, Broad and Calvert 
streets; Grand Opera House (new); Concordia 
(German), South Eufcaw street. Prominent Hotels : 
the Mt. Vernon, GarrolUon, Barnum's, Eutaw, Gil- 
mour's, Fountain, and Maltby's. 

Cemeteries of prominence: Green Mount, Belvi- 
dere street and York avenue, with fine gateways 
and many handsome walks and monuments ; Lou- 
doun Park, also with fine gateway, Frederick 
road ; Baltimore Cemetery, North Gay street ; 
Mount Olivet, Frederick road ; Mount Carmel, 
Western, and other minor. Other Parks and Public 
Grounds : Druid Hill Park, very large and 
handsome grounds, recently laid out, in the 
Northern suburbs [street-car from city centres] ; 
Patterson Parle, East Baltimore street, with re- 
mains of earthworks of war of 1812 ; City Spring 
Grounds, North Calvert street; Union Square, 
West Lombard street; Federal Hill, with Signal 



ii^ 8B0RT-TRIP QUIBM. 

House and one of the very best views of the city and' 
harbor; Franhlin Square, Fayette street; Jackson 
Square, Hampstead street ; etc. 

Favorite Excursions, among others, to 

Fort McHenry and North Point, entrance of the 
harbor (before spoken of) ; to FranTclin, the Con* 
vent, &c., by the Frederick road [favorite drive] ; ta 
Govanstown, by the York road [drive] ; to Catons- 
ville and EllicoWs Mills [horse-car] ; to Toiosontown 
(military barracks, &c.) [horse-car] ; to Bel-Air^ 
Fi'anhlinton, &c.] [stage-coach]. Down the Ches- 
apeake Bay [boat, very frequent from harbor- 
wharves, during the warm season]. Longer Ex- 
cursions, among others, to 

Annapolis, Capital of the State of Maryland, 
and seat of the celebrated national Naval Academy. 
It lies on the little River Severn, near Chesapeake 
Bay; has a history of interest, dating back to 1G49; 
was the spot where Genl. Washington resigned hia 
commission at the close of the War of Independence ; 
and has, in addition to the other attractions named, 
an educational institution of prominence, St. JohiUs 
College, a State House, and much fine river and coast 
scenery in the neighborhood. [Reached from Bal- 
timore by the Baltimore and Washington road to 
Annapolis Junctio7i, thence branch road direct.] 
Also, by daily boat on Chesapeake Bay, to 

Norfolk, Virginia, on the Elizabeth River, at the 
extreme southern point of Chesapeake Bay, and the 
second town in Virginia in point of population 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND 80 VTEEBN. 169 

It has a fine harbor, with great depth of water; 
and is one of the greatest markets of wild-fowl 
(especially the celebrated "canvas-back" ducks 
of the Chesapeake), oysters, fruits and other 
supplies, to be found south of Philadelphia. Across 
the river from it are the Portsmouth JS/aval Be- 
pot, formerly the most extensive in the Union, but 
materially damaged by fire at the commencement 
of the secession war (1861), with the burning 
of the Pennsylvania, Merrimac and other war 
vessels, — and the Gosport Navy Yard, with Dry 
Docks of great size and cost. Norfolk and Ports- 
mouth harbor proper are defended by Fort Cal- 
houn and the works on Oraney Island ; while the 
entrance from the sea is commanded by Fortress 
Monroe, the largest fortification in the United States, 
erected at Old Point Comfort (also place of favorite 
summer resort), on the opposite or north side of the 
wide mouth of the James River (Hampton Roads), 
directly north and some fourteen miles distant. In 
the latter neighborhood may also be visited, Eliza- 
beth City and Hampton, more or less interestingly 
connected alike with the early history of Virginia 
and the secession troubles of 1861-5. May also be 
visited, from Norfolk or Old Point Comfort [boat], 
the site and Ruins of Jamestown, place of first set- 
tlement in Virginia, and scene of the romantic epi- 
sode of Captain John Smith and Pocahontas. [From 
Baltimore to Richmond by boat, every day during 
summer, with fine views throughout, and including 



170 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Sb distant one of the great dome of the Capitol at 
Washington.] [Norfolk to Kichmokd, by boat up 
the James Eiver ; or may be yisited from Richmond, 
by same conveyance.] Also, by Baltimore and Ohio 
Railroad (or by same road from Washington), 
through the Monocacy Valley, along the Upper Po- 
tomac and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, to 

Point of Rocks (railway connection to Frederick, 
Md.) ; to Hagerstown Junction (railway connection 
to Hagerstown ) ;' and to 

Harper's Ferry, on the Upper Potomac, at the 
intersection with that stream of the Shenandoah, 
with mountain and river scenery of the first mag- 
nificence, and the additional interest of having been 
the site of an important U. S. Armory and Arsenal 
(destroyed by fire in April, 1861), and the spot 
where John Brown, of Ossawatomie, made his cele- 
brated raid and virtually commenced the conflict of 
the secession, in October, 1859. Maryland, Bolivar 
and Loudoun Heights, and their fortifications, de- 
mand notice, as do a thousand natural beauties and 
warlike reminiscences certain to be suggested on. 
the spot. 

Froi^ Harper's Ferry, route on the Baltimore and 
Ohio road may be pursued to Sir Jolin^s Run, with 
stage connection to Berkeley Springs ; to Cumber- 
land, and across one of the finest passes of the Al- 
legheny Mountains to Pittsburo and the West. 
Or, from Harper's Ferry rail may be taken down 
the Shenandoah Valley, through the Valley of Vir- 
ginia, to Charlesto2un, Winchester, Strashurg, Har- 
risonburg and Staunton, with connections and de- 
tours of great interest. (See Route 9-J). 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN- AND SO UTHERN. 171 
Division 0. 

" BALTIMOEE TO WASHINGTON. 

Leave Baltimore by train on the Washington 
Branch of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, from 
Camden Station, by Washington Junction [whence 
connection, by the main line of the same road, west- 
ward to Harper's Ferry., d;c.] ; and by Hanover, 
Dorsey and other stations, to 

Annapolis Junction fconnection to Annapolis, 
as see " Excursions from Baltimore," preceding] ; 
thence by Savage, Latirel, White Oak Bottom, and 
other stations, to 

Bladenshurg, small town on the Eastern Branch 
of the Potomac, with a mineral-spring and some ce- 
lebrity as a healthful summer resort for Washington 
residents and others near; but much more as the 
scene of the disgraceful defeat of the American by 
the British forces, in August 1814, immediately pre- 
vious to the temporary occupation of the Capital — 
and also as the spot long famous as a duelling- 
ground for Congressional and other disputants. 
Very soon after leaving Bladenshurg is caught, 
what should by no means be lost, the 

First View of the Washington Capitol, scarcely 
second to the corresponding distant view of the 
dome of St. Peter's, in approaching Rome — the 
dome of the Capitol, since re-erection, being among 
the largest and finest in the world, and the first 
sight peculiarly impressive. But a little time and 



173 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

distance, following, before entering the somewhat 
straggling city, and disembarking at the foot of 
Capitol Hill— WASHiN(n»>>f . 

n 

Division D. i 

AT ANT) ABOUT WASHINGTON, WITH EXCURSIONS. 

Washington, capital city of the United States of 
America, and on many accounts specially interest- 
ing, as bearing the name of the Great Soldier and 
Patriot, as having been selected by him as the seat 
of Government, as having been the scene of all the 
central legislation of the country and many of its 
other historical events, and as possessing a location 
with many marked advantages and certain equally 
marked disadvantages almost counterbalancing the 
favorable, — lies in the District of Columbia, on the 
north bank of the Potomac Kiver, at some 70 miles 
from the embouchure of that river into Chesapeake 
Bay, and about 30 miles directly westward from the 
uearesc shore of that Bay, at a little southward of 
Annapolis. It supplies a geographical meridian of 
importance: Lat. 38" 53' 39" N.; Long. 77» 2' 
48" from Greenwich; and lies in a direct line, about 
120 miles south-west from Philadelphia, and about 
200 in a corresponding direction from New York. 
It dates, as the Capital, from the removal from 
Philadelphia, about 1800, though the corner-stone 
of the Capitol was laid in 1793. The city, as a mu- 
nicipality, dates from nearly the same time — is large 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AMD 80 XTTBERN. \1Z 

In extent, and by no means compact in its character; 
that fact having given rise, many years ago, to the 
irreverent soubriquet : the " City of Magnificent 
Distances." 

Among the undeniable advantages of Washing- 
ton, before referred to, are its picturesque location, 
with elevations and fine views at two points, — those 
of the Capitol, at the south-eastern end of (main) 
Pennsylvania Avenue, and the President's House 
and principal G-overnment Buildings, at the north- 
western end ; its ease of access from the sea, and ac- 
cessibility by railway from various important pomts ; 
its moderate climate in winter, principal season of 
legislative assemblage ; and its proximate centrality, 
as between North and South. Among the disad- 
vantages may be named the doubtful healthiness of 
some portions (including the Executive Mansion) in 
summer ; and its entire want of centrality towards 
the limited East and the widely-extended West — the 
latter feature having given rise to much dissatisfac- 
tion, of late years, and some efforts at effecting the 
removal of the seat of government to some one of 
the Western Cities — St. Jjouis being oftenest named. 
The governmental conveniences now existing on this 
spot, however, and the late completion of the en- 
larged Capitol, render it entirely improbable that 
any such removal will take place within the present 
century, and leave Washington to be visited and 
considered as the permanent capital of the United 
States. 



174 8H0RT-TEIF GUIDE. 

Of course first among its attractions, to tlie tour- 
ist, at whatever season, will be found 

The Capitol, standing on Capitol Hill, fronting 
east and west, and occupyiifg the same site as the 
original, founded by Washington and burned by the 
British in 1814, when the Congressional Library, 
many valuable pictures, the President's House a^jd 
other buildings, shared the same fate. The present 
structure, undeniably one of the noblest government 
buildings in the world, and with many grand and 
beautiful details in architecture, is an enlargement 
of that which replaced the burned building, and has 
consequently the blemish of showing some incon- 
gruity in materials and "afterthought" in design. It 
is immense in extent, however, the entire length being 
some 750 feet, with a wing depth of 300 and a body 
depth of 200; and the whole space of ground covered 
is said to be three and a half acres. Handsome 
grounds surround the Capitol, with fine shade trees 
and some good landscape gardening ; and from these 
grounds, below either front, and from the two fronts 
themselves, remarkably fine views may be obtained. 

The East Front, (main) has an immense colon- 
nade and portico, with Persico's statues of Colum- 
bus, of Washington, allegorical figures of Peace and 
War, Greenough's " Civilization," etc., on the portico 
and in the grounds adjoining; and it is here that 
the Inauguration Ceremonies of each incoming 
President take place, the auditory filling the portico 
and the grounds below. The West Front, less elabo- 



EO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND 80 UTHEBN. 175 

rate, has the view down Pennsylvania Avenue and 
over the city. The next most prominent feature, 
and perhaps the most notable of all, is 

TJie Dome, before spoken of as among the noblest 
in the world. It surmounts the centre of the pile, 
rising to a height of nearly 400 feet, crowned with 
a colossal statue of Freedom, by Crawford ; and is 
ascended, from within, by a spiral stairway, for the 
extensive and magnificent view of Washington, the 
Potomac, the near portions of the District, of Virginia, 
Maryland, etc. In the Rotunda, immediately under 
the dome, are to be seen the eight large historical 
pictures, " Discovery of the Mississippi," " Baptism 
of Pocahontas," "Declaration of Independence,'* 
" Surrender of Burgoyne," " Surrender of Oornwal- 
lis," " Washington Eesigning his Commission," and 
" Landing of Columbus." The Eotunda has also a 
"Massacre of the Innocents," portraits of Lincoln 
and others, some interesting historical bas reliefs, 
etc. The Canopy, surmounting, is elaborately 
painted in fresco, by Brumidi, and contains an im- 
mense number of allegorical and historical figures. 
Naturally the next objects of interest will be the 

Senate and Representative Chambers, the former 
situated in the north wing (or "extension" — new 
part of the building) and the latter in the south 
wing. They are both large, with good accommoda- 
tion for spectators (in the Strangers' G-alleries) ela- 
borately finished, lighted from above by hidden gas- 
burners through ground glass, and extremely well 



176 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

ventilated, but With their impressiveness materially 
marred by the low, flat ceilings. Both are reached 
by elaborate and costly stairways, really among the 
most notable features in the building ; and it may 
be said of both that, with whatever faults of con- 
struction, they are among the best of their class, in 
the world. Next in interest is to be visited the 

Supreme Court Room, a large semi-circular apart- 
ment in the north wing, with busts of former 
■Chief- Justices Jay, Rutledge, Ellsworth and Mar- 
shall; and beneath it the Old Supreme Court Room, 
now the Laio ' Library, with a fine collection of 
books in the higher branches of jurisprudence, and 
some peculiarities in the architecture of the room, 
commanding surprised attention. The 

Library of Congress, with some 90,000 to 100,000 
volumes (now accumulating very rapidly, as copies 
of all works published in America must be depo- 
sited there, to secure copy-right — as in the British 
Museum), and an immense number of valuable 
documents and manuscripts, — is in the western por- 
tion of the main building, and shows fire-proof book- 
cases and all appliances to guard against the recur- 
rence of fire, which has twice destroyed previous col- 
lections (1814 — war; and 1851, accidental.) But 
perhaps quite as interesting as any of the apartments 
named, is the 

Old Hall of Representatives, in the south wing of 
the centre building, semi-circular, with panelled 
ceiling and cupola, row of splendid columns in Vir- 



BO UTE NO. 9.- WmTEBJ^ AND SO UTHEBN. 177 

ginia green-stone ; and containing, among other 
objects of interest and value, Vanderlyn's "Wash- 
ington," a full-length of Lafayette, Franzoni's statue 
of History, statnes and busts of Washington, 
Kosciusko, Lincoln, Johnson, &c. Here, also, have 
spoken nearly all the great legislators of America 
in the past, making the place historically memora- 
ble. Opening from this into the corridor, may be 
seen the 

Bronze Columbus Boo?', modelled by Eogers and 
cast at Munich (where the model remains), repre- 
senting various scenes in the life and death of the 
discoverer, and considered among the best of con- 
temporary works. 

Many Other Apartments of interest maybe visited 
in the Capitol, among them the President's and 
Vice-President's Eoom, the Speaker's, Senators', Re- 
ception, &c., and some of the Committee Rooms, in 
the latter of which will be found displayed quite as 
much luxury (not always in the best taste) as can be 
found in any other portion of the structure. 

[Admission to the Capitol, and access to most of 
its rooms, every week-day, 10 to 3. Congress gen- 
erally in session, from early December to 4th March, 
in the years with odd numbers : in those with even 
numbers, (as 1872) the sessions often continuing far 
into the summer and even later. Admission to the 
Congressional Sessions, without card, and only 
limited by the capacity of the large galleries. In 
connection it may be well to say that the same 



178 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

hours (10 to 3) and the same freedom from routine 
or special application, apply to most of the Depart- 
ment buildings at Washington.] 

Next in importance to the traveler, of the build- 
ings of Washington, is the 

President's House (familiarly known as the 
^' White House," especially in political parlance), 
situated on the high ground at the opposite or 
north-western extremity of (main) Pennsylvania 
Avenue (principal drive and fashionable promenade 
of the city). It is of white stone, as its name indi- 
cates, has a colonnaded front but little architectural 
merit, stands near the Potomac and commands a 
fine view of that river and the opposite shore. It 
contains some handsome and well-appointed rooms, 
the East Room being the most notable ; but the lo- 
cation is not considered healthy in summer, and the 
Presidential family does not often steadily occupy it 
throughout that season. [Calls, without ceremonial 
or previous introduction, are generally received by 
the President every week-day, 10 to 1, except those 
devoted to Cabinet meetings or other special ap- 
pointments. No court-dress necessary or proper. 
Levees, during the Congressional Season, fortnight- 
ly; and weekly receptions, generally on Saturday 
mornings, by the Lady of the White House, with 
the President present.] 

The Patent Office, after those named, is un- 
doubtedly the most interesting place of visit in 
Washington, for its massive architecture and on ac- 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND 80 UTHEBN. 179 

<;ount of its extraordinary collection of mechanical 
and labor-saving implements, in which it has no 
equal in any country. It is located on F street 
(many of the Washington streets being thus desig- 
nated by letters), between Seventh and Ninth 
streets. The Model Room, occupying one entire 
floor, is divided into four halls, of which the East 
Hall is occupied by practical models ; the West 
Hall by rejected ones; the South Hall (with hand- 
some frescoed ceilings) by personal effects of Wash- 
ington, other Eevolutionary relics, (sword of Wash- 
ington and cane of Franklin, among others) medals 
and treaties with, and presents from foreign powers, 
Powers' Statue of Washington, &c., forming a 
unique, most valuable and interesting collection. 
Near the Patent Office is to be visited the 

General Post Office, an imposing Corinthian struc- 
ture, with the internal arrangements commanding a 
certain degree of attention, and some valuable re- 
cords of Franklin. Also, the City Post Office, in 
same building. The 

State, War and Navy Departments have buildings 
near each other and near the President's House, on 
Pennsylvania Avenue. Little of interest is to be 
found in either, except the Library of the State 
Department, and the Collection of Eelics of the 
War and Navy. Of much more importance to the 
visitor is the 

Treasiiry Department Building, on Fifth street, 
immense in size and of some architectural merit; 



180 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

while the details of Paper Money Printing [admis- 
sion by order from the Secretary of the Treasury — 
easily obtained], carried on in the upper and lower 
portions of the structure, are worthy of close atten- 
tion from their extent and completeness. The 

Smithsonian Institute (founded by the late James 
Smithson, Esq., of England), stands in extensive and 
highly ornamented grounds, called the Mall, west of 
the Capitol, and south-east of the President's 
House. It is of large-extent, built of red sand- 
stone, Norman in architecture, and has nine towers, 
of irregular heights. It contains an immense libra- 
ry-room, picture-gallery, lecture-room, laboratory, 
etc., and is already doing a noble work in the ad- 
vancement of science. At no considerable dis- 
tance from this, stands the 

Washington Monument, intended to be one of the 
largest in the world, but thus far simply one of the 
largest failures, the funds to complete it from its 
present height of 170 feet to the contemplated 600, 
not being forthcoming. It is at present no monu- 
ment but a curiosity. The 

National Observatory stands on Western Pennsyl- 
vania Avenue, half way between the President's 
House and Georgetown. It has a large transit and 
some other fine instruments, astronomical hbrary, 
clock, etc. 

The Public Grounds of Washington are princi- 
pally comprised in the Mall, on the banks of the 
Potomac, at and near the Smithsonian Institute ; 



BO UTE NO. 9.~ WESTERN AND SO UTHEBN. 181 

the Capitol Grounds, before spoken of; and Lafay- 
ette Square, near the President's House (with Clark 
Mills' equestrian statue of Jackson). Principal 
Cliurches: the Epipliany, (Epis.) Gr. Street, near 
Tliirteenth; Trinity (Epis.) Third sti*eet; St. John's 
(Epis.) Lafayette Sqpnare; Presbyterian, Fonr-and- 
a-half Street; St. Aloysius (Oath.) near the Capitol; 
Foundry church, (Meth. Epis.) Fourteenth street. 
Principal Theatres : tLe New National and WalVs 
Opera House, {Ford's Theatre, once a favorite, 
and the scene of the assassination of President 
Lincoln, April, 1865, is to be seen as a curiosity, 
but has never since been opened as a place of 
amusement). Public Hall: Lincoln Hall. Promi- 
nent Hotels: the Arlington ; St. Cloud; Hovjard; 
St. James' ; Willard's. 

Suburban and other excursions from Washington, 
will include those to the Soldiers' Home (Militaiy 
Asylum), three miles north of the city, and favorite 
resort of Presidential families in summer; the Arse- 
?ial, Greenleaf's Point, junction of Eastern Branch 
and Potomac, with interesting collection of ord- 
nance. To the 

Navy Yard, with ship-houses, an armory, etc., on 
the Eastern Branch, short walk south-east of the 
Capitol. To the 

Congressional Cemetery, lying on the Eastern 
Branch, north-east of the Capitol, with many scores 
of monuments to Members of Congress who have 
died at Washington, and specially notable menu- 



183 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

ments of interest, to William Wirt, George Clinton, 
Elbridge Gerry, and others; also Glenwood, rival 
cemetery of much beauty, lying north of the Capi- 
tol. To the 

Lotig Bridge, crossing the Potomac to the Vir- 
ginia shore, from near the Mall, to Alexander's 
Island, and computed to have carried over half a 
miUion of troops during the war of the secession. 
To 

Georgi:town, a handsome suburb, lying at the 
West, beyond Rock Creek, with fine view from the 
Heights and much interest in the Aquedicct, carry- 
ing the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal over the Poto- 
mac ; also, Georgetoivn College (Jesuit), at the west 
end of the town, with library, museum, observatory, 
etc.; the Convent of the Visitation, Fa,yette street; 
Asylum for Children ; Oak Hill Cemetery (with 
handsome Chapel, fine monument to M. Bodisco, 
etc.) To 

Arlington House, former mansion of George 
Washington Parke Custis, stepson of Washington* 
and later of General Robert E. Lee, of the Confed- 
erate service, but the property since occupied as a 
Freedman's Village, and most of the rare Washing- 
ton and other reHcs carried away, though the place 
must always retain a certain historical interest. To 

Little and Great Falls, on the Potomac, above 
Georgetown, with handsome scenery and specially 
fine fishing. [All the last named places are most 
conveniently reached by carriage]. To 



ROUTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AMD SO UTHERN. 183 

Alexandria, old town of Virginia, on the West- 
ern side of the Potomac, seven miles below "Wash- 
ington — once of heayy commercial importance, bnt 
now decayed. It has interesting historical reminis- 
cences, in the fact that Gen. Braddock's unfortu- 
nate expedition to Fort Duquesue, wkich brought 
Col. Washington to notice, was fitted out here; also 
in his pew in Christ Church, still preserved, and 
other relics of the Father of his Country. It has a 
later and melancholy interest as the spot (at the 
Marshall House) where Col. Ellsworth, the Zouaye, 
and Ms slayer, Jackson, were both shot, in May, 
1861. It has also a Museum, Court House, Theolog- 
ical Seminary, etc. [Reached from Washington by 
special boat here and to Mount Vernon ; or by regu- 
lar daily boat on way to Aquia Creek, Fortress 
Monroe, and Richmond. Also, by rail or road. 
Railway connection, north to WashhsTgton" ; south 
to Aquia Creek, Richmond, etc.; northwest to 
Leeshurg, Hahper's Ferry, Gliamlersburg, etc; 
west and southwest (through a succession of the 
early battle-fields of the secession war), to Fairfax 
Court House, Ifanassas Junction (battle-field of 
Bull Rwi in immediate neighborhood) connection 
northwestward to Strashurg, Winchester, etc.), War^ 
renton Junction (for Warrenton), Culpepper, Orange 
Court House, Gordonsville, Charlottesville (seat 
of the University of Virginia, and with " Monti- 
cello," home of Thomas Jefferson, lying near), Sum- 
mit, and other stations, to 



184 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Staunton, principal depot of the Chesapeake and 
Ohio road (connection northward to Harrisonburg 
and to Harper's Ferry) ; to Gosheii (near connec- 
tions to Rockbridge Ahim, Bath Alum, Jordan 
Alum and other Springs; and by stage to Rock- 
bridge Baths, Lexington, the Natural Bridge, &c.) ; 
to CovuKjton ; through Alleghenies to Wliite Sul- 
phur Sprinrjs, (see, for all these connections, Route 
9^); to HuNTiisrGTON, on the Ohio River, terminus 
of the Cliesapeake and Ohio road, &c.] 

Of course tlie most interesting of all excursions- 
from Washington will be that to 

Mount Verjton, old residence and burial-place 
of Washington, lying on the west Ijank of the Poto- 
mac, eight miles below Alexandria. It is, to Am- 
ericans, unquestionably the most sacred of places on 
the continent, and only less interesting to those 
from other lands. Though somewhat decayed, the 
House (now the property of the Nation, through 
the labors of Edward Everett and the ladies of the 
" Ladies Mount Vernon Association "), commands a 
beautiful view of the river, is in fair preserva- 
tion, and contains many valuable relics, among 
others, pictm-es and furniture of Washington, the 
Key of the Bastille, presented to him by Lafayette, 
etc. Tlic Tomb, of brick, stands near the house, 
under heavy shade, with an open grated doorway 
through which the sarcopha.gi of Washington and 
his wife arc seen ; with other tombs of the family 
visible without; the archway of the tomb bearing 
the simple inscription : " Within this enclosure rest 



RO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHERN. 185 

the reinains of General George Washmgton." Not 
far distant is the original Tomb, now crumbling to 
dust. [Eeacbed from Washington by boat ; or by 
boat to Alexandria, and drive, or by drive. If by 
boat, with view of and stop at old Fort Washington, 
once a fortification of some consequence, on the 
eastern side of the Potomac, between Alexandria 
and Mount Vernon. 

Other Excursions fr.)m Washington, those to 
Bull Run, scene of the first important battle of 
the secession [reached from Alexandria, by Manas- 
sas Junction], and other fields of the late conflict. 
Also, nearly the same, in different directions, with 
obvious variation of railway routes, as those from 
Baltimore — see close of Division B, this route. 

Division E. 

WASHINGTON", TO AND AT KICHMOND, VA. 

Leave Washington by morning boat on the Poto- 
tnac river, to Alexatidria^ Va., on the right, [See 
previous Division] ; thence by Foi't Washingto7i, on 
the left [See same], and Mount Vernon, on the right 
[See same] ; to 

Aquia Creek, small village deriving its only im- 
portance from this transit, at the junction of the 
Creek of that name with the Potomac. Thence rail, 
on the Richmond, Fredericsburg and Potomac road, 
to 

FeedHbicsburg, on the right bank of Rappahan- 



186 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

nock Kiver — old town of importance in early Virgi- 
nia hivStory, and especially notable from the fact thai 
George Washington" was born in the immediate 
neighborhood. This event, so important to the 
Western World and indeed to all mankind, took 
place upon what has long been known as the Wake 
field Estate, at an inconsiderable distance from the 
town, within the limits of Westmoreland county; 
and though the birth-place has long been destroyed, 
the spot is commemorated by a stone slab erected 
there by George W. P. Custis, step-son of Washing- 
ton, in 1815, and bearing the brief inscription: 
**Here, the 11th of February, {0. S.) 1732, George 
Washington was Born." The mother of Washington 
resided, late in life, at Fredericsburg, and died and 
was buried there ; her monument, in the outskirts of 
the town, inaugurated by President Jackson in 1833, 
still shamefully remaining unfinished. The house is 
still pointed out, at the corner of Lewis and Charles 
streets, where she saw her distinguished son for the 
last time. Fredericsburg has also a later celebrity, 
as the scene, and in the neighborhood, of a consider- 
able amount of the fighting of the secession war, in 
1862, '63, and later ; and the country in the vicinity 
has by no means recovered from the devastation of 
those conflicts. Fredericsburg, by Milford, Chester^. 

Sexton's Junction [connection westward, by Ches- 
apeake and Ohio Railroad, to Gordonsville, Staunton^ 
and White Sulphur Springs,'] to 

Richmond, on the James River, capital of the 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WE8TEEN AND SO XTTHEBN. 187 

State of Virginia, and ever memorable as the later 
seat of the Confederate Government, and the object 
of an investiture and siege by the United States 
forces, that seemed literally hopeless and intermina- 
ble. It lies on the left or north bank of the James 
at the Lower Falls, or end of that series of rapids ex- 
tending six miles above and supplying the city with 
the needed water-power for its many flour-mills, to- 
bacco and other manufactories. The most conspic- 
uous object in the city, from the height of its posi- 
tion as well as from other causes, is 

TJie Capitol, located on Shockoe Hill, a considera- 
ble elevation, and thus looking down upon the major 
portion of the city. It is Greek in the character of 
its architecture, with porticos, and a tall, narrow 
dome, and is generally impressive in effect, though 
the details are by no means faultless. It stands in a 
public square elevated as already named, and com- 
mands a fine view, especially from the portico or 
dome, over the James Eiver, its islands, and a wide 
stretch of country. Internally, there is not much of 
interest in the legislative halls; the principal at- 
traction centering in the splendid marble statue of 
Washington, by Houdon, considered the best extant, 
standing in the central hall, under the dome — and 
in the historical reminiscences, now so varied, inevi- 
tably clustering round the principal place of direc- 
tion of the short-lived Confederacy. 

Other Principal Buildings, worth visit: Richmond 
and St. Vincent Colleges; the City Hally Custom 



188 SHORT- TRIP O UIBE. 

House and Penitentiary ; aud, as special objects of 
interest connected with the war, Castle Thunder and 
the Libby Priso7i. Also may be visited with profit, 
some of the many Flouring Mills, in which some of 
the best wheat in the world is prepared. Leading 
Churches: St. Johi's and the Monumental, with 
many others only less interesting. Other objects of 
interest : the old Lines of Fortification defending the 
city during the siege ; the Rapids (or Falls of the 
James); the entrance of the James Kiver and 
Kanawha Canal, etc. Leading Hotel : the Ballard. 
[Principal railway connections from Richmond: 
northward, by routes just traversed, to Washington, 
etc. ; eastward to the White House and Chesapeake 
Bay ; southward, by Petersburg and Weldon road, to 
Weldon and Wilmington (N. 0.) ; westward, by 
Sexton's Junction and Gordonsville, to Charlottes- 
ville, Staunton, Covington, White Sulfhur Springs, 
&c. ; south-westward, by Richmond and Danville 
road, to Greensboro (N. C), and Columbia and 
Charleston (S. C.) ; also south-westward, by 
South Side and Tennessee roads (by Burkeville 
Junction) to Lynchburg, and across the Alleghe- 
nies to Knoxville (Tenn.), and other places in ex- 
treme south and west. (See routes following.) ] 



ROUTE NO. 9 1-2-SPECIAL VIRGINIAN TOUR" 

BALTIMORE OR WASHINGTOlfr TO PRINCIPAL VIR- 
GINIA SPRINGS, NATURAL CURIOSITIES AND 
MOUNTAINS, AND TO LYNCHBURG 
AND RICHMOND. 

' Division A. 

BY harper's ferry TO BERKELEY SPRINGS. 

Leave Baltimore or Wasliiiigton by Baltimore and 
Ohio railroad, along the Upper Potomac and the 
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, with burned bridges 
and other traces of the late secession war, through 
Monocacy Valley to 

Point of Rocks, commencement of the rough di- 
vision made by the Potomac River between the 
States of Maryland and Virginia (railway con- 
nection northward to Frederick) ; to Hagerstown 
Junction (railway connection northward to Hagers- 
tovj7i) ; to 

* Tickets, information, and all facilities for tliis tour, are supplied 
by Messrs. Cook, Son & Jenkins, 261 Broadway, New York, one of the 
members of which firm has deserved the thanks of travellers by bis 
efforts for better opening Virginia to tourists, and calling closer and 
vider attention to the noble scenery of the section. 



189o SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Harper's Ferry, at the intersection of the 
Upper Potomac with the Shenandoah, and consid- 
ered one of the most picturesque passes in America, 
as well as a point of much importance in late history. 
(See Route 9, Division B, p. 170.) Among its 
objects of special interest are the ruins of the U. S. 
Arsenal; Maryland, Loudoun, and other heights, 
through which the Potomac makes its grand pas- 
sage ; the very fine iron bridge over the river, &c. 
At this point the railroad, which has before followed 
the Maryland shore, crosses to that of Virginia, and 
continues for some distance within sight of the Poto- 
mac. The next station of importance is that of 

Martinshurg, famous during the war for conflict- 
ing loyalty and rebelliousness, and the home of the 
ultra-Southern heroine, Belle Boyd : now a thriving 
town, with railway-shops, the county Fair-Grounds, 
and a rough but picturesque location. By minor 
stations to 

Sir John^s Run, on the Potomac, spot of one 
of the encampments of Gen. Braddock, on the 
way to his disastrous defeat at Fort Duquesne, and 
named for Sir John Sinclair, commander of his van- 
guard. Also noted for the experiments of Rumsey, 
who here constructed one of the earliest steamboats. 

[Beyond Sir John's Run, for Cumberland, Pitts- 
burg and the West, continue by the Baltimore and 
Ohio road, crossing the Alleghenies, through scenery 
of marked magnificence.] 

At Sir John's Run, for the purposes of this tour. 



SPECIAL VIRGINIAN TOUB 189& 

stage is taken, through very fine mountain scenery, 
for a short ride to 

Berkeley Springs, one of the oldest and most 
noted of the Virginia watering-places, at which Gen. 
Washington, Thomas Jefferson and other great men 
of the past had suinmer residences, and sought 
health and relaxation. The Springs lie in a pleasant 
valley, hemmed in by mountains, and are alleged to- 
possess a specially breezy atmosphere, at all seasons ; 
and the waters, merely tepid, have a high repute for 
bathing. The place has a certain additional cele- 
brity, as the residence of "Porte Crayon" (Genl. D. 
H. Strother), the well-known illustrator of Virginia- 
scenery. Principal Hotel: the Pavilion, with fine 
grounds and baths of great completeness. 

Eeturn from Berkeley Springs to Sir John's Run 
and to Harper's Ferry, for pursuance of this tour ; 
changing cars ai Harper's Ferry to Winchester and 
Potomac road. 

Division B. 
'harper's ferry to Ai;rB at weyer's cave. 

Leave Harper's Ferry by the Winchester and 
Potomac road, down the Shenandoah Valley, with 
shallow river on the left, and many marks of the de- 
struction wrought in the Valley, by fire and other- 
wise, during the secession war. Through a very 
fine agricultural country, opening what is more 
generally called the " Valley of Virginia." Half an 
hour from Harper's Ferry brings 



1896 8H0BT-TBIP OUIDE. 

Charlestown, a village of little prominence, b» i 
always notable, henceforth, as the place where John 
Brown, of Osawattomie, was tried and executed, for 
his armed invasion of the State, at Harper's Ferry. 
The spot where Brown was hung is visible in a high 
field, at the left of the road, shortly after passing 
through the main village. Continuing through a 
very rich agricultural country, something less than 
one hour brings 

Winchester, thriving town of the Valley, with the 
ice Mountain, where blocks of ice are said to be 
found all the year round, the Capon Springs, the 
Hanging Rocks, and other natural curiosities, with- 
in easy reach — and having now a peculiar historic 
and romantic interest, as the spot of an important 
conHict and the place of termination of T. Bucha- 
nan Read's celebrated poem, " Sheridan's Ride." 
During all this ride down the Valley of Virginia, 
grand mountain scenery accompanies, at a distance, 
the Blue Ridge at the East and the North Mountain 
range at the West, seeming to shut the whole Val- 
ley away from the world. Also, many ravines and 
high bridges add picturesqueness to the journey. 
At 

Strashurg Junction connection is made with the 
Washington City, Virginia Midland and Great 
Southern railroad, from and to Manassas Junction, 
Washington", Alexandria, &c. Passing Woodstock^ 
Mount Jackson, and other stations, and Ncwmarkel 
<(stage connection for Gordonsville), is reached 



SPECIAL VIBGINIAN TOUR. 189(? 

Harrisonburg, end of rail in this direction, until 
the completion of the line through to the Chesa- 
peake and Ohio road at Staunton, and always one of 
the points of departure for Wejer's Cave. Leading 
Hotel: Effinger's. 

At Harrisonburg, or at Weyer's Cave Station, a 
few miles beyond, stage-coach or private carriage 
may he taken for the ride, through a moderately 
broken country, to 

Weyer's Cave, one of the most remarkable and 
beautiful subterranean passages in the world, and 
considered more varied in its spectacles than the 
Mammoth Cave of Kentucky, though much smaller. 
It lies on one of the branches of the Shenandoah, a 
few miles west of the Blue Ridge, and has been prin- 
cipally made known to the world (though known 
since 1804), by "Porte Crayon," in his "Virginia 
Illustrated." For any adequate impression of this 
cave, its many chambers, great extent, wonderful 
variety, and the singular character of its stalactites 
and stalagmites, dependence must be entirely placed 
upon personal observation, the guide (always in 
readiness), and the local hand-book cheaply sup- 
plied. The visitor should be advised, however^ 

(1) that he is undoubtedly visiting one of the 
most notable subterranean marvels in any land; 

(2) that a considerable amount of fatigue is in- 
volved in any thorough exploration; but that (3) 
no danger whatever is incurred, if the guide's di- 
rections are obeyed; though (4) fine clothing is 



i89« SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

apt to become a trifle smirched, and ladies' long 
dresses are out of place; and (5) night is con- 
sidered a better time for the visit than day, as 
the eyes are not subjected to such changes be- 
tween the world outside the cave and the torch- 
light realm within it. Hotel (and place for pro- 
curing guide), Mohler's Weyer's Cave Hotel. In the 
vicinity of Weyer's Cave are Madison'' s Cave (de- 
scribed by Thos. Jefferson in '' Notes on Virginia"), 
Fountain Cave, and others minor but interesting to 
those making longer sojourns. 

From Weyer's Cave, return by stage-coach or car- 
riage to connection with the rail between Harris- 
onburg and Staunton, at Weyer's Cave Station, 
thence by rail to Staunton; or, to Mount Sidney y 
And continue by carriage (turnpike, and fine drive), 
to Staunton. 

Division C. 

AT STAUNTON, AND TO THE WHITE SULPHUR 
SPRINGS. 

Staunton, thriving town of considerable age, 
county town of Augusta County, noted for its Col- 
legiate Schools, and seat of two State institutions of 
consequence — the Hospital for the Insane, and the 
Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind, — 
has lately sprung into increased prominence as the 
head quarters of the just-completgd Chesapeake and 
Ohio railroad, extending from Chesapeake Bay ^ 
the Ohio River. It has also additional importa'f'^' 



SPECIAL VIRGINIAN TOUB. 189/ 

as a place of rendezvous for tourists to the various 
springs and natural curiosities adjacent. Principal 
Hotel : the American. [Railway connections, east 
to CharloUesville, Richmond, Norfolk, &c. ; west by 
route about to be traversed; south by stage (rail in 
contemplation) to Bonsack^s, and the Virginia and 
Tennessee road, for the south-west.] 

From Staunton, for pursuance of this route — by 
tlie Chesapeake and Ohio railroad, by 

Goshen^ village with important connections to 
many of the more important Springs, the Natural 
Bridge, &c. (hereafter to be noted) ; at this point 
the scenery along the road commencing and con- 
tinuing to be singularly wild and grand, ranking 
among the best of its class in America — all the dis- 
tance through and from the North Mountain chain, 
to and through the Alleghenies. Among the most 
prominent points to be noted, are the rocky pass of 
Panther Gap, the huge bulk of Griffith's Knob, 
and the picturesque mouth of the Cow Pasture 
River. At 

Millioro is the point of leaving the rail by coach 
for the Warm Springs, and the "Warm Spring Moun- 
tain, long celebrated for grandeur of view. Pur- 
suing route by the rail, however, is passed the grand 
scenery of Clifton Forge, with the wild entrance of 
Jackson's River ; and not far beyond is reached 

Covington, mere railway hamlet ; beyond which 
point the scenery is even wilder than before, with 
the great Clay Cut, the tremendous embankment 



189^ mORTTRIP GUIDE. 

of Jerry's Run, and two immense Tunnels— the 
second and longest through one of the mountains 
of the main Allegheny ridge; shortly after which 
are reached 

Wliitc SiilpJiur Springs (station, and place ol 
popular resort). 

[Beyond the White Sulphur Springs, for those 
going West, rail is continued, by Crcmley Bridge, 
Charleston, BarloursvilU, &c., to Huntington and 
the Ohio River.] The 

White Sulphur Springs (hotel and grounds) 
lie very near the station. The grounds are very ex- 
tensive, and well laid out; and the hotel building, 
taking name from the Springs, is large and commo- 
dious, though old (having entertained the flower of 
Southern aristocracy through the summers of more 
than half a century), while nearly one hundred cot- 
tages, in " Rows," circling the grounds, afford favor- 
ite accommodation. The waters of the Springs are 
strongly sulphuric, as the name indicates, and are 
held to be a specific in many diseases ; though no 
doubt the principal attraction of the place is, after 
all, compounded of fashion and the fine surrounding 
scenery. 



SPECIAL VmaiNIAN TOUR 188A 

Division D. 

TO LEXINGTOIS", THE NATUEAL BRIDGE, LTFCHBUBO 
AND KICHMOND. 

Eeturn, from the "White Sulphur Springs, by Ches- 
apeake and Ohio road, by Covington, &c., to 

Goshen, before named in proceeding westward- 
important as being the centre or point of departure 
for many places of popular resort. [Among others 
reached from Goshen by coach, are the Cold White 
Sulphur Springs, 2 miles; the RocTcbridge Ahem 
Springs, 8 miles; and the Jordan Alum Springs, 8 
miles : besides others embraced in the tour follow- 
ing.] 

Leave Goshen, by stage-coach, through the very 
wild and picturesque Goshen Pass, along the North 
Fork of the James Eiver, to 

Roclcbridge Baths, popular place of summer re- 
sort, beside the North Fork of the James, and with 
iodine and magnesia waters, said to be of the first 
excellence. Hotel : the RocTcbridge Baths. 

From Rockbridge Baths, continue by stage-coach 
to 

Lexington, important town and tourist centre, 
seat of the Virginia Military Institute, and of 
Washington and Lee University, and with the tombs 
of Generals Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson 
commanding attention. Has also, at the University, 
an Astronomical Observatory of note, founded by 
McCormick, inventor of the Reaper, a native of 



18W SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

this county (Rockbridge). Leading Hotel : the Na- 
Monal. 

[From Lexington, by stage or private carriage, 
'excursion may be made to the Peaks of Otter, moun- 
tains of peculiar beauty, southward ; or stage may be 
taken to Bonsach's, and connection made with the 
Virginia and Tennessee road,] 

From Lexington, by stage or carriage, to the 
Natural Bridge, first curiosity of Virginia, 
and one of the grandest in the world. It crosses, in 
a natural arch of some ninety feet, and with a 
height of over two hundred feet, the deep chasm of 
Cedar Creek, flowing into the James ; and neither 
pen nor pencil can do justice to the absolute gran- 
deur of the structure, as witnessed from below and 
above. Best points of view, and peculiar oddities 
of resemblance to faces and animals under the arch, 
pointed out by guides. The tourist may or may not 
recognize the Eagle with outstretched wings, the 
Lion's head, the Goddess of Liberty, and other 
striking similitudes to men and animals, in the 
moss and discoloration of the under-surface ; but it 
is sure that he will realize the grandeur of the struc- 
ture, which is so wide, above, and so solid, that one 
of the great public roads of the county passes over 
it, and thousands ride across in stage-coach or wagon 
without being aware of the terrible gulf beneath, 
except their attention is called to it. Much inte- 
rest is always excited by the initials cut at different 
heights under the arch, by adventurous climbers; 



SPECIAL VIBGimAN TOUR 18Q?* 

and many fancy, perhaps with reason, that those of 
Oeorge Washington (known to have been a visitor 
and admirer of the Natural Bridge) may be dis- 
covered in a certain locality. From above, at both 
sides, very fine views over the creek and the adjacent 
country may be obtained; though prudence should 
be observed in going near to either edge. There is 
also a view, at some distance from the road, of the 
Bridge itself, which should not be lost. Hotel: the 
Natural Bridge. Some notable Caves lie in the neigh- 
borhood, partaking of the character of Weyer's and 
others. 

From Natural Bridge, by carriage, to Gilmour^s 
Mill; and thence daily (evening) packet-boat on 
the James River and Kanawka Canal, through fine 
scenery, to 

Lynchburg, on the James River — flourishing town, 
and great depot of the tobacco-trade, as well as rail- 
way centne of importance. [Connections, westward 
by the Virginia and Tennessee road ; northward to 
Charlottesville and Gordonsville, for Eastern Virginia, 
Washingtoit, &c. ; southward to Danville, for North 
Carolina, &c. ; eastward by route about to be trav- 
ersed.] Leading Hotels : the Norvell and Piedmont. 

From Lynchburg, by the South Side railroad, by 
Burkeville Junction, to Richmond. (See Route 9, 
p. 186 and following.) 

Richmond to Washikgton" by reverse of Route 9, 
Division E, p. 185 ; or by Chesapeake and Ohio road 
to Gordonsville (Junction), and thence by Wash- 



189* BHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

ington City, Virginia Midland and Great Southern 
road, — for return northward ; or eastward, or south- 
ward, by other lines of connection from that city. 
(See Roate 9, pw 188.) 



fiOUTE NO. lO-SOUTH'WESTERN (SEMhSKELE- 
TON.) 

RICHMOND, BY EALEIGH, WILMINGTON, COLUMBIA, 

CHARLESTON, ATLANTA, MONTGOMERY AND 

MOBILE, TO NEW ORLEANS. 

Riclimond by rail on Petersburg and Weldon road, 
to Petersburg (with fortifications remaining, and 
other traces of the late struggle. [Connection 
south-eastward to Suffolk and Norfolk.] Thence 
by Hichford Junction [connection south to Weldon, 
Goldsboro and Wilmington'\,yf\-iexe. Raleigh and Gas- 
ton road is taken,- — and by Ridgeivay Junction; to 

Raleigh, capital of the State of North Carolina, 
on the Neuse River, and named after Sir Walter 
Raleigh. It has an imposing State House, hand- 
some Union Square, State Lunatic Asylum and 
many other objects of interest. From Raleigh ; by 
the North Carolina and Wilmington roads, to 

Wilmington, on the Cape Fear river, largest and 
chief commercial city of the State, with steamers to 
New York; extensive exports of naval stores ; some 
good pwblic buildings; Forts Fisher and Caswell 
(bombarded during the war), etc. Wilmington, by 
Columbia and Augusta road to Florence ; thence by 
North-eastern road to 

Charleston, principal city of South Carolina, 



190 8E0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and one of the leading sea-ports of the South [may 
be reached by steamer direct from New York], as 
well as especially celebrated as having been the spot 
at which the first fighting of the secession occurred^ 
and for a long time the stronghold of the Confede- 
rates and object of Federal siege. It lies at the 
confluence of the Ashley and Cooper rivers, has a 
fine harbor, and very strong fortifications, in Forts 
Moultrie, Castle Pinchney, etc., and also the ruins of 
the celebrated Fort Sumter. It has many good pub- 
lic buildinga, though many were destroyed during 
the war, from which the city is only slowly recover- 
ing. Among the most interesting buildings are the 
Old State House, (now Court House), Ne^u Custom 
House, City Hall, Orphan Asylum, St. Michael's: 
Church (with fine old tower), Cliarleston College, etc. 
Principal Public Ground : the Battery, at the har- 
bor-side. Principal Cemetery: Magnolia Cemetery y 
considered the finest in the South. Leading Hotels : 
the Charleston, Mills House and Pavilion. [Near 
connection south-westward, by Charleston and Sa- 
vannah road, to 

Savankah, principal town of the State of Georgia^ 
on south bank of the Savannah Kiver, with remark- 
ably wide streets, fine shade, many notable public 
buildings, revolutionary and secession reminiscences,, 
and considered one of the healthiest of the Southern 
cities. Principal Hotels: the Screven, Pulaski,. 
and Marshall. Connection from Savannah south- 
westiward to Tallahassee and other towns of Florida.] 



BO UTE NO. 10.— 80 UTE- WESTERN. 191 

From Charleston, by South Carolina road, by 
Branchville and Kingsville, to 

Columbia, capital of South Carolina, beautifully 
situated on the Oongaree river, with what is consid- 
ered the handsomest State-Capitol in the Union, 
the South Carolina College, and many other attrac- 
tions, though burned during the war, and only par- 
tially recovered. Leading Hotel : Nickerson's. From 
Columbia, by Columbia and Augusta road, to 

AtTGUSTA, important town of Georgia, and second 
in the State ; on the Savannah River, with Powder 
and Cotton Factories, a large U. S. Arsenal in the 
neighborhood, handsome City Hall, and many at- 
tractions as a residence. Leading Hotels : the Au- 
'justa and Planters'. From Augusta, westward, by 
the Georgia road, to 

Atlanta, capital of the State of Georgia, lying 
at the intersection of the Georgia road west, the At- 
lantic road southward from Chattanooga and Nash- 
TiLLB, the Macon road south to Macon, &c. ; and with 
a certain other interest in its siege during the war, 
and as the point of departure of Sherman, on his 
" March to the Sea." Hotel .- the KimbaH. From 
Atlanta, by Atlanta and West Point and Montgom- 
ery and West Point roads, by West Point, to 

Montgomery, capital of Alabama, and for a time 
the seat of the Confederate Government, before re- 
moval to Richmond. It lies on the Alabama river, 
has a commanding site, a Capitol worthy of atten- 
tion, and many other good buildings, though having 



193 SHORT-TRIP OUWE. 

Beveral times suffered severely by j5re. Prominent 
Hotels : the Central and Excliange. From Montgo- 
mery south-westward, by Mobile and Montgomery 
road, by Pollard (Junction : railway connection to 
Pensacola, handsome town on Pensacola Bay, near 
the Gulf of Mexico, with tine harbor, U. S. Naval 
Station, etc. — leading Hotels: Bedell, Winter and 
St. Marijs Hall) ; to 

Mobile, on the Bay of the same name, branch of 
the Grulf of Mexico. It is the most important sea- 
port of Alabama, and, in spite of bad navigation, the 
second of the Great Cotton-ports of the Gulf. It 
has few public buildings of interest, but fine water- 
views, extensive fortifications, and a romantic his- 
toric interest as the scene of Farragut's fearful '' pas- 
sage of the Forts" and lashing himself in the shrouds 
of his vessel in the midst of their fire. [Communi- 
cation by steamers and sailing-vessels, to New Or- 
leans, Galveston, and many other ports on the 
Gulf.] Leading Hotel: the Battle House. From 
Mobile, by Mobile and Texas road, to 

New Orleans, largest city of the State of Loui- 
siana, and first cotton port of the South, as well as 
entrepot for products coming down the Mississippi 
Kiver, of which it lies at near the debouchure into 
the Gulf of M^exico. New Orleans, familiarly called 
the " Crescent City," from its shape on the river, 
used also to be called the " Paris of America," and 
has not quite lost all the characteristics of gaiety 
bestowing: the name. It lies on laiid lower than th<» 



ROUTE NO. Id.— SOUTH-WESTERN. 193 

river, rendering necessary a great embankment, call- 
ed tlie Levee, which also supplies both wharves and 
promenades, along which may be seen the most 
marked features of the city. Among the later nota- 
ble events connected, were another "passing of the 
Forts," below, {Forts Jackson and St. Philip) by 
Admiral Farragut, and the occupation of the city by 
the somewhat-unpopular commandant. Gen. B. F. 
Butler. Among the most important buildings are 
the Custom House, Canal street, one of the largest in 
America; the JJ. 8. Branch Mint; the City Hall; 
Odd Felloius Hall; Masonic Hall; Merchants' Ex- 
change ; U. 8. Marine Hospital, etc. It has many fine 
churches, with the Eoman Catholic Cathedral of St. 
Louis the most prominent ; and of its public grounds 
the most notable are the Neiu City Parh, Lafayette 
Square, JacTcson Square, etc. Most attractive Ceme- 
teries : Cypress Grove, Greemuood, and Monument 
(soldiers'). There are two Monuments of interest: 
the Clay, on Canal street, and the JacTcson (unfin- 
ished) on the Battle-field, below the city. One of 
the most interesting features of New Orleans is to 
be found in the Markets, which should be visited 
early in the morning, not only to observe the im- 
mense variety of articles on sale, but the negro, half- 
Spanish and half-French characters of dealers and 
customers. Principal Theatres: the Opera House^ 
St. diaries. Varieties and Academy of Music. Prom- 
inent Hotels : the >S'^. Charles, St. Louis, St. James^ 
and City. Excursions may be made to the Battle- 



194 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Field, scene of Gen. Jackson's victory over Sir 
Edmund Pakenham, Jan. 8th, 1815, four or five 
miles below the city ; to the U. S. Barracks, a little 
above ; to La^e Ponchartrain, above the city (famous 
for fishing and shooting, in the season) ; to the 
Delta and the Moitths of the Mississippi, some 
twenty-five miles below. 

[New Orleans has regular communication, by 
steamer, to New York ; to Havana (Cuba) ; to 
Galveston (Texas) ; and neaj'ly all important Gulf 
ports. Also by steamer up the Mississippi, to Mem- 
phis, Cairo, St. Louis, and all important towns on 
that river. Also by rail, by Jackson (Miss.) to Merri' 
phis; and thence to all towns and cities in the 
North, North-east or North-west] 



ROUTE NO. 11 -SOUTH-WESTERN {SKELETON.} 

WASHINGTON" OE RICHMOND, BY LYNOHBUR», 

KKOXVILLE AND CHATTANOOGA, TO 

MOBILE AND NEW ORLEANS. 

Washington by rail, by Alexandria; and by 
Orange, Alexandria and Manassas road (by Manassas 
Junction), to GJiarlottesville (Junction — connection 
westward to Staunton, etc.) ; thence direct to Lynch- 
burg. Or, Richmond by South Side road to Burh- 
viUe (Junction — intersection with Eichmond and 
Danville road, southward; ; tnence airect by A^ppo- 
mattox, and other stations, to 

Lynchburg, on the James River, and the James 
River and Kanawha Oanal — important tobacco-depot 
and flourishing town. [Most convenient railway 
point, from which to reach, by canal-packet or car- 
riage, those great natural curiosities, the Natural 
Bridge and the (Mountain) Peaks of Otter.'] From 
Lynchburg, by Virginia and Tennessee Road, by 
Bonsac¥s [stage connection to Natural Bridge, 
Lexington, &c.] ; Big Tunnel [passage of the Alle- 
gheny Mountains; horse-car connection to Alle- 
gheny Springs'] ; Bristol, and other stations, to 

Knoxville, important town of the State of Ten- 
nessee, on the Holston River, with the University of 



196 8H0BT-TEIP GUIDE. 

Bast Tennessee^ many railway connections, and much 
popularity as a place of residence. Knoxville to 

Chattanooga, on the Tennessee river, near the 
boundaries of Alabama and Georgia, and one of the 
most important railway centres of the south-west; 
but additionally celebrated, since the war, for the 
battles of Cliickamauga and Loohout Mountain, 
fought in the immediate neighborhood. In the 
vicinity of the Lookout (easily visited from Chatta- 
nooga,) is to be found scenery of equal grandeur and 
loveliness. Hotel : the Crutclifield House. Chatta- 
nooga, by the Alabama and Chattanooga road, by 
Tuscaloosa and other important stations, to 

Meridian, railway town of the State of Mississippi, 
[with connections east to Montgomery, west to Jack- 
son (capital of the State), north of Memphis, etc.] 
From Meridian, by the Mobile and Ohio road, direct 
to Mobile and New Orleans, as in Route No. 10. 



ROUTE. NO. n h2-S0UTHERN {SEMI- 
SKELETON.) 

EICHMOKD TO CHAELESTOJST OR SAVANNAH BY 

OPTIONAL ROUTES, AND TO JACKSONVILLE, 

ST. AUGUSTINE, AND OTHER FLORIDA 

RESORTS. 

From Kichmond by Richmond and Danville road 
(" Piedmont Air-Line ") by Oiover Station to Char- 
lotte. From Charlotte, by Charlotte, Columbia and 
Augusta road, to Columbia, and to Graniteville. 
[Connection, at five miles distance, to Aihen, cele- 
brated health resort of S. C] From Graniteyille, 
by Central Railroad of Georgia, to Savannah. 

Or, from Richmond ("Atlantic Coast Line") by 
Petersburg and Weldon road, to Petersburg and 
Weldon. From Weldon by Wilmington and Weldon 
road, to Goldshoro, and to Wilmington. From 
Wilmington by Wilmington, Columbia and Augusta 
road, to Florence, Columbia, Graniteville, [connec- 
tion to Aiken, as above] , Augusta and Savannah. 

Or, as by first-named route to Graniteville, thence 
by South Carolina road to Charleston. Or, as by 
second-named route to Florence, thence by North- 
eastern road to Charleston. 

From Charleston, for Florida, by boat, steamer 
every Friday and Saturday evening, touching at 
Savannah, thence to Fernandina, Jacksonville, 
points on the St. John's River, and to Palatka^ 

[Or, Ckarleston to Savannah by rail, on Savan- 



1966 SHOBT-TRIP G VIDE. 

nah and Charleston road. From Savannah by boat, 
as above-named, to Fernandina, Jacksonville^ St. 
John's River ports, and to Palatka.] 

From Savannah (all-rail), rail on the Atlantic 
and Grulf, and Jacksonville, Pensacola and Mobile 
roads, to Jacksonville. Branch rail, Jacksonville 
to Fernandina. 

For Tallahassee, St. Marks and Appalachicola, 
rail on Atlantic and Gulf road from Savannah ; or 
on Jacksonville, Pensacola and Mobile road, from 
Jacksonville. 

For Pensacola (and for Mobile), rail as for Talla- 
hassee, &c. 

For Cedar Keys, rail on Florida road, from Fer- 
nandina, or from Jacksonville. 

For St. Augustine, daily morning boat up the 
St. John's River from Jacksonville, landing at Tocoi 
— thence St. John's Railroad, about one hour. The 
same steamer, from Jacksonville, for Mandarin, 
Hibernia, Magnolia, Green Gove Springs, Picolata, 
and Palatka; with smaller boats making trips 
further up the river, to Dunn's Lake, Lake 
George, &c. 

Prominent Hotels at the Florida resorts : 
Jacksonville; Grand National, Metropolitan, St. 
James, Florida, Mattair, Buffington, &c. 

St. Augustine ; St. Augustine, Magnolia, Florida. 
Fernandina ; Riddell, Noriuood. 
Green Cove Springs; Clarendon, Union. 
Palatka ; St. John's, St. James, Putnam. 
Magnolia; Magnolia. 



ROUTE NO. 12r~WESTERN. 

STEW YOEK TO PHILADELPHIA, HAERISBUEQ, PITTS- 
BURG, CINCINNATI, ST. LOUIS, CHICAGO, ETC., 
BT PENNSYLVANIA CENTRAL ROAD AND 
CONNECTIONS. 

Division A. 

NEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, OS MANTUA JUNC- 
TION. 

Leave New York (as by Route No. 8) by the New 
Jersey road, by Jersey City, Newarhy Elizabeth, 
Rdhway, New Brunswick, Trenton, etc., to Phila- 
delphia, if for stop at that city; if for through pas- 
sage to the West, without stop at Philadelphia, New 
York by the same towns to Mantua Junction, 
where close through-connection is made. 

Division B. 

PHILADELPHIA, OR MANTUA JUNCTION, TO AND AT 
HAREISBURQ. 

Leave Philadelphia (West Philadelphia), or Man- 
tua Junction, if without stop at Philadelphia, by 
rail, by the Pennsylvania Central road; by Down- 
ington [connection northward for Waynesiurg]; 
by Coatesville [connection northward for Reading^ 
southward for Wilmington ], etc. ; to 

Lancaster, pleasantly situated on the Conestoga 
Creek, in a fine agricultural section ; seat of Franhlin 



198 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE, 

and Marshall College ; with Court House and other 
creditable buildings, and interesting series of Canal 
Locks in the neighborhood, at mouth of the creek. 
Was for some years, at beginning of the century, the 
seat of government of Pennsylvania. Leading Ho- 
tels : the City, and Michael's. Lancaster, by Branch 
Intersection [connection northward to Reading^ 
southward for Columbia, York, etc.], Mt. Joy and 
Middletown, to 

Harrisburg, capital of the State of Pennsylvania, 
on the east bank of the Susquehanna river (origi- 
nally " Harris' Ferry " over that river). The most 
notable building is the Capitol, on high ground, 
with fine view from the dome, with State Library, 
Legislative Chambers, etc. Also should be visited, 
the Court House; the Old Harris Mansion; and 
some of the extensive Iron and Steel Works in ^e 
vicinity; as well the Susquehanna river and some 
of the bridges spanning it — one of them very old, 
and shows a remarkably high arch. Principal 
street; Front Street. Principal Public Ground; 
Harris Park. Prominent Hotels; the Lochiel, 
Jones House, and Bolton's. [Important railway con- 
nections from Harrisburg : by Lebanon Valley road, 
east to Lebanon and Reading ; by Northern Central 
road, southeast to Baltimore, etc.; by the same 
road northward to Elmira and the Erie Kailway and 
its connections ; by Cumberland Valley road, south- 
westward for Carlisle, CJiambersburg, etc. ; by Phila- 
delphia and Erie road, northwestward for Williams- 
port, Corry, Erie and Oil Regions.] 



ROUTE NO. 12.— WESTERN. 199 

Division C. 

HARRISBUKG TO AND AT PITTSBURG, WHEELING, ETC. 

From •■Harrisbui'g, coutinuing by Pennsylvania 
Central road ; by Leiuistoiun [connection north- 
ward for Milro7j, northeastward for Sunhury, etc.] ; 
by Tyrone [connection northeastward to Lock Haven 
and the Philadelphia and Erie road, northwest to 
Clearfield, etc.] ; by Huntington, etc., to 

Altoona, at the commencement of the ascent of 
the Alleghany Mountains ; great locomotive-shop of 
the Pennsylvania Central Company; and sur- 
rounded by magnificent mountain-scenery, making 
a sojourn very pleasant in summer. Hotel: the 
Logan House. [Spur southward to Martinshurg, 
and stage thence to Bedford Sjjriiigs.] From Al- 
toona should be made, by daylight, to enjoy the fine 
scenery, the 

1 Railway ascent of the AllegJianies, with features 
quite as grand as most of the Alpine rail-routes, 
and double power necessary in drawing up the 
trains. An immense Tunnel, nearly three-quar- 
ters of a mile in length, is passed through before 
reaching the summit, at 

Cresson (Cresson Springs), a popular summer- 
resort, on account of its elevation and healthful 
air. Hotel : the Mountain Hozise. [Spur north- 
ward to Ebenshurg.'\ From Cresson the descent oftlw 
AUeghanies is made, luitliout the use of steam, the 
speed being regulated by brake-power; to Conemaugh 
Station ; and to Johnstown^ with the extensive Cam- 



200 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

bria Iron Works in the neighborhood, and heavy man- 
ufactures. Hotel : the Scott House. From Johns- 
towH, by Blairsville [connection northward for In- 
diana, northwestward to Freeport and points on Al- 
legheny Valley road] ; by Greenslurg, etc., to 

Pittsburg, at the confluence of the Allegheny 
and Monongahela rivers (forming the commence- 
ment of the Ohio) ; and on the sjjot once occupied 
by old Fort Duquesne; with Braddock's Field, of 
the French war, in the near vicinity. Very exten- 
sive manufactures are carried on, in Pittsburg, in 
Alleyheiiy City (across the Allegheny, and connected 
by fine bridges), in Birmingham (similarly situated 
across the Monongaliela, with bridges), Laiurence- 
ville, and other suburbs — in iron, glass, steel, brass, 
wooden-ware, and many other industries. It is also 
a great coal and oil centre, and has the smokiest 
atmosphere in America. 

In addition to the Manufactories and the exten- 
sive Railioay Buildings, other objects of interest 
will be found in the Levee (wharves) on the Monon- 
gahela ; the Ohio and Mississippi boats loading there, 
with many peculiarities for the stranger; the In- 
clined Raihuay up Mount Washington, across the 
Monongali^la, whence a fine view of the city may 
be commanded, etc. Among prominent public 
and other buildings will be noticed the Roman 
CatJiolic Cathedral; Presbyterian and Ba2)tist 
Churches; Court House; Custom House; (with 
Post Office); new City Hall; Mercantile Library 
Hall, etc.; and in Alleghany City, the Theological 
Seminaries, Western Penitentiary, etc., and more 



ROUTE NO. 12.— WESTERN. 201 

elegant residences of the citizens. There are no 
less than four Cemeteries : the Alleghany ; 8t. 
Mary's; Hilldalej and Mt. Union. Leading Ho- 
tels : the Mo7iongahela, Unions St. Charles, and 
Merchants'. 

[Eailway connections from Pittsburg are very 
general. Northward, by the Alleghany Valley road, 
to Venango, Oil Gity, and the Oil Regions generally; 
eastward by route just traversed ; westward, to places 
named, by the Pittsburg, Cincinnati and St. Louis 
and Pittsburg, Port Wayne and Chicago roads; 
northwestward to Cleveland, by Cleveland and Pitts- 
burg road, and to Erie by the Erie and Pittsburg 
road; southeastward to Cumberland, Harper's Ferry y 
etc., by the Pittsburg and Baltimore and Washing- 
ton road. There is also steamboat communication, 
down the Ohio river to Wlieeling, and thence to 
Cincinnati, during the open season.] 

From Pittsburg, by Cleveland and Pittsburg 
road, a visit may be paid to 

Wheeling, West Virginia, a large and important 
town, lying at the debouchure of Wheeling Creek 
into the Ohio river — with manufactures of the same 
character as those of Pittsburg, only second to them 
in extent. Apart from its Manufactures, the two 
greatest points of interest are the Wire Suspension 
Bridge of the National Road, with 1,000 feet of span ; 
and the new and splendid Railway Bridge. Oil and 
coal trade also immense, as at Pittsburg. [Eailway 
connection southeastward by the Baltimore and Ohio 
road to Harper's Ferry, Baltimore and Washington ; 



20a 8E0RT-TBIP GUIDE. 

eastward to Pittsburg and northwestward to Cleve- 
land and Lake Erie, by the Cleveland and Pittsburg 
road. Or, by Baltimore and Ohio road, from 
Wheeling hy Belle Air ; and Zanesville, thriving 
and handsome town on the Muskingum River^ 
with immense water power and fine railroad-bridge 
• — [connection southwestward, by Cincinnati and 
Muskingum Valley road, to Cincinnati] : to New- 
arh, Columbus, etc. Steamboat communication to 
Pittsburg, and down the Ohio to Cincinnati 
during the open season. Hempfield railway will 
connect directly to Pittsburg when completed.] 

Division D. 

PITTSBUKG TO AND AT COLUMBUS, OHIO. 

From Pittsburg, by rail, on the Pittsburg, Cin- 
cinnati and St. Louis road (or from Wheeling by 
rail to same point) ; by 

Steubenville, pleasant village on the Ohio river, 
county seat of Jefferson County, with many manu- 
factures and fine scenery in the neighborhood; 
by Mingo Junction [connection northwestward to 
Cleveland, eastward to Bochcster, etc.] ; by Dennison^ 
Coshocton, and Dresden Junction [connection 
south to Zanesville, etc.] ; to 

Newark, handsome and thriving town on the 
Licking river, with extensive railway connections: 
roads to Sandusky and Lake Erie, to Zanesville and 
the south, intersecting. From Newark to 

Columbus, on the Scioto River, capital of the 



BOUTE NO. \%.— WESTERN. 803 

State of Ohio, and one of the most important towns 
of the state. It is beautifully laid out and very 
handsomely shaded; Broadway ^ its main street, 
being considered unsurpassed. The Capitol., on the 
elegant public ground, Capitol Square^ has fine 
chambers, good sculptures and pictures; and 
there are, of other public buildings of interest, 
the City Hall ; U. 8. Arsenal, with fine high 
grounds ; State Penitentiary ; Ceiitral Ohio Lunatic 
Asylum (building, in place of that burned in 1868); 
Blind and Deaf and Dumb Asylums ; Starling 
Medical College ; St. Mary^s Female Seminary, etc. 
Also worthy of attention are the Holly Water 
WorTcs, with steam raising-power. Other Public 
Grounds than the one already named and the fine 
ones surrounding most of the public buildings: the 
City and Goodale Parks, and those of the Franklin 
Agricultural Society. Most popular Cemetery: 
Green Laivn. Theatre : the Opera House. Hotel ; 
the Neil House. [Eailway conections extensive: 
eastward by the route just traversed ; northward by 
the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati and Indian- 
apolis road, to Toledo, Cleveland, etc.; south-west- 
ward to Cincinnati (as see route following) ; south- 
eastward to Athens and the Baltimore and Ohio 
road; etc.] 

Division E. 

COLUMBUS TO AND AT CINCIira'ATI. 

From Columbus, by the Little Miami road; 
by London ; by Xenia, very handsome town, with 



204 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Avater-power and manufactures, on the Little 
Miami river [connection westward for Daytok 
and Richmond'] ; by llorroio [connection east with 
the Cincinnati and Muskingum Valley road] ; by 
Loveland, [connection east by the Marietta and 
Cincinnati road, for Marietta, and the Baltimore 
and Ohio road] ; to 

CiNCiNisrATi, on the Ohio river, called the "Queen 
City," principally built upon two terraces sloping 
back from the river ; while opposite it, and divided 
from it by the Ohio river, are the large town? 
of Neioport and Covington, in the State of Ken- 
tucky; with Newport Barracks, important U. S. 
military station, on the river bank, near the former. 
Cincinnati has also heavy commerce and important 
manufactures. 

Among the public buildings of prominence are 
the Custom House (with Post Office attached), on 
Fourth Street ; the City Hall (with neat grounds), 
Plum Street; the Court House, Main Street; Cin- 
cinnati College, Walnut Street ; >S'^. Xavier's College 
(Catholic) Sycamore Street; Convent of Notre Dame, 
Sixth Street; House of Refuge, north of the city; 
City Workhouse, near the latter; Cincinnati Hos- 
pital, Twelfth Street; etc. Principal Churches: 
St. John's (Epis.) ; ^S'^. PauVs (Meth. Epis.) ; First 
Baptist; St. Peter's Cathedral (Catholic); First 
Presbyterian, etc., though with many others credi- 
table. Places of Amusement: the National and 
Wood's Theatres; Pike's Music Hall; Melodion; 
Gymnasium ; Queen City Skating Rink. etc. 



ROUTE NO. n.— WESTERN. 305 

Prominent Hotels : the Bicrnet^ Spencer, Gibson, 
St. James, Carlisle, etc. 

Public Grounds: Ede7i Park, east of the city, 
elevated and with fine view ; Fountain Square, with 
magnificent bronze fountain lately presented by Mr. 
Henry Probasco; City, Lincoln, WasMngton and 
Hophins Parks. Cemeteries : Spring Grove, one of 
the handsomest in the West, northwest of the city, 
with splendid avenues of approach, and a fine sol- 
diers' monument ; Si. Bernard, Wesleyan, and others 
minor. Other Objects of Interest: the great Sus- 
fension Bridge over the Ohio, with longest span in 
the world ; the Liching Bridge, also a suspension, 
and only less remarkable in length; the Railroatt 
Bridge (new) ; remains of entrenchments thrown up 
during the Confederate " siege " ; the Levee, along 
the river, with steamboat-landings and a yery fine 
idea of the industry of the city; steamboat-huilding- 
yards; and many of the very extensive Manufac- 
tories, with diversified products. 

[Eailway connections : eastward, by route just trav- 
ersed—also, by Marietta and Cincinnati, and Chesa 
peake and Ohio roads to Richmond, etc. ; northeast- 
ward by the Little Miami and other roads, to Cleve- 
land, Snndushy, etc. ; northward, by Cincinnati, 
Hamilton and Dayton road, to Toledo; northwest- 
ward, by same road and connections, to Chicago ; 
westward, by Ohio and Mississippi road, by Vin- 
cennes to St. Louis and the Mississippi river. 

Also, steamboat transit on the Ohio river, to all 
points on that stream, to Cairo and the Mississippi.] 



205o SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Division F. 

PITTSBURG TO AND AT ST. LOUIS. 

Pittsburg to Columbus and Cincinnati, as by 
route preceding. 

Leave Cincinnati by the Indianapolis, Cincinnati 
and Lafayette road, by Delhi, North Bend, Valley 
Junction [connection with White "Water Valley 
Railroad], Lawrenceiurg, [connection with Ohio and 
Mississippi road, for Vincennes, etc.,] Morris, 
Greensl}urg, SheUyville, [connection with Jefferson- 
ville road, south for Louisville, etc.,] to 

Indianapolis, capital and largest town of the 
State of Indiana, lying on the White river, in a 
very fertile plain, with heavy manufactures, and sup- 
plying one of the most noted railroad centres of the 
West. It is also celebrated for its school system ; has 
an imposing but old State House, on Washington 
Street; State Lunatic Asylum, Institute for the 
Blind, United States Arsenal, NortMoestern CJiris- 
tian University, a very large Union Depot, an Acad- 
emy of Music, etc. Prominent Hotels : Bates House 
and Mason House. [Railway connections, as before 
indicated, universal.] 

From Indianapolis, by the St. Louis, Vandalia and 
Terre Haute road, by Green castle, to 

Terre Haute, very handsome town on Harrison 
Prairie and the Wabash river, and also on the 
Wabash and Erie Canal, and with extensive railway 
connections. It is Blegantly shaded, has many noble 



ROUTE NO. 12.— WESTERN. 2056 

residences, ;S^^. Mary's Seminai'y (Catholic), the State 
Normal School, and a handsome Opera House. It is 
also largely engaged in manufactures, forging, etc* 
Hotel: the Terre Haute House (with a wonderful 
eclio near it, excelling any other known in the world 
in the number of repetitions.) 

Terre Haute by Marsliall and Greenup, to Effing- 
ham [connections north to Chicago, south to Cairo, 
etc., by branch of the Illinois Central road]; to 

Vandalia, on the Kaskaskia river, thriving town 
and once capital of the State of Indiana. [Connec- 
tions, north to Bloomington and Chicago, south to 
Cairo, etc., by main line of the Illinois Central road.] 
Vandalia,. by Greenville, Highland, etc., to East St. 
Louis, and 

St. Louis. [See page 231.] * 

Division G. 

PITTSBURG BY FORT WAYNE TO CHICAGO. 

[See Eoute 13— pages 209 to 211 ; also same route, 
pages 212 to 216, for 
Chicago.] 



ROUTE MO. 13.-WESTERN. 

NEW YORK TO EASTOjS^ (PA.)., HARRISBUEG, PITT<?- 

BURG, FORT WAYNE AND CHICAGO; BY THE 

ALLENTOWN" ROUTE. 

Division A. 

NEW YORK TO BASTON, HARRISBURG AND PITTS- 
BURG. 

Leave New York, by boata of New Jersey Central 
Kailroad, from foot of Liberty Street, to Communi- 
paw (lower Jersey City); thence by cars of that 
road, by Bergen Point, and over Long Bridge across 
ir Newark Bay; io EUzahethport (station — at the left 
the town and great coal depot of that name) ; and to 
Elizabeth [intersection with New Jersey road, 
eastward to New York, and westward to Phila- 
delphia : See Route No. 8, New York to Phila 
delphia]. Elizabeth, by other stations, to 

Plainfield, pleasant village and favorite summer- 
residence, lying at near the foot of the Orange 
Mountains, a minor spur of the Blue Ridge, and 
with a remarkable eminence at a short distance to 
the north, called "Washington's Rock," from which 
that general is said sometimes to have watched the 
movements of the British forces. By Bound-Brooh 
on the Raritan River, and at the opening of the Valley 
of the same name, to 



ROUTE NO. 1^.— WESTERN. 307 

SoMERViLLE, oounty seat of Somerset County^ 
very handsomely situated, with fine quiet scenery in 
the neighborhood, some copper and iron mines, and 
much general prosperity. [Connection by South 
Branch Eoad to Flemington and LamieriviUe.j Hy 
other stations to the 

High Bridge, (or rather very long and high em- 
hankment) over the South Branch of the Earitan 
Eiver, with fine view in crossing, and large Iron- 
Works in the neighborhood, for railroad-founding. 
Very soon is reached 

Hampton Junction [connection with the Delaware, 
Lackawanna and Western Eailway, for the Delaware 
Water Gap, Scranton, the Coal Eegions of Pennsyl- 
vania, and the Erie road at Binghampton.] By 
Bloomshury and other stations, to 

Philipsburg, on the New Jersey side of the Dela« 
ware, with heavy iron-manufactures, and three 
bridges connecting it with Easton, on the opposite 
side of the river. Also with important railway con- 
nections, for Central New Jersey, PMladelpliia, and 
northward to the Delaware Water Gap and the 
Coal Regions. Crossing the river by bridge, the train 
reaches 

Easton, Pennsylvania, on the western bank of 
the Delaware, at the double junction of the Lehigh 
and the Bushkill, and one of the most important of 
the coal and railway centres of the two adjoining 
States, with extensive mills, distilleries and general 
manufactures. It is also the seat (on an eminence 



a08 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

known as Mount Lafayette, at the east of the town) 
of Lafayette College, a flourishing and well-endowed 
institution, rapidly growing in influence. [Exten- 
sive railroad connection, apart from the line of route 
being traversed ; as in addition to that mentioned by 
both the New Jersey Central and the Delaware and 
Lackawanna to New York, it has also connection 
northward to the Water Gap and the Coal Regions ; 
southward to Philadelphia; the Lehigh Valley 
road northward to Pittston; the Lehigh Canal in 
the same direction ; and the Morris Canal through 
the State of New Jersey to RaTitan Bay.] 

Leave Easton by Lehigh Valley road ; by Bethle- 
hem, pleasant town on the Lehigh river; seat of 
Lehigh University ; and long celebrated as the prin- 
cipal abode of the Moravians, or United Brethren, 
in the United States. [Connection southward with 
North Pennsylvania road for Philadelphia, and 
northward for Scranton and the Coal Regions.] 

From Bethlehem, by E. Penn. Junction [con- 
nection with East Pennsylvania road] ; to 

Allentown, handsome town on high ground 
near the Lehigh river, with large iron and other 
manufactures, and much charm as a residence. 
Has Big Rock and several popular mineral springs 
in the neighborhood. Hotel: the American. [Con- 
nections, northward by the Lehigh Valley road to 
the Coal Regions and the Erie road; westward by 
present route to Reading, etc.] 

Allentown, by East Pennsylvania road, to 



RO UTE NO. 13.— WESTERN. 209 

Reading, large and important maniTfacturJDg 
town on the Schuylkill river, especially notable for 
mills, iron-furnaces and railroad work. It has a 
high and handsome sloping location, with a con- 
siderable eminence, PeniCs Mount, near, command- 
ing fine view. It has a noble Court House ; two or 
three Churches of especial beauty; and 3Iineral 
Springs in the neighborhood, with hotels of popu- 
lar resort. Leading Hotel (in the town), the Maiv- 
sion House. [Connection, northward, to Catatuissa 
and Hazleton (Coal Ecgions), and southeast to Phil- 
ADELrniA. by the Philadelphia and Reading road.] 
Reading to 

Lebanon', on the Swatara Creek, county seat of 
Lebanon County, and a prosperous town, with the 
mostimmense (Cornwall) Iron Ore Beds in the neigh- 
borhood, known to exist in'the world; also Copper 
Ore in large quantities, and Marble. From Lebanon 
to 

Haerisbukg. (For notes on Harrisburg, see 
previous Route, No. 12.) 

[Harrisburg to Pittshurg, as by Route No. 12, 
preceding ; whether for CIdcagOf Cmcinnati, or St. 
Louis.'l 

Division B. 

PITTSBUEG TO FORT WATjSTE AND CHICAGO. 

[At Pittsburg, previous route, No. 12, may be 
pursued, from that point to Columbus and Cincin- 
nati^ with extension to St. Louis; or other lines 



310 8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

pursued (see that route) northward to the Lakes, 
southward to the Baltimore and Ohio road, etc.] 

Leave Pittsburg, for Chicago or places on that 
line, by Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago road ; 
by Rochester (small town on the Beaver Creek — with 
connection south westward, by Cleveland and Pitts- 
burg road, to Wheeling and west) ; by Homewood 
[connection northward for Newcastle, etc.]; by Lee- 
^ma [connection southward to New Lisbon, etc.] ; 
by Salem, very handsome small town, with fine 
suburbs, and manufactures] ; to 

Alliance, important station [connection north- 
ward, by Cleveland and Pittsburg road, to Cleveland; 
soutnward to Steubenville, etc.] From Alliance, by 
Canton and Massillon, handsome manufacturing 
towns; by Orrville [con^iection northward to Akron" 
and Cleveland] ; by Mansfield, another handsome 
manufacturing town [connections northward to SaU" 
dusky, southward to Zanesville, south westward to 
Dayton, Hamilton and Cincinnati] ; to 

Crestline, another important railway town. [Con- 
nections southward by the Cleveland, Columbus, 
Cincinnati and Indianapolis road, to Columbus; 
northward by the Sandusky road to Sandusky; 
northeastward to Cleveland by the Cleveland, Co- 
lumbus, Cincinnati and Indianapolis road ; north- 
M'estward to Toledo and Detroit by same road and 
connections]. From Crestline, by Bucyrus, thriving 
village on the Sandusky River; by Forest [connec- 
tions north to Cleveland, south to Cincinnat'i] ; by 



ROUTE NO. IZ.— WESTERN. 211 

Lima, manufacturing village on the Ottawa river 
[connections southward by Cincinnati, Hamilton 
and Dayton road, to Dayton and Cincinnati ; north- 
ward by the same road to Toledo and Detroit] ; by 
Qiinor stations, to 

Fort Wayne, Indiana, on the Maumee river — 
called the "Summit City"; because it lies at the 
highest point of the water-shed. It is passed 
through by the Wabash and Erie Canal, and is an 
Important railway centre as well as a manufacturing 
town of promise. [Connections : northeastward to 
Toledo^ Lake Erie and Detroit, by Toledo, Wabash 
and Western road ; westward by the same road and 
connections, to Loga^isport and thence to Peoria 
and towns of Central Illinois; northward to the 
Michigan Southern road, at Waterloo, etc.] From 
Fort Wayne, by Columbia : by Warsaio ; by Ply- 
mouth [connection southward to India.ts'APOLIS, 
capital of the State, by Indianapolis, Peru and Chi- 
cago road] ; by Wanatah [connection southward by 
the Louisville and New Albany road, to Lafayette 
and to Louisville, Ky.] ; by Valparaiso, to that 
city which has furnished, both in fortune and mis- 
fortune, the best possible type of American capaci- 
ties in either direction, and which has been, and 
will continue to be, quite as often in men's mouths 
RS any other on the Western Continent — 



212 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Chicago, Illinois. 

Division G. 

CHICAGO AS IT WAS, HAS BEEN, AND IS. 

The history of the world furnishes no parallel to 
the change between the three conditions above 
named, in connection with the "Giant of the West" 
city of Chicago, an exaggerated type of the whole 
continent, in the "was," the "has been" and the '• is.'* 

Up to the fall of the eventful year, 1871, Chi- 
cago stood, as it had been for thirty or forty years 
growing up to be, the actual Queen City of the 
West, one of the most important of the Union, and 
the greatest grain mart and depot of the world, as 
well as one of the most important railroad centres 
of the entire continent. Ifc lay on the western shore 
of Lake Michigan, at near the southern boundary of 
that Lake, at the entrance of the Chicago river into 
it. It had its first white settlement in 1804, by Col. 
John Kinzie ; and so late as 1830 contained only 
15 houses. It was incorporated as a city, seven 
years later, in 1837 — the population at that time 
being 4,170. In 1843 this had increased to 7,580 ;. 
in 1847 to 10,859; in 1850 to 28,369; in 1855 
to 80,023 ; in 18G0 to 109,263 ; in 1865 to 178,539 ; 
and in 1870 to the round figures of 300,000, while 
the suburban population was supposed to raise it to 
350,000. 

The site of the city was admirably chosen, on 
ground sloping up from the Lake, and with the 



ROUTE NO. \Z.— WESTERN. 818 

Chicago River, dividing into two branches, running 
through the entire city, at once adding to commer- 
cial convenience and healthfulness. Numerous 
costly bridges and many tunnels made the con- 
nection across the rivers. The city was divided into 
20 wards, with nearly 800 streets. Tiie river and 
the ship canals afforded many miles of excellent 
harbor, to which came vessels from all parts of the 
great lakes, with and for produce of every description* 
The graia warehouses were of such extent as to ac- 
commodate 8,000,000 to 10,000,000 bushels; while 
the yearly exportation had reached to about 60,000,000 
to 65,000,000 bushels. It had also a most extensive 
trade in cattle and stock, the whole yearly num- 
ber handled, reaching 2,500,000 ; besides provision, 
lumber, and transportation trade to immense 
amounts. Within the last year or two, on the com- 
pletion of the Pacific Railway, Chicago had com- 
menced to import her teas and silks direct from In- 
dia, and was arranging a heavy trade in that direc- 
tion. There were several of the largest and finest 
railway-depots on the Continent, to accommodate its 
immense connection as the very largest of the rail- 
way-centres. It had streets among the most ele- 
gant in the West, in Michigan, Wabash and other 
avenues : and many of the houses of residents were 
princely in their luxury. There were more than 
200 Churches; 12 or 15 of the largest and finest 
of Hotels, some of them marvels of size and cost ; an 
Opera-House and 5 Theatres of good class ; an Uni- 



814 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

versifcy; Medical Colleges; splendid public Parts 
and Cemeteries ; and a wilderness of scientific^, 
social and benevolent institutions, second to nore 
in the Western World. In addition to this, and a 
feature unequalled elsewhere — a Tunnel had been 
constructed to a Tower two miles distant in the 
Lake, whence the water-supply of the cit?7 was 
derived. 

Such, hastily sketched, was the position of Chi- 
cago on the 8th of October, 1871. On the night of 
that day, a fire broke out at near the centre of 
the city, though in an older and wooden portion. 
A fierce wind made vain all efforts for staying the 
flames, which extended on every side, and eventu- 
ally acquired such force that buildings considered 
fire-proof could not resist the heat five minutes 
when attacked. By the morning of the 10th the 
city was literally destroyed — the whole central and 
business part of it entirely so. Some 10,000 build- 
ings were burned ; 500 to 1,000 jDersons are sup- 
posed to have lost their lives ; 50,000 to 75,000 per- 
sons were rendered houseless ; and the pecuniary 
loss was estimated to have reached $200,000,000. 
Chicago, the Queen of the West, was no more— /or 
the time. 

A most gratifying spectacle of general benevo- 
lence, however, was exhibited, in connection with 
this great calamity, not only in all the cities of 
America, but in those of England and of all Europe ; 
and the extremity of suffering at once materially 



ROUTE NO. \Z— WESTERN. 215 

relieved by contributions from all quarters, which 
not only smoothed the then painful present, but 
gave opportunity and hope for the future. Rebuild- 
ing was at once commenced, with marvellous 
energy ; and so rapidly has it continued, that within 
a year from the great catastrophe, more than two- 
thirds of the marks of the visitation were obliterated, 
public and private erections of more than the 
original splendor taking the places of those des- 
troyed, and the fact being made certain that within 
two years from the fatal 8th of October not a mark 
of the calamity would be visible, except in the 
absence of the trees and shrubbery impossible to be 
replaced within a limited period. 

It may even now be said, indeed, that Chicago, 
as a city, has entirely recovered from the shock 
temporarily prostrating it, spite of a second destruc- 
tive fire, in 1874, — supplying quite its previous 
charm to the visitor, while an exceptional interest 
is found in the virtual death and marvellous resur- 
rection of the place of such varied fortunes. 

Among the objects of greatest interest in what 
the proud citizens call the "New Chicago,^' may 
be named the large and beautiful 

Lincoln Parle, lying on the Lake Shore, north ot 
the city, with charming drives along the Lake, a 
Zoological Garden, a Lake, Fountains, fine shade, 
and all the attractions for the corso and the prome- 
nade ; 

Union Parh, in the West Division, older than 
Lincoln and more completely finished, with Lakes, 



ai6 SHORT-TRIP QUIDS. 

Fountains, a Zoological collection, pagodas, a music- 
pavilion, and great popularity as a place of promen- 
ade and for the open-air concerts given every even- 
ing during the summer. There are also, of public 
grounds, Lake Path, only partially improved, but 
with a wonderful location, running down the Lake 
Shore, south ef the city, to Hyde Park, and Hyde 
Park House^ favorite driving and bathing resort, 
at the southern extremity ; the SoutJi and West Side 
Parks, one day to be very extensive and beautiful ; 
Dearborn, Jefferson, and other minor parks; and 
Dexter Trotting Park, in connection with the great 
Stock Yards, at the west of the city. Principal 
Cemeteries, Graceland, Rose Hill, Calvary and Oak- 
woods, and the old Catholic, on the Lake Shore, 
near Lincoln Park, with interesting marks of the 
Great Fire. Among other leading objects of interest 
are the 

Great Stock Yards, lying at some distance west 
of the city, and among the most extensive and com- 
modious in the world, with Hotel, Bank, Telegraph- 
oflfices, and all other facilities (Dexter Park in con- 
nection): the 

Water Works, with their extensive and ingenious 
Lake connection, unparalleled on the continent; 
the many Bridges, and the costly Tunnels for their 
avoidance; the Cldcago River, its port, and Lake 
shipping; the great 

Orain Warehouses and Elevators, capable of con- 
taining and handling more grain than those of any 
other city on the globe ; the very large and fine 



BOUTS NO. IS— WESTERN. 219a 

Railway Depots, of the many and extensiye roads 
finding their centres or termini here ; the Mc- 
Cormick Reaper Factory, largest in the world (Blue 
Island and Western avenues) ; Bridge Building 
Works of the American Company (Egan avenue); 
Union and other Foundries, Wagon Factories, &c. ; 
and many magnificent 

Mercantile Buildings, Banking Houses, &c., in 
which detail the rebuilt city far excels even its 
ambitious predecessor, and rivals all others. The 
most notable among the new structures is the 

Chamber of Commerce, corner of Washington and 
La Salle streets, considered one of the noblest and 
most complete buildings of its class in the world, 
and opened with great eclat in the fall of 1872. 

Of the Churches of Chicago, the most interesting 
were destroyed in the great conflagration, and very 
little has as yet Jseen done in the way of rebuilding 
them, so that, though many respectable structures 
remain, they scarcely command attention as a 
feature. 

Of Streets, the most typical and best worthy of 
observation, will be found Michigan and Wabash 
avenues, State, Dearborn, Clark, La Salle, and Wells 
streets, running parallel with the Lake Shore ; and 
Jackson, Adams, Monroe, Madison, Washington, 
Randolph and Lake streets, crossing them at right 
angles, and extending across the city from the Lake. 

Prominent Hotels (most of them built since the 
fire and finished with lavish cost and great complete- 
ness) : the Grand PacifiCf Gardner, Potter Palmer, 



216ft SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

Briggs, Tremont, &g. Theatres : McVicker's, 
Aiken's, Hooley's, with a Grand Opera House soon 
to be erected. 

[Among the widely-extended railway connections 
of Chicago, ar6 the following of most importance: 
Northward to Milwauhie, thence to Green Bay, and 
beyond, to the Lake Superior sections, by the Chi- 
cago and Northwestern road and its connections; 
north-westward to Madison (capital of Wisconsin), 
Baraboo, Devil's Lake, Eau Claire, and Hudson; 
and to St. Paul and the Falls of St. Anthony, by 
the same road and its connections ; westward to Clin- 
ton and Cedar Rapids (Iowa), by the Iowa division of 
the same road; south westward to Burlijigton (Iowa), 
and the Mississippi River, by the Chicago, Burlington 
and Quiucy road : southward to St. Louis, by the 
Chicago and Alton road ; southward to Cairo (junc- 
tion of the Ohio and Mississippi riters), and to St. 
Louis, by the Illinois Central road ; westward to 
Omaha, and thence to Salt Lake City and San 
Francisco, by the Chicago and Northwestern, 
Chicago and Rock Island, and Chicago, Burlington 
and Quincy routes; southeastward to Cincinnati, 
by the Columbus, Chicago and Indiana Central 
road ; eastward to Philadelphia and New Yoek 
by the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago road,-— 
as also by Toledo, Cleveland and the Lake Shore 
road — as also (with all Canadian cities and connec- 
tions) by Detroit and the Grand Trunk Railway of 
Canada. Also, steamers on the Lakes, to all impor- 
tant points, in tihe season.] 



ROUTE NO. 14-WESTERN. 

CIKCINISrATI TO LOUISVILLE (MAMMOTH CAVE), 
NASHVILLE, CAIRO, ST. LOUIS AND CHICAGO. 

Division A. 

CINCINNATI TO LOUISVILLE, NASHVILLE AND ST. 
LOUIS. 

Leave Cincinnati by the Louisville, ' Cincinnati 
and Lexington road (from Covington — opposite side 
of the river) ; by Walton, Sparta, Lexington Junc- 
tion [connection southward for Lexington snail. Ash- 
land, old home of Henry Clay, near it ; and, by 
stage from Eminence, for Shelby ville] ; by Lagrange^ 
and Anchorage [connection with Shelby road], to 
Louisville. (Or, steamer down the Ohio from Cincin- 
nati, in the pleasant season). 

Louisville, located on the. Ohio river, at the 
Palls and near the entrance of Bear-Grass Creek, is 
the largest and most important city of Kentucky, 
rt is well located and shaded ; and the views of the 
Palls, from various points of the city, are much ad- 
mired. The most important trade of the city is in 
tobacco, of which ifc is one of the central marts : 
also extensively in flour, provisions, hemp, etc. The 
most interesting public buildings are tne Gity Hall, 



230 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Nashville and Decatur and connecting roads, to 
Montgomery (Ala.), and thence to the Gulf Cities ; 
northward, by Evansville road, to Vincennes and 
Terre Haute; south westward to Memphis, by Nash- 
ville and North Western road, and connections; 
northwestward to St. Louis, etc.] 

From Nashville, by North Western road, by Wav- 
erley ; Jolmsonville ; McKenzie [connection south- 
westward, by Memphis and Louisville road, for 
Memphis, and for Little Bock (Arkansas)] ; by Pa- 
ducah Junction [connection north to Paducah ] ; to 

Union City, where connection is made with the 
Mobile and Ohio road. By that road to 

Colwnbus, on the Mississippi Kiver; with Bel- 
mont, Missouri, opposite, connecting the route just 
traversed with the St. Louis and Iron Mountain road 
to St. Louis. 

From Columbus the Mississippi may be ascended, 
by boat, to 

Cairo, modern town, very low-lying, on the point 
formed by the confluence of the Ohio and the Missis- 
sippi, with costly levee against inundations by the 
river, and much prominence as a steamboat port of 
the Mississippi, vessels from and to all ports stop- 
ping here to land and receive passengers and freight. 
Has some noble buildings ; among the best, the 
Custom House. [Railway connection, from Cairo, or 
from Mound City, immediately above, with the Illi- 
nois Central Road, direct for Chicago. Or, steam- 
boat may be taken for St. Louis or any other point 



BOUTE NO. U.— WESTERN. 221 

on the Mississippi. Or, steamboat may be taken for 
Louisville- or Cikoinnati]. 

For St. Louis, from Bird's Point (opposite Cairo) 
to Charleston ; where the St. Louis and Iron Moun- 
tain road is taken. By Glen Allen, Marguand, and 
other stations, to Bismarck (where pause should be 
made, if time allows, to yisit, by a spur of the same 
road. Iron Momitain, Pilot Knol) and Ironton, with 
some of the most extraordinary developments of 
richness in iron mines, on the continent). Bis- 
marck, by Mineral Point [spur to Potosi] and other 
stations, to St. Louis. 

Division B. 

AT ST. LOUIS; AND BY TWO EOUTES TO CHICAGO. 

St. Louis, Missouri, is one of the largest and most 
important cities of the West, focus of mercantile 
supply for a wide extent of country, virtual Queen 
of the Mississippi, and often spoken of as the point 
for removal of the National Capital. It lies on the 
west bank of the Mississippi river, at what is sup- 
posed to be about half-way between St. Paul, at the 
head of navigation on the Mississippi, and New 
Orleans, at the mouth of that noble river. It occupies 
elevated ground, though uneven ; has a very long ex- 
tent on the river, and an imposing appearance from 
it. It has wide streets, with good shade ; handsome 
parks; substantial residences ; and one feature com- 
manding unmixed admiration, in the Levee at which 



2ad 8H0BT-TBIP GJJIDE. 

the most immense number of steamboats can 
at any time be seen lying, loading, discharging, 
arriving and departing, observable at any one spot 
on the globe. Front Street, along the Levee, is one 
of the finest of mercantile and warehouse streets in 
the Union ; while WasJdngton and Grand Avenues, 
and Fourth Street, are among the most fashionable 
thoroughfares. 

St Louis is singularly rich in Parks ; the most 
notable being Lafmjette, Hyde, Laclede and Gravois 
Paries, in the outskirts; WasJdngton and Missouri, 
and smaller squares; with Tower Grove only par- 
tially completed, to contain more than 3,000 acres 
and rival the Fairmount at Philadelphia. The Fair 
Grounds are also very beautiful and perfect, as well 
as popular, with an Amphitheatre for spectators, esti- 
mated to accommodate 80,000 to 90,000 persons ; and 
Shaw's Gardens (botanical) are the very finest on 
the continent. The Principal Cemeteries are the 
Bellefontaine and the Calvary. 

Among the Buildings best deserving attention, 
are the Custom House, Third street ; the Court 
House, Fourth street; Temple of Justice, Clark 
avenue; Arsenal; Merchants' Exchange, Main 
street ; Masonic Hall, Market street ; and some of 
the innumerable Hospitals, Asylums, Educational 
Institutions, and Koman Catholic Convents. Among 
Churches, the Catholic Cathedral, Walnut street, 
takes the lead; followed by St. George's, (Epis.) 
Locust street; First Presbyterian, Fourteenth 



ROUTE NO. IL— WESTERN. 238 

street; Church of the Messiah, (Unitarian) Oliver 
street, etc. Theatres : De Bail's Opera House, Olym- 
vie and Varieties. Prominent Hotels : the Plan- 
ters', Southern, Laclede, Everett, etc. 

Two other Objects of Interest at St. Louis demand 
special notice : the Steel Bridge, now building and. 
soon to be completed across the Mississippi, from 
"Washington Avenue to the Illinois shore, for rail- 
road and genera] use, and undoubtedly destined to 
be one of the world's master-works in bridge -erection ; 
and the City Water Works, not long completed, 
with tower, and elaborate machinery for straining 
and purifying the river-water, believed to be among 
the best in use. 

[The transit connections of St. Louis, by railway 
and steamboat, are among the most extensive on the 
continent. By rail, east to Indianapolis by the St. 
Louis and Terre Haute road, and to Cincinnati and 
eastward by the Ohio and Mississippi road; south- 
eastward to Tennessee Cities by the route just trav- 
ersed ; south to New Orleans and the gulf by the 
Mobile and Ohio road: west to Jeferson City, 
to Top>eha, and other towns of Kansas, by the Pacific 
and Missouri road; northwestward to St. Joseph, 
Omaha and the Pacific Eailroad for Salt Lake City 
and San Francisco, by the same and St. Joseph 
roads ; north to Chicago and the Lakes and Canada, 
by the Illinois Central and Alton roads. In addi- 
tion, steamboat communication to all navigable points 
on the Mississippi, the Missouri and Ohio rivers.] 



224 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Leare St. Louis by Chicago, Alton and St. Louis 
road; by Alton, loftily located at just above the 
junction of the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers, 
with grand and notable scenery at that point, and 
much general charm in situation [connection east- 
ward to Indianapolis by the Indianapolis and St. 
Louis road] ; to 

Springfield, capital of the State of Illinois, 
a thriving and handsome town standing on the 
margin of a wide and fine prairie. It has a very 
handsome Capitol, State Arsenal, Court House, Cus- 
tom House, etc. ; extensive Water Works on the San- 
gamon Elver ; and will always enjoy an additional 
celebrity as the residence and burial place of Abra- 
ham Lincoln, a noble Monument to whom marks his 
tomb in Ridge Cemetery. Hotel : the Leland House, 
[Connection westward to Quincy, and eastward to 
Logansport and Fort Wayne, by the Toledo, Wabash 
and Western road.] 

Springfield to Bloominqton, capital of McLean 
county, and a large town of much commerce and 
many manufactures, besides having the great engine- 
shops of the Chicago and Alton Company. [Con- 
nection south westward to Jacksonville; west to 
Pekin ; southeast to CJiampaign and the Illinois 
Central road.] To Chenoa [connection west to 
Peoria j east to Warsaw and Logansport]. By other 
stations to Joliet, large and thriving town on the 
Des Moines river, with State Penitentiary of noble 
construction, immense fine building-stone quarries 



BO UTE NO. 14— WESTERN. 235 

near, valuable water-power, and extensive trade and 
manufactures. [Connection west to Roch Island, 
by the Chicago, Eock Island and Pacific road.] 
Joliet to Chicago. 



Or, leave St. Louis by the Illinois Central road 
(St. Louis and Chicago Through Line), to East St. 
Louis; thence to Greenville, Yandalia (see Divi- 
sion F., Koute 12, pp. 205 A and B); Effingham, 
Mattoon, Tolono, Champaign, Qilman, Calumet, etc., 
across one of the richest ranges of the great prairie 
lands of Illinois, to 

Chicago. 

(Eor notes on Chicago, see Route No. 13, Division 
0.) 



ROUTE NO. 15.-N0RTHERN AND WESTERN, 
(SEMI-SKELETON.) 

BUFFALO TO CLEVELAND AND CHICAGO, BY LAKM 
SHOEE ROAD. 

Leave Buffalo by Lake Shore road ; to Dunkirk, 
on Lake Erie, terminus of lower branch of the Erie 
road [connection eastward to Salamanca, for the 
Oil Regions.] Dunkirk to 

Eeie, (Pa.), on the shore of Lake Erie, with fine 
harbor (a U. S. Naval Station) ; Court House and 
other good buildings; extensive iron rolling-mills, 
and the connection of the Erie Extension Canal 
with the Ohio River and Beaver Canal. Hotel : the 
Beid House. [Connection southeast to Carry and 
the Oil Regions]. By Girard [connection south- 
ward to Pittsburg] ; and Painesville. to 

Cleveland, (Ohio) on Lake Erie, with harbor 
at mouth of Cuyahoga River, heavy lake shipping 
trade, much prosperity in business aspects ; and so 
pronounced a shaded beauty, especially in the fine 
elms lining its wide streets, that it bears the name of 
the "Porest City." It has a Medical College: a 
Marine Hospital; several handsome Churches; a 
splendid Union Railway Depot, of great size ; Monu- 
mental Park (with Monument to Commodore Perry) ; 
Woodlawn Cemetery; noble Water Works; and 
many other attractions. [Connections southeast to 



ROUTE NO. m.— NORTHERN AND WESTERN. 227 

Pittshurg and Wlieeling ; south to Coshocton and 
Zanesville; southwest to Columbus, Cincinnati^ etc.] 

From Cleveland, by Oberlin (seat of the celebrated 
" Oberlin College," which admits blacks as well as 
whites) ; by Monroeville [connection northward to 
Sandusky] ; by Clyde [connection south to CiNCiis"- 
NATi] ; Fremont, etc., to 

Toledo, on the Maumee Eiver, near Lake Erie, 
with considerable lake trade (principally in grain), 
much domestic commerce, many handsome build- 
ings, rapid progress, great educational facilities, and 
an almost matchless location as a railway centre. 
Hotels: Oliver House, Island House, American, 
and St. Charles. [Oonections : southeast to Clyde 
and (opening) to Wheeling : »outh to Lima, Dayton 
and Cincinnati ; southwest to Logansport, Spring- 
ield (111), the Mississippi river, and St. Louis; 
northward to Detroit and the Canadian lines; etc.] 

From Toledo, by the Michigan Southern and 
Northern Indiana road; by Adrien (Michigan), 
with water-power ; some manufactures ; repair-shops 
of the railroad-division ; a handsome Soldiers' Mon- 
ument, and many attractions as a residence. Hotel : 
the Lawrence House. By Hillsdale; Jonesville 
[connection south to Fort Wayne] ; Sturgis [con- 
nection north to Grand Haven and south to Fori 
Wayne] ; WJiite Pigeon [connection north to Kala- 
mazoo]-, Elkhart [junction with Air-Line of same 
road, to Toledo] ; South Bend and Laporte ; to 

Chicago. (For notes on Chicago, and connec- 
tions, see previous route, No. 13.) 



ROUTE NO. 16 -NORTHERN iSEMl-SKELETON). 

NEW YORK OR PHILADELPHIA TO THE LACKA- 
WANNA COAL REGIONS, AND THE OIL CREEK 
OIL REGIONS. 

New York, by the New Jersey Central road to 
Hampton Junction (see Route No. 13) ; to 

Manunhachunk (New Jersey). 

Or by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western 
road — Morris and Essex Division from New York: 
from foot Barclay Street to Hoboken; thence by 
rail, by Orange [connection to Newark] ; by Madi- 
soriy location of Drew Theological Seminary; by 
MoRRiSTOWN, thriving town of New Jersey, and 
capital of Morris County, on the Whippany Creek, 
with handsome residences, a "■ Washington's Head 
Quarters" and other Revolutionary remains; by 
Boonton, Rockaway and Dover ^ all towns in the iron- 
region, with extensive iron mills and foundries; by 
Chester, Drakesville, Stanhope [connection by stage 
or boat to Lake Hopatcong and to Budd's Lake] ; 
by Waterloo [connection north to Newtoyi, by Sussex 
road] ; by Hackettstown, handsome town of Warren 
County, with flouring mills and a Methodist Epis- 
copal Seminary of eminence [connection by stage to 
Schooley's Mountain (see Excursions from New 
York) ] ; to Washington. At Washington connect 



ROUTE NO. m.— NORTHERN. 8M 

with the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western road, 
and by that road to Manunkachunk. 

Or, from Philadelphia, by the Northern Pennsyl- 
vania road, or the Belvidere Delaware road, to 
Easton ; thence to Manunkachunk. 

Manunkachunk to the Delaware Water- Gap (see 
Excursions from New York). Water-Gap to 
Stroudshurg, (Pa.), and by several minor stations 
to 

SCRANTON (Pa.), important heavy-manufacturing 
town, and great centre of the coal operations of the 
Lackawanna district. In brief excursions from 
iScranton, locally directed, may be observed all the 
details of mining and transportation, of the immense 
coal trade and the iron trade accompanying, f Con- 
nections southwest to Pitiston and WilkesharrCy 
north to Great Bend and the Erie road ; east to 
Carlondale, Honesdale, etc]. Scran ton to 

Pittston, another important coal centre. Pitts- 
ton, by Rupert [connection southward with the 
wildly-grand Catawissa road, for Reading, etc.] ; by 
Milton and other stations, to 

WiLLiAMSPOKT, Capital of Lycoming County, on 
the Susquehanna river, with much industry and 
miscellaneous business, and the most extensive 
lumber trade of any town in America. Among the 
curiosities of the place, is the Great Timber Boom 
in the Susquehanna, capable of holding millions of 
logs at a time ; the many saw-mills and other lum- 
ber works. There are also extensive Black Marble 



830 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

Quarries in the neighborhood. Hotels : the fferdict 
Crawford, City, and American. 

From Williamsport by the Philadelphia and Erie 
road; by 

Lock Haven", another great lumber centre, also 
with immense Timber-Boom, saw-mills, etc., and 
fine scenery in the neighborhood. Hotels : the Ful- 
ton, Irving, and Montozir. Lock Haven, by Henovo, 
Emporium, Wilcox and other stations; to 

Irvineton, whence should be taken the Oil Creek 
and Alleghany road, to Tidioute, Olcopolis, FitJiole, 
Oil City, Titusville, or any of those great oil centres, 
from which short excursions, locally directed, can 
be made with most profit and satisfaction. Thence 
to Court, for Salamanca and the Erie road, going 
east ; or for Erie and the Lake Shore road, for the 
north or West 



ROUTE NO. 11 -CANADIAN AND WESTERN. 

NIAGARA FALLS, BY HAMILTON AND LONDON TO 

DETROIT AND CHICAGO, BY GREAT WESTERN 

AND MICHIGAN RAILWAYS. 

Leave Niagara Falls (Suspension Bridge), by rail 
on the Great Western road of Canada ; by Tliorold 
(crossing of the Welland Canal around the Falls 
of Niagara), to 

St. CatJiarine^s, pleasant small town, favorite as 
a residence, and with Mineral Springs of much cele- 
brity. Thence by Grimsby, lying near the shore of 
Lake Ontario, to 

. Hamilton, on Burlington Bay, at the extreme 
western end of the Lake, with very handsome coast- 
scenery in the neighborhood ; a magnificent harbor, 
with heavy lake trade and fine fishing ; and the 
town itself very prettily laid out, with elegant resi- 
dences and other buildings, well shaded and attrac- 
tive. Very fine views are to be obtained from the 
Mountain, where also stands Dundrum Castle, 
erected by Sir Allan McNab, when Governor-Gen- 
eral; and there are many favorite resorts in the 
neighborhood, among others the Beach, Oaklands, 
Flamhorough Heights, etc. Prominent Hotels : the 
Anglo-American and City. [Connection eastward 
{Hamilton Junction) with the Grand Trunk Rail- 



233 anORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

uray for Toronto and all the Eastern Canadian cities ; 
also, by boat on the Lake, for Toronto and the same]. 
Hamilton to Dundas, with many manufactures and 
much fine scenery at and near the Desjardines 
Canal, here commencing; to Harrisburg [connec- 
tion northward to Berlin, Ouelph, and the Grand 
Trunk roadj ; to 

Paris, a thriving town, with important water- 
power and manufactures, at the junction of the 
Grand and Nith rivers, with mineral springs and a 
petrifying spring in the neighborhood [connection 
northwestward to Goderich and Lake Huron, and 
southeastward to Dunville and Buffalo, by Gode- 
rich and Grand Trunk road]. Paris to 

London', considered the metropolis of South 
Western Canada — witli handsome location, streets 
well laid out and shaded, costly buildings, and all 
the attractions for residence. [Connection north- 
ward to St. Mary's and the Grand Trunk road; 
southward to Port Stanley, on Lake Erie, with boat 
connection to Buffalo]. London, by Komoha 
[connection westward to PetroUa (oil-centre), and 
Port Sarnia, at the entrance of the St. Clair river 
into Lake Huron] ; and by Glencoe ; to 

Bothwell, principal town of the Canadian oil- 
regions, in the neighborhood of which those who 
have not visited the Pennsylvania oil-sections, may 
derive a very good idea of the petroleum wells and 
processes. 

Bothwell to Oliatharriy with the distinction of very 



» 
ROUTE NO. VJ.— CANADIAN AND WESTERN. 2^3 

large percentage of negro population. [Connection 
with Detroit, by steamers down the Thames river 
and across Lake St. Clair to Detroit river]. Chatham 
by unimportant stations to 

Windsor, very old town on the eastern side of the 
Detroit river, with many French peculiarities and 
but moderate prosperity. From Windsor, ferry, car- 
rying over cars on boats, to 

Detroit, Michigan, lying on the west bank of 
the Detroit river, strait connecting Lake St. Clair 
with Lake Erie. This is the largest city of the State ; 
one of the'oldest in any of the Western States, and 
one of the most wealthy and influential of all. The 
city front extends along the river at great length, 
with most of the location elevated, and the streets 
well shaded and broken up into many small parks 
and public grounds. The most important of the lat- 
ter is the Grand Circus, park and promenade, from 
which radiate many of the finest avenues; among 
others. Woodward, Jefferson, etc. There is also a 
large Plaza, called the Campus Martius, around 
which are grouped many of the finest buildings in 
the city. Without the town, the favorite public re- 
sorts are Fort Wayne, on the river, three miles Irom 
the city; Belle Be, Grosse Pointe and Grosse Be, 
more distant. The principal Cemeteries are Mm- 
wood and Woodlawn. 

Among the prominent buildings in the city, are 
the Michigan Central Freight Depot, of immense 
size ar.d costly construction, with the great Loco- 



834 HHOET-TRIP GUIDE. 

motive Round House and Grain Elevator, near it ; 
the Custom House (with Post OflBce) ; the Opera 
House; the Board of Trade Building, etc. The 
most notable churches are St. Paul's (Epis.), with 
the peculiarity of a roof without columns ; Christ, 
St. John's and Grace (all Epis.) ; Fort Street Pres- 
byterian; Central (Keth.-Epis.) ; St. Peter and St. 
Paul (Cath.) ; St. Anne's (Cath.), with very fine 
choir; etc. Detroit has also elaborate Water-works; 
large manufacturing and lake-shipping interests, 
in grain and provisions, etc. Theatre: the Opera 
House. Prominent Hotels: The RusMl, Biddle, 
and Michigan Exchange. 

From Detroit may be visited, north, Lake St. 
Clair, with many attractive features in scenery ; and 
southward, the Put-in-Bay Islands, below the mouth 
of the Detroit river, in Lake Erie, near which occur- 
red Commodore Perry's victory in 1813 ; now famous 
as bathing and fishing resort, etc. [Boat from De- 
troit to Kelly's Island, largest of the group, every day 
during warm season.] ♦ 

[Railway connection from Detroit : north to Port 
Huron, foot of Lake Huron : northwest to Saginaw, 
Wenona, etc. ; west to Kalamazoo, etc. ; east by route 
just traversed, and by Toledo and Lake Shore road ; 
west to Chicago, etc., as see route to be pursued. In 
addition, it has steamboat communication on Lake 
Erie to Buffalo and other ports ; and to all ports 
on Lake Huron and Michigan.] 

Leave Detroit by Michigan Central road, by Yp- 



ROUTE NO. n.— CANADIAN AND WESTERN 285 

silantiy pleasant small town of Michigan, seat of the 
State Normal School ; thence (along the Huron 
River), to 

Ann Aebor, handsome large town, on elevated 
plateau, with fine shade and many handsome build- 
ings ; and seat of the University of Michigan, an 
institution of wide influence, with varied courses, a 
fine Observatory, etc. Hotel: the Gregory House, 
By Dexter and CJielsea to 

Jackson, large and thriving town, with many 
manufactures, an important coal-trade from mines 
in the immediate neighborhood, and seat of the 
Michigan State Prison. [Connections, northward 
to Lansing (capital of the State) ; southward to 
Adrian and Toledo, etc.] From Lansing, by Parma, 
on the Kalamazoo river; by Albion (seat of Albion 
College, of the Meth. Epis. Church) ; by Marshall 
(large paper manufactories, and railway repair- 
shops); to Battle Cheek, manufacturing town, 
especially with extensive flour-mills [connections 
north to Lansing, and south to South Bend, etc.] ; 
to 

Kalamazoo, largest town in the State, after De- 
troit. It is a thriving manufacturing and commer- 
cial town, with much shaded Leauty and many 
handsome residences; and the .seat of a Baptist 
College and the State Insane Asylum. Hotels : the 
Kalamazoo and Burdich [Connections: northwest 
to Grand Haven and Lake Michigan ; also to Grand 
Rapids ; southeastward to Fort Wayne, etc.] From 



td6 SHORT-TRIP QUIDS. 

Kalamazoo, by Lawton (with extensive iron works) ; 
Niles, small town of commercial and industrial im- 
portance on the St. Joseph Elver ; New Buffalo and 
Michigan City (both modern towns, on the immedi* 
ate shore of Lake Michigan) ; to 
Ghigaoo. 



ROUTE NO. 18-NORTH-WESTERN iSEMI-SKELE- 

TON.) 

CHICAGO TO ST. PAUL (MINN.) AND FALLS OF ST, 

anthoisty; with option^al return down 
the mississippi or by lake superior. 

Leave Chicago by the Milwaukie Pivision of the 
Chicago and Northwestern road; by Waukegan ; 
Kenosha [connection west to Genoa, Rockford, 
etc.] ; Eacine [connection west to Elkhorn and 
Freeport ; to Milwaukie. (Or, by daily steamer 
on the Lake, direct from Chicago to Milwaukie.) 

Milwaukie, commercial capital of the State of 
Wisconsin, one of the largest cities of the northwest, 
considered very handsome and attractive as a resi- 
dence, and so healthful in reputation, as to have 
originated the jest that " people are obliged to go 
away from Milwaukie, when they wish to die ! " Ho- 
tels: ^Q Plankinton, Walker, and Newhall. [Connec- 
tions, northwest to Horicon, Portage City, etc.; 
southwest to Milton, Janesville, etc.] 

Leave Milwaukie by the Milwaukie and St Paul 
road ; by Watertown [connection north to Horicon ; 
northwest to Portage City, etc. ] ; to 

Madison, capital of the State, and a very thriving 
and handsome town, with the Capitol, University oj 
Wisconsin, many other local attractions, and the 



388 8H0RT-TBIP GUIDE. 

notably-beautiful Four Lakes in the immediate 
neighborhood. [Connections southeast to Chicago, 
by the Chicago and North-western road ; and to 
Plymouth, Beloit, etc., by the Madison division of 
the same road]. Madison, by many minor stations, 
to 

• Praibie du Chien", important town on the Mis- 
sissippi river, with a considerable river- trade, many 
steamboats making stoppage, and prairies in the 
neighborhood, as the name indicates. By ferry 
to 

McGregor, small town on the opposite side of the 
river ; where the route by rail is continued. By 
Colmar [connection westward to Charles City and 
the Missouri river] ; to Austin [connection south- 
ward by the Burlington and Cedar Rapids road, to 
Cedar Rapids^ Burlingtoiy and the Mississippi] ; to 
Ramsey fconnection west with Southern Minnesota 
road] ; to Owatona [connection west for Mankato, 
St. Peter, etc.] ; by St. Paul and Mendota Junctions 
[connection southwest to Mankato,] etc. ; to 

St. Paul, capital of Minnesota, and the largest 
town in the State ; on the Mississippi river, at the 
virtual head of navigation ; with State Capitol ; State 
Reform Sdiool ; St. Joseph's Academy (Catholic) ; a 
i^niZgre of great length, over the Mississippi ; Carver's 
Cave and Fountain Cave in the immediate vicinity, 
etc. Theatre: the Opera House. Leading Hotel: 
the Merchants^. [Connections: north to Duluth, 



ROUTE NO. 1%.— NORTH-WESTERN. 239 

on Lake Superior; northwest to St. Cloud; west to 
Breckenridge; southwest to 8t. Peter and Mankato; 
southeast to Milioauhie and Chicago, by route just 
traversed; also southeast to Red Wing, and Lake 
Pepin. Also by steamer to all Mississippi ports, 
St. Louis and New Orleans.] It is from St. Paul 
that visit will be paid (short ride by carriage, by 
Fort Snelling) to the 

Falls of Minnehaha, very beautiful small fall of the 
Minnesota river, made famous by Longfellow in the 
poem of the same name, with the Indian derivation, 
"Laughing Water." Also_will be visited, by rail 
from St. Paul, the 

Falls of St. Anthony, and Minneapolis, formerly 
St. Anthony, a few miles above. The town is a 
thriving one, at the actual head of navigation of the 
Mississippi, with State University, and connection 
by bridge with Minneapolis. The Falls, though 
with very mean surroundings, are grand, especially 
in the feature of Rapids, and show to best advan- 
tage by moonlight. 

From St. Paul descent of the Mississippi may be 
made, by steamboat, by Red Wing (Minn.) ; La 
Grosse (Wis.) ; Prairie du Cliien (Wis.) ; Dubuque 
(Iowa) ; Galena (111.), centre of the lead trade ; Dav- 
enport (Iowa) ; Roch Island (111.) ; Burlington 
(Iowa); Nauvoo (111.), original seat of the Mor- 
mons ; Keokuh (Iowa) ; Hannibal (Mo.) ; Alton 
(111.), and many other interesting river ports, with 
stoppages, to St. Louis for the South or return east- 
ward. 



240 SHORT-TRIP QXJIDE. 

Or, northern route may be taken, leaving St. 
Paul by the Tiake Superior and Mississippi road, 
to 

DuLUTH, new out important town at the extreme 
southwest point of Lake Superior, with good harbor, 
heavy lake trade and rapidly increasing prosperity, 
Hotel : the ClarTc House. At Duluth, steamer to be 
taken (depending on local direction for the most 
reliable particulars) on Lake Superior, to the Onto- 
nagon Copper Region, on the south shore of that 
Lake; thence to the Marquette Iron Regioyi, on 
the same shore ; thence to the Pictured Rocks, also 
on the same shore. Thence route may be continued, 
through the Sault St. Marie (Strait) into Lake 
Huron, and to Bay City for rail to Detroit; or to 
Detroit by boat direct ; or to Ooderich, for return 
by rail through Canada ; or through the St. Clair 
River and Lake, and the Detroit river, to Lake Erie, 
for Toledo, Cleveland^ Erie, or Buffalo, on that 
Lake. 



ROUTE NO. W.-GANADIAN. 

NIAGARA FALLS TO TOBONTO, OTIAWA, MONTREAL, 
QUEBEC, AND THE SAQUENAY RIVER; BY 
GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY, AND BOAT- 
CONNECTIONS. 

Division A 

NIAGARA PALLS TO TORONTO AND OTTAWA. 

Leave Niagara Falls (Suspension Bridge) by Great 
Western Eailway, tiy Thorold, to St. Gatharine^s (see 
Route No. 17) ; and to 

Hamilton (also see Route No 17.) 

From Hamilton, continuing by Toronto branch of 
Great Western Railway, at near the upper coast of 
Lake Ontario, by Oahville and other stations, to 

Toronto, most populous city of the Western prov- 
ince (Ontario), and one of the handsomest in Am- 
erica, though excelled in size by many. It lies on 
the Northern shore of Lake Ontario ; is well laid out 
and finely shaded ; and has one thoroughfare, Yonge 
Street, actually extending northward as an unbroken 
drive, the whole distance to the foot of Lake Simcoe, 
some 35 miles. Among the prominent buildings is 
the University of Toronto, a noble structure with 
lofty tower, and fine park surrounding. Scarcely 
second is Osgoode Hall, the law-court building, with 



342 SHORT-TRIP QVTDE. 

the distinction of not only being one of the most 
tasteful in the world for legal purposes, outside, but 
one of the most completely and tastefully arranged, 
within. There are also the Exchange^ Provincial 
Lunatic Asylurn, Trinity College, Normal School, 
etc., all worthy of visit Of the many Churches, 
three have especial prominence: the Cathedral of St. 
James (Epis.) ; that oiSt. Michael (Catholic) ; and the 
(new) Wesleyan Clmrch. Prominent Hotels: the 
Rossin House, and the Queeji's. Those who have 
abundant leisure, should make the drive before 
spoken of, to Lake Simcoe, with wild beauty; those 
with less time will find drives through some of the 
main avenues, and along the shore of the Lake, 
amply repaying them. 

[Connections by rail, north to Lake Simcoe ; west 
to Guelph, Berlin, and other towns on the Grand 
Trunk road. Also, by boat with Niagara Falls, by 
Lewiston and rail along the Niagara River. Also, 
by daily boat along Lake Ontario and down the St 
Lawrence River to Montreal. Also, to ports on 
the New York side of the Lake.] 

From Toronto by the Grand Trunk Railway ; by 
Frenchman's Bay, Bowmanville and other stations, 
to 

Port Hope, pleasant little town, on the Lake, with 
hill suburbs and some lake-trade. [Connection 
northwestward to Bcaverton, on Lake Simcoe ; and 
with Lake ports, by boat.] Port Hope to 

Golourg, important station as well as handsome 



ROUTE NO. l^.—GANADIAN. 248 

town, with fair trade, a pleasant residence, and the 
seat of Victoria College (Wesleyan). [Connection 
northward to Peterboro and Eice and Salmon Trout 
Lakes.] Cobourg, by Colborne (not to be con- 
founded with " Port Colbourn," on the Great Western 
road) ; by Trenton (on the little river Trent) ; by 
Belleville, pleasant small town on Moira river (actual 
inlet from the Lake) ; by Napanee, Gollins' Bay and 
other stations; to 

KiiTGSTOK, very old town at the entrance of the 
St. Lawrence river, and once capital of Canada; 
with very heavy/ fortifications, in Fort Henry and 
several other works ; seat of Qiteen's Colkye Uni- 
versity, the RegiopoUs Catholic College, Provincial 
Penitentiary. Hotel : the British American. Cape 
Vincent, on the New York shore, lies opposite. 
[Steamer connection from Kingston up the Lake to 
Toronto, down the Lake to Montreal and other 
ports. Also, by Eideau Canal, with Ottawa. From 
Cape Vincent, by rail to Watertoiun, and thence to 
Rome and other points on the New York Central 
road.] 

From Kingston, by Gananoque and Mallory 
Toivn, to Beockville, a town of pleasant location 
and some commercial importance, on the St. Law- 
rence river [connection northward to Garleton Place^ 
Aroiprior, etc. ; and from Carleton Place, by Canada 
Central road, to Ottawa]. Brockvilie to 

Peescott (Junction), small town, principally of 
transit importance, also on the St. Lawrence. £Con- 



844 aSOBTTRIP GUIDE. 

aections, north to Ottawa, as see route to be pur- 
Bued ; east direct to Montreal, continuing by Grand 
Trunk road; across the river to Ogdenshurg, on the 
New York side, whence connection south to the 
New York Central road and towns on that line, by 
the Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg road, for 
southward ; or eastward by Ogdensburg and Cham- 
plain road to Rouse's Point, Lake Champlain and 
8t. Albans for all Eastern States]. 

From Prescott, by St. Lawrence and Ottawa road, 
through a region comparatively unbroken, but with 
many features of beauty in natural scenery, to 

Ottawa, Capital of the Dominion of Canada. It 
lies on the Ottawa river, and on the Rideau Canal, 
running to Lake Ontario at Kingston. The scenery 
in the district is somewhat wild and untamed, but 
rery picturesque ; and in the immediate neighbor- 
hood may be witnessed some of the most extensive 
operations in the rafting and sawing of lumber and 
timber, on the whole range of the continent. The 
Chaudiere Great Falls (of the Ottawa) lie within 
the city proper, at the west, are some 200 feet in 
width by 40 in depth, and have many features of 
grandeur; while the iiY^Ze i^aWs, handsomer though 
smaller, lie at the east. The Rideau Falls, at the 
northeast, and the Remoux and De Cheyne Rapids, 
some miles above, are all worthy of visit and 
notice. 

The feature of Ottawa is of course to be found in 
the Parliament Houses and government buildingp 



ROUTE NO. 19.— CANADIAN. 245 ' 

connected. They are of native stone, lately 
erected, at great cost, and truly magnificent in 
size, design and arrangement — promising, when 
fully completed, with their grounds, to be worthy 
of the Dominion and command great admiration. 
The respectiye Chambers of the Senate and House 
of Commons are of the same size as those at West- 
minster Palace, and quite as handsomely finished ; 
and there is an immense Library, not yet finished, 
to be capable of accommodating half a million vol- 
umes. They stand at the height of an elevation 
known as " Barrack Hill," forming the apex of the 
higher ground on which the Upper Town is built, 
being divided from the Lower Town by the Rideau 
Canal and its handsome stone bridge. The Queen's 
Printing ffouse, near th€ Parliament Houses, the 
Oatholic Cathedral, and other prominent buildings, 
demand attention. Leading Hotel: the Russell 
House. [Connection west to Carleton Place and the 
Brockville road ; and to Prescott, Ogdensburg, etc., 
by the route just traversed. Direct railway along 
the Ottawa river, to Montreal, in course of con- 
struction]. 

Division B. 
} 

OTTAWA TO AND AT MONTREAL. 

Leave Ottawa by morning boat on the Ottawa 
river ; with fine view, soon after leaving, of the 
Rideau Falls, on the right ; and not long afterwards, 
the entrance of the Qatineau River, tributary of 



246 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the Ottawa, into that river, the largest on the Conti- 
nent, after the Mississippi and the St. Lawrence, and 
yery picturesque throughout, thougli with a beauty 
untamed. Various minor landings are made, before 
reaching 

L'Original ; at which point, if time allows, the 
tourist should lie over for one day, to visit the 

Caledonia Springs, nine miles distant, the heal- 
ing qualities of which have made them very cele- 
brated, with capacious hotel, and the presence, in 
summer, of a very large number of the best known 
people of fashion and condition, in the Dominion. 
Return to L' Original. 

From L'Original, whether with or without hav- 
ing visited the Springs, the course is pursued by 
boat, down the Ottawa, to 

Grenville (with Ilaiolcesburg op'posite, with large 
saw mills) where the boat is left and a land ride of 
twelve miles taken (the Lo?ig Sault Rapids making 
navigation impossible) ; to 

Carillon, at the lower end of the rapids, where 
another boat of tha line is taken. It is worthy of 
remark that from Ottawa to this point, the middle 
of the river has been the dividing line between the 
two provinces of Ontario (west) and Quebec (east) ; 
but that here the line leaves the river, striking 
southward to the St. Lawrence, and the course is 
taken entirely in that of Quebec. 

Among the next prominent objects of interest fol- 
lowing, is the Mountain of Rigaud^ looming high 



ROUTE NO. m^OAJSTADIAir. 247 

on the southern bank, abore the rough and wooded 
shores. Several minor landings are made on this 
portion of the river, after leaving which it expands 
into the 

Lake of the Two Mountains^ with the two moun- 
tains giving its name, rising on either side, one of 
them. Calvary, being held sacred by the Indians. 
Not long after, is reached 

St. Akne's, rendered so celebrated by Moore, in 
the " Canadian Boat Song." At this point Mont 
RoTjale, the height above Montreal, comes into view. 
The boat is taken through locks, at St. Anne's, to 
avoid the rapids, coming out into the 

Lake St. Louis, in which the Ottawa for the 
first time joins the St. Lawrence. Landing from the 
boat is made at 

Lachine, where cars of the Grand Trunk Rail« 
Way are taken to 

Montreal, the largest and most prosperous city 
of the British Possessions in North America ; Me- 
tropolitan See of the English Church in Canada, 
and seat of a Catholic Bishopric. It lies on rapidly 
rising ground, on the island of the same name, with 
the St. Lawrence immediately in front, Back River 
forming the sound behind it; and the mountain 
which gives it name. Mount Royal, also rising 
grandly at the back. There are few and unimpor- 
tant fortifications, {St. Helen's Island being the 
principal); but the town has usually been garri- 
soned, being considered the military key of the 



S48 BEORT-TEIP GUIDE. 

Dominion. The population of Montreal is won- 
drously mixed, there being many streets, in the higher 
and newer parts of the town, in which the English 
and Scotch elements entirely predominate, with 
many of the features of an English city; while in 
the older and lower parts of the town, many of the' 
streets are still called "Eues," and the prevailing 
architecture, language and manner are all French^ 
of not too refined an order. There are now fine 
quays along the river ; costly and elegant residences 
have rapidly increased in number, stretching back 
towards Mount Koyal ; and the commercial impor- 
tance and prosperity of the Northern Metropolis 
have quite kept pace with its growing luxury. 
Among other evidences of its prosperity has been 
the establishment of the fine Allan line of Steamers 
to Liverpool and Glasgow, coming to Quebec and 
Montreal during the open season, and to Portland 
in the winter. 

First among the edifices of Montreal, comes the 
Catholic Cathedral of Notre Dame^ standing on the 
Place d'Armes, in the centre of the old city, and so 
large that it is accredited with containing 10,000 
people without diflficulty. It is Gothic in architec- 
ture, with two tall towers, commanding a magnifi- 
cent view from the top; and within, it has many 
of the features of European churches of the same 
faith. Christ Church Cathedral (Epis.) and *S'^. 
Andr&w's Church (Episcopal) rank next; and the 
Church of the Jesuits, with some fine pictures, is 



RO UTE NO. 19.— CANADIAN. 249 

much visited and admirecl. Of public, commercial and 
other buildings may be especially noted the Court 
House, one of the best on the continent ; the Bank 
0/ il/bni^reaZ, near the Cathedral ; McGill College^ at 
the foot of Mount Eoyal; Bonsecours Market, on 
the quay, with large dome and excellent internal 
arrangements ; St. Patrick'' s Hall, Victoria square ; 
the Albert Buildings, same place ; Dominion Block, 
McQ-ill street, etc. There are three Nunneries, always 
exciting more or less attention among visitors, and 
to which admission is often granted; the Gray, 
(lately removed); the Black, Notre Dame street;, 
and the Hotel Dieu. Notre Dame and Oreat St. 
James Streets may be named as the most fashionable 
promenades; and St. Paul Street as the leading 
commercial. The principal Cemetery is Mount Royal, 
on the mountain of that name, around which, also, 
is the most fashionable drive of the city. There is a 
handsome Nelson Monument at the Place Jacques 
Oartier. Theatre: the Montreal. Leading Hotels: 
St. Lawrence Hall, the Ottawa, the Montreal, etc. 

Many excursions of interest can be made from 
Montreal, but the most indispensable one is that 
to 

The Victoria Bridge over the St. Lawrence, at 
Point St. Charles, order to inspect which can be 
obtained from the officers of the Grand Trunk Eail- 
way, near the entrance. It is one of the immense 
enterprises of later times, with no leas than 23 spans 



350 BHOBT- TRIP G UIDE. 

of 242 feet each, a centre one of 330 feet, 

and a total length of two miles. It is tubular, on 
the plan of the great bridge over the Menai Strait, 
in Wales ; was built by Robert Stephenson and A. M. 
Ross ; and opened by the Prince of Wales during hia 
American visit, in August, ISGO, 

Another very pleasant excursion, for those reach- 
ing Montreal by rail, is to take rail to Lachine, and 
thence return to the city by boat Down the Lachine 
BapidSj with excellent idea thus obtained of that 
feature of the St. Lawrence. 

[Connections fiom Montreal : westward to Otta- 
wa, by the route just traversed ; eastward to Que- 
bec, by the Grand Trunk road (from St. Lambert) ; 
southward to Mouse's Point, and thence to all points 
in the Eastern and Middle United States, (from La 
Prairie). Westward by steamer on the St. Law- 
rence and Lake Ontario, to Toronto and leading 
Lake ports ; eastward by steamer on the St. Law- 
rence, to Quebec and the farther East. By Allan 
line of sea-steamers to Halifax, Liverpool and 
Glasgow.] 

Division C. 

MONTREAL TO AND AT QUEBEC, WITH EXCURSIONS 

Leave Montreal (from Bonaventure Station), bj 
train on the Grand Trunk Railway; across the 
Victoria Bridge at Point St. diaries ; by St. Lam- 
bert, St. Hyacinthe, and other stations, to 



ROUTE NO. l^.—GANADIAir. 251 

RiCHMON"D, important railway station and point 
of intersection. [Connection, south-eastward, by 
Portland Division of the Grand Trunk road, to 
Island Po7id; and thence to Gorliam for the White 
Mountains and southward, or to Poktland and 
connections for Boston" and the east.] 

Erom Eichmond, by the Quebec branch of the 
Grand Trunk road; by Arthabasca [connection 
northward, by Bulstrode^ to St. Gregoire, on the 
St. Lawrence river, and Three Rivers (Canada ) ] ; 
by Blach River and other stations, to 

Point Levi [continuation of line eastward, to 
Riviere dii, Loup'], From Point Levi, ferry across 
the St. Lawi'ence, to 

Quebec, metropolis of the Province of the same 
name ; important military station, with very strong 
fortifications; and with as important historical 
interest as any city on the American continent. It 
lies on the north shore of the St. Lawrence, with ex- 
ceedingly picturesque location, being divided into 
the. Upper and Lower Towns, with the very strong 
fortifications of the Upper Town crowning the whole; 
and the Citadel of Cape Diamond, being considered 
aext in strength in the world to Gibraltar and 
Ehrenbreitstein. From the city proper, the suburbs 
of St. Eoch and St. John extend along the river St. 
Charles to the Plains of Abraham, on the Heights 
of the same name, rendered ever-memorable by the 
battle fought there between the English Gen. Wolfe 
and the French General Montcalm, in 1759, with 



Ma 8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

the death of both the commanders, but the total de- 
feat of the French, and the final capture of Quebec 
and destruction of the French power in the prov- 
ince. The spot where Wolfe fell, near an old re- 
doubt at the highest point, is pointed out to tourists, 
who have even a more singular interest in seeing 
the skull of Montcalm, exhumed not many years 
ago, now preserved in the Ursuline Convent. The 
joint Monument to Wolfe and Montcalm is to be 
found in the Public Garden, on Des Carrieres street. 
At the foot of the Citadel is a tower, where the Am- 
erican General Montgomery fell in the assault on 
Quebec, in 1775. Ascent from the Lower to the 
Upper Town is made by a very steep and winding 
street, through the Prescott Gate, by which also the 
fortifications may be reached on the St. Lawrence 
side. The Plains may be entered by the St. Louis 
Gate, nearly opposite. The View from the Citadel^ 
over the city, the St. Lawrence and the opposite 
shore, is a truly magnificent one and not to be omit- 
ted by any one with an eye to the picturesque. 

Among the most notable Buildings of Quebec, 
may be named the Parliament House (rebuilt when 
the city was still expected to remain the Capital) ; 
the very large Artillery Barracks ; the immense and 
fine Roman Catholic Cathedral; the Ursuline Con 
vent and Church, with attractive gardens ; the £Jn 
glish Cathedral (modern and noble); St. Andrew's 
Church J the very old church of Notre Dame des 
Victoires, in the Lower Town ; as also, in the Ijower 



ROUTE NO. \^.—OANADIAN. 253 

Town, the Exchange, Custom House, Marine Hos- 
pital, Post Office, and many of the most extensive 
commercial establishments. It is worthy of remark 
that Quebec, even more than Montreal, has a large 
French admixture, and that in some of the quarters 
many of the lower Parisian dwellings and habits 
may be seen duplicated. Among the principal 
streets are St. Louis; jyAut&uil (near the Espla- 
nade, with many fine residences) ; St. Louis Road 
(from the Gate of the same name ) ; St. Peter 
(Lower Town) — commercial. Principal Cemetery: 
Mt. Hermon, elevated and handsome. Leading 
Hotels : the St. Louis and Russell House. 

[Connections: south westward to Richmond and 
Montreal, by route just traversed; southward by 
the same route, by Kichmond, to Island Pond^ 
POETLAKD, the White Mountains, etc. ; eastward to 
the Riviere du Loup. Also, by boat on the St. 
Lawrence, to MoHXEEAi, etc.] 

Of short Excursions from Quebec, the most im- 
portant are those to the Falls of Moktmobenoi^ 
noble broken cascade, with fine surrounding scenery, 
reached in drive from the city, through Beaupori 
(seat of the Provincial Lunatic Asylum) ; to LorettCt 
a famous Indian Village, very popular for tourists, 
and with a world of Indian goods for sale ; to Cape 
Rouge (" Carouge "), with fine river scenery ; to the 
River and Falls of the Chaudiere, below the city (by 
Point Levi) ; to Lahe 8t. Charles, with fine scenery 
ttnd good angling. Something longer is that to the 



354 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

Falls of St. Anne, which may, however, be taken in 
conuection with those of Montmorenci. 

Division D. 

QUEBEC TO RIVIEEE DU LOUP AND THE SAGUENAY 
RIVER. 

Leave Quebec by rail, by Point Levi, along the 
south shore of the St. Lawrence, by Chaudiere 
Junction^ St. Thomas, L' Islet and other stations, to 
Riviere du Loup. 

Or, better, if time will allow the additional day: 

Leave Quebec by one of the steamers of the Cana- 
dian Navigation Company (usual trips twice a week: 
timely reference on this point to be made at the 
hotel of stoppage, at Quebec.) First object of inter- 
est, the large Island of Orleans, in the St. Law- 
rence immediately below the city, with consid( rable 
prosperity. The Falls of St. Anne (before referred 
to), and Lake St. Charles, celebrated for fine f rout- 
fishing, are both passed, at some miles below, i\ ough 
of course not visible from the boat. The first land- 
ing is made at 

Murray Bay, on the north shore, pleasan fc vil- 
lage and attractive watering-place, much resori/i^d to 
by Canadian families, and with good accomodation. 
Going on by steamer, an hour and a half lat^r is 
reached 

Riviere du Loup, on the southern side of the 
now rapidly-widening St. Lawrence — terminus of 



ROUTE NO. \^.— CANADIAN. 865 

the easternmost branch of tijie Grand Trunk road. 
[Connection by rail, southwest to Chaudiere Junc- 
tion, for Quebec; or thence to Richmond, for 
Montreal, or south to Island Pond for Poetlan"D 
or the White Mountains]. [From Riviere du Loup, 
visit is paid, by stage, to the favorite watering- 
place of 

Cacouna, with fine bathing, fishing, and much 
fashionable resort.] 

Leaving Eiviere du Loup, again by steamer, 
the St. Lawrence is recrossed, to the entrance of 
the 

Saguenay Eiver,- with scenery of such grand 
and stupendous wildness as is seldom encountered 
on either continent ; the almost perpendicular cliflfa 
at many points, and the great height of the border- 
ing hills, combining with the darkness of the water, 
the frequent waterfalls, and the general aspect of 
wild desolation, to awe as well as enrapture. At 
very near the entrance of the river is passed the 
very old village of Tadoussac ; and not long after, 
the little cove containing a fishing station, called 
L'Ance a VEau. The nest points of interest 
reached, are the two frightful over-hanging cliff- 
mouD tains, Cape Eternity and Cajje Trinity ^ be- 
neath which, from the apprehension that they may 
fall at any moment, the tourist *has no wish to re- 
main for any long period, while the water seems 
black as ink, from the shadows. Statue Point and 
the Talleau are other points of special interest, ap- 



256 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE, 

preaching Ha Ha Bay, a beautiful village, amid 
softened scenery, where the route terminates. 

Return by steamer to Riviere du Loup, whence 
rail to Quebec, or to Ghaudiere Junction for pro- 
ceeding southward. 



ROUTE NO. 20 -CANADIAN. 

KIAGARA FALLS TO TORONTO, MONTREAL AND 
QUEBEC, BY STEAMERS ; WITH DIREC- 
TION TO OTHER CITIES OF BRITISH 
POSSESSIONS. 

Leaye Niagara Falls (Suspension Bridge), by 
train to Lewiston, small town on the American 
shore of the Niagara River (Queenston, larger 
town, on the Canadian side, opposite, with monu- 
ment to the British General Brock, killed there in 
battle in 1812). 

At Lewiston take Toronto boat (twice daily), on 
the Niagara river, with stop at 

NiAQAEA (Village), place of embarkation for 
other passengers from Falls by rail on the American 
side. Immediately below Niagara are passed Fort 
Niagara, on American side, and Fort Massasauga, 
on Canadian. Soon after, passing from the River 
into Lake Ontario, with short sail to 

Toronto (See Route No 19). 

At Toronto take Royal Mail steamer for Montreal 
(every day, in connection with boat and train). 
Several hours' sail along the Lake, with shore-views, 
principally north — to 

Kingston. (See Route No. 19). 

(Or, leave Niagara by raii, as in Route No. 19, to 



258 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Hamilton, Toronto and Kingston, first taking boat 
here, at very early morning or afternoon). 

At Kingston the Lake narrows to become virtu- 
ally the St. Lawrence River, though, still very wide, 
and called the " Lake of the Thousand Islands." as 
containing the celebrated 

TJiousand Islands, said to number nearly twice as 
many, and certainly studding the stream very thick- 
ly, in rough-tree-crowned, wild and picturesque 
beauty — there really seeming, at times, to be diffi- 
culty in finding passage between them. 

Leaving the Lake of the Thousand Islands, en- 
tering the St. Lawn-nce proper, passing Ogdenshurg 
on the American side, and Prescott, on the Cana- 
dian (connection to Ottawa — see Route No. 19), — 
are soon entered the 

Rapids of the St. Laiurence, among the most ex- 
tended and notable to be found in any river on the 
globe, and some of them startling to the inexpe- 
rienced who mark the rapid rush of the water and 
the sharp inclination of the boat, at the worst mo- 
ments; though the amount of danger involved, 
with good boats and the inevitable skilful pilot- 
age, must be almost nothing, as accidents are liter- 
ally unheard of. The different Rapids follow each 
other in the succession named : the Gallopes (4) ; the 
Plate ; the Depleau ; the Long Sault ; the Coteau ; 
the Cedars (considered by many the finest ) ; the 
Cascades; and the Lacliine (shortest of all, but 
more sensational than any of the others). Im- 



ROUTE NO. 20.— CANADIAN. 269 

mediately after passing the LacMne, is in sight, and 
soon after reached, 

Montreal. (See Eoute No. 19). 

From Montreal (every evening) by boats of the 
Eichelieu Company, making the wliole passage dur- 
ing the night (little interesting scenery offering), 
and landing in the morning at 

Quebec. (See Route No. 19 ; as also for excur- 
sion to Riviere du Loup and the Saguenay River). 

SKELETON EOUTES TO OTHER TOWNS OF BRITISH 

POSSESSIONS. 

Halifax, Capital of Nova Scotia. Reached by 
steamers of the Allan line, from Montreal or Port- 
land ; or by packet-steamer direct from Portland ; 
or from St. John, N. B., by steamer to Windsor, 
N. S., and rail thence to Halifax. Hotels: the 
Waverley, Steiuarfs, Halifax, and International. 

St. John, New Brunswick. From Boston, by 
steamer, twice a week. From Halifax, N. S., by 
rail and steamer, by Windsor, N. S. Hotels : Wav- 
erley and Stubis'. 

Fredericton, Capital of New Brunswick. From 
Boston, by steamer to St. John's, and small steamer 
up the St. John River. Hotel : the Barker House. 

Windsor, Nova Scotia. By rail from Halifax. 

Sidney, Cape Breton. By boat from Halifax. 

Shediac, New Brunswick. By rail from St. John, 
N. B. ; also by steamer from Quebec. 

Charlotte Town, Prince Edward's Island. By 



860 SHORT TRIP GUIDB. 

rail from St. John, N. B., to Shediac, N. B. : thence 
boat. 

PiCTOU, Nova Scotia. By rail from St. John, 
N. B., to Shediac, N. B. ; thence boat. 

Bathtjest, New Brunswick. By boat from She- 
diac ; also from Quebec. 



ROUTE NO. 21. FAR-WESTERN iSEMhSKELETON.') 

CHICAGO TO OMAHA, SALT LAKE CITY, SAl^T FRAN- 
CISCO, BIG TREES AND YO-SEMITE VALLEY. 

Division A. 

CHICAGO TO OMAHA, BY OPTIONAL ROUTES. 

By Chicago and North- Western road. 

Leave Chicago by Chicago and North-Western 
road, to 

Junction [connection north-westward to Madi- 
son; westward to i)?*w/etYA and Dubuque]. Junc- 
tion, by Geneva and other stations, to 

Dixon [connection northward to Freeport; south- 
ward to Bloomington, Springfield, Alton and St. 
LouisJ. By other stations to 

Sterling [connection south-westward to Rock 
Island] ; to 

Clinton, on the Mississippi River, entering the 
State ot Iowa [river connections north and south. 
Connections to Dubuque, McGregor, Prairie du 
Chien and Lacrosse]. Clinton, by various stations, 
to 

Cedar Rapids, railway centre on the Cedar 
River. [Connections, northeast to Duiuque ; north 
to Waterloo, Austin and St. Paul; south to Bur- 
lington and Keohuk]. Cedar Rapids, by various 
other stations, to 



262 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Marshall^ [connections northward to Mason City, 
Austin and St. Paul ; southward to Ottumwa, Keo- 
kuh, &C.J ; to Boone, thriving town and coal centre, 
to 

Grand Junction [connection north to Fort 
Dodge]. Grand Junction, by many other stations, 
through the Valley of the Des Moines, to 

Missouri Valley Junction. [Minor connec- 
tions north to Sioux City ; westward by California 
Junction, across the Missouri Eiver to Fremont and 
the Union Pacific road, for California and the Pa- 
cific coast]. By other stations to 

Council Bluffs, on the eastern side of the Mis- 
souri Eiver. [Connections north to Sioux City, &c. ; 
south to Nebraska City (by branch), Lincoln, 
Capital of Nebraska, St. Joseph, on the Missouri 
Eiver, &c]. From Council Bluffs, bridge-transfer 
(railroad), to Omaha. 

By Chicago and Rock Island road. 

Leave Chicago by the Chicago and Eock Island 
road; by Engletvood [connections eastward to all 
cities on the Michigan Southern and Lake Shore 
roads; southeastward to Fort Wayne, Pittsburg, 
&c.]. By other stations to 

Joliet, large town on the Des Moines Eiver, 
•with State Penitentiary, extensive stone-quarries, 
&c. [Connections, eastward to Michigan Southern 
and Lake Shore roads ; south westward to Blooming- 



ROUTE NO. 21.— FAR-WESTERN. 268 

ton and Springfield; also by Canal with Chicago]. 
By other stations to 

La Salle, flourishing town and coal centre on 
the Illinois river. [Connections, north to Mendota 
and Freeport, south to Bloomington and SprI-UG- 
FiELD, by Illinois Central road ; also by steamer to 
St. Louis]. La Salle, by Bureau [connection south- 
ward to Peoria] ; by Pond Creek [connection south- 
westward to Quincy and to Burlington\ ; by minor 
stations to 

Rock Island, important town on the Mississippi, 
with extensive manufactures and river trade. [Con- 
nections northeast to Freeport, etc.; southeast to 
Peoria; south to Alton and St. Louis; also by 
steamboat to St. Louis]. From Rock Island, by 
bridge over the Mississippi, to 

DaveiiTPORt (Iowa), large town on the western 
bank of that river, with water-power, manufactures, 
Griswold and other Colleges, an Opera House, etc. 
[Connections, substantially same as Rock Island]. 
Davenport to Wilton [connection south westward to 
Muscatine, Washington, and the Kansas Pacific 
road] ; to Moscow [connection, by Ashland, with 
Des Moines Valley road] ; to 

West Liberty [connection south to Burlingtois" ; 
north to Cedar Rapids, etc.] ; to 

Iowa City, on the Iowa river, formerly capital of 
the State, and now with State University, manu- 
factures, etc. By other stations to Orinnell, seat of 
Iowa College [connections north to Mason City, 



264 8H0RT-TRIP QUXDE. 

etc.; south to Ottumwa, etc.] By other stationB 
to 

Des Moines, capital of the State of Iowa, thriv- 
ing marmfacturing town and coal centre, at the 
confluence of Des Moines and Eaccoon rivers, with 
magnificent State House in course of erection. [Con- 
nections, northwest to Fort Dodge and Sioux City; 
southeast to Ottumwa, Keohuk, etc. J Des Moines, 
by Dexter, Casey, Atlantic, and other stations, to 

Council Bluffs and Omaha. (See Chicago and 
Northwestern route over the same distance, imme- 
diately preceding.) 

By Chicago, Burlington and Quincy road. 

Leave Chicago by the Chicago, Burlington and 
Quincy road, by Aurora, on Fox river ; by Mendota, 
agricultural and manufacturing town, seat of Men- 
dota College, and of a Wesleyan Seminary [connec- 
tion south to Bloomington, etc., north to Freeport, 
etc., by the Illinois Central road] ; by Princeton, 
Qalva ; by Galesdurg, seat of Knox and Lombard 
Colleges [connection south-eastward to Peoria, etc.]; 
by Monmouth, to 

Burlington", on the Mississippi river, one of the 
largest and most important towns of Iowa, with fine 
river scenery, extensive commerce, by river and other- 
«7ise, seat of Burlington University (Baptist), and a 
great railway centre. [Connections very general; 
principally by the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy 
road and its branches ; and Mississippi river may be 



BO UTE No. 21.— FAR WESTERN. 365 

ascended to Roch Island, Dubuque, etc., or descended 
to St. Louis, etc.] 

From Burlington by the Burlington and Missouri 
road, by the important stations of Ottumwa [con- 
nections north to Cedar Rapids, southward and east- 
ward to St. Louis, etc.J ; Chariton, Osceola, Creston, ; 
Red Oak, Pacific Junction, etc., to 

Council Bluffs and Omaha. (See Chicago and 
North Western route.) 

Division B, 

OMAHA to OGDEN, SALT LAKE CITY, AND SAN 
FRANCISCO. 

Omaha, Nebraska, on the western side of the 
Missouri river, opposite Council Bluffs, well located, 
and unprecedentedly rapid in growth, though de- 
riving its principal importance from the great Pacific 
transit through it, and the commercial supply of a 
wide section, making it the central point between 
Chicago and San Francisco. Communication with 
Council Bluffs by ferry boat, and by the magnificent 
iron bridge now crossing the Missouri. [Connec- 
tions: (besides the routes just traversed) south-east 
to Ottumwa, Keohuh, and Burlington, by the 
Burlington and Missouri road ; north to Galifornia 
Junction and Sioux City; south to St. Joseph, 
Wyandotte, and Topeka, capital of the State of 
Kansas; etc.] 

[Before proceeding westward from Omaha, on the 
great Pacific Route, a few observations are worthy ol 



266 8H0RT-TBIP GUIDE. 

notice. First, no apprehensions of the length of 
the road need be entertained, as to anything more 
than easily-endurable fatigue — the road, through- 
out, from Omaha to the Pacific, being thoroughly 
well laid, a large proportion of it straight and level, 
and the moderate rate of speed making the motion 
smooth and easy, so that reading, writing, card- 
playing, conversation or eating (if lunch is carried), 
are all practicable and easy throughout. Second, to 
secure the full charm of the route, berths in the 
Pullman Sleeping Carriages, advisable elsewhere, 
are almost indispensable for the night-and-day 
travel on the Union Pacific road, as are the Silver 
Palace Cars of the same character correspondingly 
necessary beyond Ogden, on the Central Pacific 
road. The cost of using these coaches, with freer 
room and greater privileges by day and comfortable 
sleeping-accommodations by night, will be found 
but a trifle added to the price of tickets (only 18.00, 
Omaha to Ogden ; $6.00, Ogden to the Pacific) ; and 
no wiser additional outlay can be made, as no more 
complete luxury can be found in any line of travel 
Tliird, the trains stop at convenient stations for 
meals, which will be found good enough for all 
practical purposes, and many excellent ; though 
parties of several persons will probably add to their 
comfort by taking lunch-baskets, prepared food, and 
what drinks they may prefer, and having tables set 
for them in the cars, at leisure, by the stewards or 
porters. Fourth, at some portions of the long ride 



ROUTE No. 21.— FAB WESTERN. 267 

there is always dust, and linen or other dusters (wraps) 
are indispensable; while the same stout clothing 
needed nearly all the year at San Francisco and 
other places on the immediate Pacific coast, is often 
found pleasant at that point of the route which 
crosses the Rocky Mountains. Fifth, to the intel- 
ligent and observing, the ride is by no means monot- 
onous, at least on the first crossing — the infinite 
variety of scenery making such monotony impos- 
sible. The first few hours from Omaha show the 
Prairies, in perfection, with an absolute level, fer- 
tility, though without wood, the Platte river on the 
left, and a sea of living green; the second day 
changes the prairies to the Plains, with less fertility, 
some bluffs, and low river scenery ; while, also on 
the second day, the snow-crested Rocky Mountains 
are seen, the route of travel roughens, and the 
mountains themselves are crossed ; to these succeed 
the High Plains of Laramie ; then the Desert, with 
rocky bluffs; then the Wahsatch Mountains, gener- 
ally snow-crowned, and the grand scenery of Echo 
and Weber Canons, penetrating through them, to 
Ogden (with its detour of Salt Lake City). Beyond 
Ogden occurs, first^ grand scenery on the left, of the 
Wahsatch, the Great Salt Lake, etc.; then succeed 
the C-reat American Desert, with its characteristics 
of desolation indicated by the name — the Valley of 
the Humboldt, with some approach to fertility — 
followed by the Great !N"evada Sandy Desert, more 
desolate than any preceding, but curious in its 



868 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

bluffs and rock-formations. Then follow the noble 
and wild scenery of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, 
nearly always snow-crowned, the tremendous passes 
over and around the summits of those mountains, 
with nearly forty miles of snow-sheds, views of the 
^reat gold-mining sections and operations, the thril- 
ling descent of the Sierras, to the English-looking 
and fertile plains of California.] 

The following table shows all the stations between 
Omaha and San Francisco, on both the Union and 
Central Pacific roads, with the distances from 
Omaha, and the altitudes of all points above sea- 
level. Those in capitals are" the more important 
stations; and in notes following, and marked by 
reference letters (a, h, c, etc.) will be found some of 
the notable features of the route, the connections, etc. 
General eating-stations are designated, in the notes, 
by the initials " 0. E. S." 



Dietances 

from 
OMAHA. 


STATIONS. 


§ 

1 




OMAHA DEPOT 


966 


4 

10 


Summit Siding 

Gilmore a 


1142 
976 


15 


Papillon 


972 


29 


Elkhorn b 


1150 


35 


... . Valley 


1120 


47 
54 


Fremont c 

Ketchum 


1176 
1270 


62 
69 


North Bend d 

Rogers 


1259 
1859 



ROUTE NO. '2,1.— FAB WE8TEBN. 269 





STATIONS. 


i 
1 


76 


Schuyler 


1335 


84 


Richland 


1440 


92 


Columbus e 


1432 


99 


Jackson 


1470 


109 


Silver Creek , . . . 


1534 


131 


Clark's 


1610 


182 


Lone Tree 


1686 


142 


Chapman's 


1760 


148 


Lockwood 


1800 


154 


GRAND ISLAND ef 


1850 


162 


Alda 


1907 


172 


Wood River 


1974 


183 




3046 


191 


Kearney f 


2106 


201 




3170 


212 


Elm Creek 


3841 


221 




3305 


230 
240 


Plum Creek g 


2370 
2440 


250 


Willow Island 


2511 


260 




3570 


268 


Brady Island 


3637 


278 




3695 


285 


Gannett 


3753 


291 




3789 


299 


Nichols 


3883 


308 


O'Fallon's 


3976 


315 


Dexter 


3000 


322 




3038 


332 


Roscoe 


3105 


343 




3190 


351 


Brule 


3366 


361 




3325 


369 


Barton 


3421 


377 




350O 


387 


Chappel 


3702 


897 




880a 


408 


Colton 


4020 



270 



8E0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 



m 

8 < 

G O 


STATIONS. 


§ 

1 


414 


SIDNEY k 


4073 


423 


Brownson .... 


4200 


433 


Potter 


4370 


442 


Bennett 


4580 


451 


.Antelope 


4712 


463 


Bushnell 


4860 


473 


Pine Bluffs, W. T. I 


5026 


484 


Egbert 


527-3 


496 


Hillsdale nt 


5591 


508 


Archer 


6000 


516 


CHEYENNE n 


6041 


523 


Hazard 


6325 


531 




6724 


636 . 


Granite Canon 


7298 


54a 




7780 


549 


Sherman o 


8242 


558 




7857 


564 


Red Buttes 


7336 


570 




7163 


573 


LARAMIE p 


7123 


581 




7090 


587 


Wyomin ^ 


7068 


602 




7044 


606 


Lookout 


7169 


638 




6680 


645 


Medicine Bow 


6550 


656 




6750 


662 


Simpson 


6898 


669 




6950 


675 


Dana 


6875 


680 




6751 


688 


Walcott 


6800 


690 




6840 


704 


Grennville 


6560 


709 
716 


RAWLINS 

Summit 


6732 

6821 


723 




6900 


730 


Fillmore 


6885 



ROUTE NO. 21.— FAB WESTERN. 



271 



5 o 


STATIONS. 


ai 
§ 

t 


737 


Crestou t 


7030 


744 


Latham 


690O 


753 


Wash-a-kie 


6697 


761 


Red Desert 


6710 


775 


Table Rock 


689'* 


785 


Bitter Creek 


668J 


794 


Black Buttes 


6600 


798 


Hallville 


6590 


805 


Point of Rocks 


6490 


817 


Salt Wells 


6360 


825 


Baxter 


6300 


831 


Rock Springs 


6280 


839 




6200 


845 


GREEN RIVER « 


6140 


858 




6340 


867 


Marston 


6245 


876 




6270 


887 


Cliurch. Buttes w 


6317 


896 




6500 


904 


Carter x 


6550 


913 


.... , Bridget » 


6780 


928 


Leroy 


712a 


937 




6540 


944 


Aspen 


7835 


950 




6790 


614 


Miser 


6810 


623 




6690 


630 


Wilcox 


7038 


957 




6870 


966 


Wahsatch 


6879 


975 




6290 


982 


Hanging Rock 


5974 


991 




5315 


999 


Weber Quarry 


5250 


1007 




5130 


1015 


Peterson 


4963 


1019 




4870 


1024 


Uintah 


4560 



373 



SHORT-TRIP QUIBE. 



Distances 

from 
OMAHA. 


STATIONS, 


1 


1032 


OGDEN aa 


4340 


1040 


Bonneville 


4310 


1055 


Corinne bb 


4294 


1073 


Blue Creek 


4360 


1084 


Promontory cc 


4943 


1093 


... Rozel 


4600 


1105 


Monument dd 


4390 


1123 


Kelton ee 


4500 


1139 


Matlin 


4821 


1153 


Terrace . 


4450 


1178 


Lucin 


4400 


1187 




4600 


1197 


Montello 


4800 


1206 




5409 


1215 


TOANO ff 


5964 


1227 




6180 


1236 


Independence 


6115 


1251 




5650 


1259 


Tulasco 


5418 


1283 




5220 


1297 


Osino Tih 


5100 


1307 




5030 


1319 


, Moleen 


5000 


1330 




4930 


1339 


Palisade 


4870 


1358 




4717 


1368 


Shoshone 


4665 


1379 




4575 


1991 


Battle Mountain kk\ 


4534 


1410 




4449 


1434 


Golconda 


4419 


1451 




4355 


1473 


Raspberry 


4354 


1492 




4262 


1514 


Oreana 


4206 


1525 




4100 


1541 


Brown's 


3955 


1553 


White Plains 


3921 



ROUTE NO. '^l.—FAB WESTERN. 



278 



led 

O O 


STATIONS. 


1 


1568 


Hot Springs 


4098 


1587 


WADSWORTH nn 


4104 


1602 


Clark's 


4290 


1614 


Vista 


4400 


1633 


: . . Reno 00 


4525 


1633 


Verdi, California pp 


4915 


1648 


. . .Boca 


5560 


1657 


TRUCKEE qq 


5866 


1671 


Summit rr. 


7042 


1684 


Cisco 


5911 


1693 


Emigrant Gap ss 


5309 


1697 




4700 


1706 


, Alta 


3635 


1709 




3425 


1711 


Gold Run tt 


3245 


1723 




3448 


1740 


Auburn 


1385 


1745 




920 


1754 


Rocklin 


269 


1758 




189 


1768 


Arcade 


76 


1776 




56 


1803 


Gait 


73 


1824 




46 


1834 


Lathrop xx 


48 


1867 
1898 


Niles 


520 

148 


1914 




114 


1909 


Oakland zz 





1914 


SAN FRANCISCO 






NOTES. 

a. OiJmore, entrance of the Parillon Valley. 

b. Elkhom, entrance of the Platte Valley, and crossing 
of th e Elkhom river. 

c. JPremont, connection with the Chicago and North- 
western road, by California Junction. G. E. S. 



274 SHORT^TBIP 9 VIDE. 

d. North Bend, with first views of the Platte river on the 
left. 

e. Gotumbus, with bridge across the Platte, and railroad 
crossing the Loup Fork near. 

ef . Grand Island, important station. G. E. S. 

f. Kearney, supply station for Font Kearney, in the im- 
mediate neighborhood. 

g. Plum Greek, scene of the Plum Creek Massacre of rail- 
road employees, 1868. 

h. McPherson, supply station for Fort McPherson on the 
opposite side of the river. 

i. North Platte, with extensive machine-shop of the rail- 
way company. 

j. Julesburg, with Fort Sedgwick near — the place having 
some activity and the reputation of being the wickedest in 
the world, during the railway building, but now stripped 
and in decay. 

k. Sidney, important station, with railway repair-shops, 
and Sidney Barracks, military station, adjoining. G. E. S. 

1. Pine Bluffs, with singular rock scenery in the neigh- 
borhood. 

m. Hillsdale, with first views, near, of the Black Hills, 
the snow-crowned peaks of the Rocky Mountains ; and 
Pike's Peak, Long's and Spanish Peaks, of the Colorado 
Mountains, often visible at the south-west, at the incredible 
distance of 170 miles. 

n. Cheyenne, principal station between Omaha and 
Ogden, with railway shops. Point of connection, by the 
Denver Pacific road, with Denver ; and thence, by the Kan- 
sas Pacific road, with Topeka, Lawrence and other Kansas 
towns, and St. Louis. Also, by the road to Denver, and 
stages thence, with Gentral Gity, Golden Gity, Pikers Peak, 
and other mountain and mining centres of Colorado. Also, 
central military station of the Plains. G. E. S. 

o. Sherman, highest point of the railway over the Rocky 
Mountains, and also highest railway-station in the world, 
with altitude of 8,242 feet. 

p. Laramie, important station, with railway machine- 
shops, near the North Park on the south and the Black Hills 
on the north, and very favorable for residence and mountain 
rambles. G. E. S. 

q. Garbon, with coal-mines in the neighborhood. 

r. Percy, with fine views of Elk Mountain. 

s. St. Mary's, with wild and rugged scenery in the vic'*' 
Jty, and a crossing of the Laramie river. 



ROUTE No. 21.—F^ii WESTERN. 275 

t. Greston, at the summit of the dividing-ridge of the 
continent, though really lower than Sherman. 

u. Green River, thriving village, fording-place of the 
old Overland Stage line, and with fine views of the Uintah 
Mountains at the south, and the Wind River Mountains at 
the north. Q. E. S. 

V. Bryan, important station, and point of connection, by 
stage, with the Sweet Water mining region and the once 
popular South Pass of the Overland emigration. 

w. Church Suites, with singular rock formations in the 
neighborhood, giving it the name; and the chief place of 
supply of the celebrated moss-agates of the section. 

X. Garter, supply station for Fort Bridger, near. 

y. Evanston, new but thriving toT\Ti of Utah, with repu- 
tation for supplying the alkali bread, of peculiar excellence; 
and the point at which, when available, the open " observa- 
tion car" is attached to the westward-bound train, for favor- 
able views of the snow-crowned Wahsatch mountains, and 
through Echo and Weber Canons. G. E. S. 

z. Gastle Rock, entrance to the grand rock scenery of 
Echo Canon, and of Weber Canon, following, with Pulpit 
Rock, the Thousand Mile Tree, the Devil's Gate, Devil's 
Slide, and other notable features of one of the most remark- 
able passes on the continent. 

aa. Ogden, termination of the Union Pacific road, and 
commencement of the Central Pacific; Mormon town of 
some prosperity, and with grand scenery at the north, in 
in Ogden and other Canons. Also, point of departure, by the 
Utah Central railroad, for Salt Lake City (see that detour, 
Division D, following), and for northern points by the Utah 
Northern road. G. E. S. 

bb. Corinne, important station near the Great Salt Lake, 
with stage connection to the Lake, and by boat to Salt Lake 
City ; also stage connection to Virginia, Helena, and other 
mountain and mining towns of Nevada. 

cc. Promontory — ^Promontor^ Point, so called from strange 
rock protuberances near it ; the spot where the " last spike" 
of the connecting roads was driven on the 10th May, 1869, 
and where the connection of the two roads was expected to 
be made, until transferred to Ogden by Act of Congress. 

dd. Monument, commencement of the Great American 
Desert. 

ee. Kelton, with connection by stage to Boise City, Rocky 
Bar, and other mining sections in Idaho, and thence to cities 
of Oregon. 



276 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

ff. Toano, important station, at near the entrance to the 
Humboldt Valley. G. E. S. 

gg. Wells., with the Humboldt Wells and their fertile 
oases in the neighborhood, and point of stage departure for 
northern mines. 

hh. Osino, western termination of the Humboldt Valley. 

ii. Elko, important station and thriving town of Nevada, 
with stage and wagon connections to White Pine, Wyoming, 
and other mining districts. 

jj. Carlin, another important station, and rival of Elko. 
G. E. S. 

kk. Argenta, with stage connections to Austin and Bel- 
mont, and distributing trade to Reese river and White 
Pine mining districts. 

Itk. Battle Mountain. G. E. S. 

11. Winnemucca, with railway shops and mining trade, 
and stage connection to Boise City, Paradise, Silver City, etc. 
Also, virtual commencement of the Great Nevada 8andy 
Desert. 

mm. Ilumbnldt, with bridge crossing of the Humboldt 
river, and Sink of the Humboldt vis^fble at the left. G. E. 8. 

nn. Wadsicorth, wesi ern terjnination of the Great Nevada 
Desert, and commencement of ascent of the Sierra Nevada 
Mountains. Also, with extensive workshops, and with Pyra- 
mid Lake at some twenty miles due northward. 

00. Reno, important station, on the Truckee river, and 
great mining centre of supplies and transportation, with 
railway connection to Carson City, Virginia City, Gold Hill, 
Washoe, etc. 

pp. Verdi, point of entering California. 

qq. Truckee, thriving town, with numerous saw mills 
and many characteristics of the early California towns. 
Point of detour from the railway, by stage to Lake Tdhoe, 
15 miles southward (see Division E), and to Lake Bonner, 
at a short distance northward. Has fine mountain scenery 
in the neighborhood, and thence westward up the Sierra, 
though with many interruptions from the snow-sheds. Not 
far westward from Truckee are caught noble views of Lake 
Donner, lying far below, to the right. 

rr. Sumrnit, highest point of the railway over the Sierra 
Nevada, almost always with much snow in the neighbor- 
hood, and surrounded by snow-sheds. G. E. S. 

88. Emigrant Oap, at and beyond which may be said to 
commence the grand scenery of the descent of the Sierras, 



ROUTE No. 'il.—FAB WESTERN. 376a 

of which the two most strking pomts are the Great A.meri- 
can Canon, and Cape Horn. 

tt. Gold Run, in Ihe neighborhood of which, from the 
road, may be surveyea many of tlie eflfects and some of the 
processes of hydraulic gold-mining in California. 

uu. Colfax, important station, and point at which ceases 
the very steep descent of the Sierras. G. E. S. 

vv. Sacramento, capital of California, lying on the Sa- 
cramento river, with a very handsome Capitol not yet fin- 
ished, a large amount of trade by river and otherwise, the 
Tolo Bridge over the river. Central Pacific Railway Works, 
and many attractions as a residence. [Steamboat commu- 
nication down the Sacramento river, by Amador, Benida, 
Vallejo, etc., supplying very pleasant transit to San Fkan- 
ciscc] G. E. S. 

WW. Stockton, large town of the San Joaquin Valley, at 
the head of navigation on the San Joaquin river, mining 
emporium, wheat-centre, and one of the points of departure 
for the Big Trees of Calaveras, the Yo Semite Valley, etc. 

XX. Lathrop, thriving town of San Joaquin Valley, point 
of junction of the Visalia Division of the C. P. R. R., and 
another of the favorite points of departure for the Yo 
Semite. G. E. S. 

yy. San Jose, pleasant and favorite town, south-east of 
San Francisco, and passed through, from Niles, when 
making the detour south of the Bay and reaching San Fran- 
cisco by rail without ferriage from Oakland. 

zz. Oakland, thriving town and favorite residence, cele- 
brated for its growth of live-oaks, and as being the site of 
the University of California. Terminus of the Central 
Pacific road, whence ferry to San Francisco. 



Division G. 

SAIS" FRANCISCO, WITH SHORT EXCURSIONS. 

San Francisco, called the " Metropolis of the 
Pacific," as well as the " G-olden City," lies on the 
western side Of the Bay of the same name, with 
entrance to the Pacific Ocean through the " Golden 
Gate." It is immense in trade and wealth, with 



2766 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

singularly varied and sometimes-trying climate, and 
a dashing enterprise unparalleled elsewhere. Cali- 
fornia, Montgomery, Clay, Bush, Washington, Kear- 
ney, Stockton and Dupont, are among the principal 
streets ; and Market street divides them between 
north and south, as in Philadelphia. Telegraph Hill, 
at the northern side, gives a splendid view of the 
city and harbor, and many of the distant mountains. 

Among leading Public Buildings are the U. S. 
Mint, Commercial street (new one building, at Mis- 
sion and Fifth streets) ; the Custom House (with 
Post Office) ; Merchants'' Exchange, California street; 
New City Hall (building, Yerba Buena Park) ; U. 
8. Marine Hospital, Mission street; Roman Cath. 
Orphan Asylum, Market street ; St. Ignatius Col- 
lege, Market street ; etc. Prominent Churches : 
Grace Church (Epis.) ; St. Mary's and St. Patricks 
Cathedrals (Cath.); Calvary Presbyterian ; First 
Methodist ; First Baptist ; Jewish Synagogue 
Emanuel; Mariners' Church, etc. Leading 
Theatres : the California, Metropolitan, Maguiris 
Opera ZToi^se, Alhambra. Chinese Theatres : Dupout 
street and Jackson street. Leading Hotels : the 
Occidental, Cosmopolitan, Grand, and LicTc House. 

Other Features of Interest will be found, Tlie 
Cfiinese, whose head-quarters in the Western World 
are at San Francisco, and in whose " quarter," "Joss 
House" or Temple, and Theatre, much experience 
may be gained ; Woodward^ s Gardens, with very fine 
collections in Natural History and a Hall for public 
amusements ; the City Water Works, etc. 



ROUTE No. 21.— FAB WESTERN. 276c 

ITear Excursions will include those to Lone Moun- 
tain Gemetery, with fine outlook, tombs of Broderick, 
Col. Baker, and others ; to the Cliff House and Seal 
Rock, with the Seals always crowning the latter 
(favorite drive or horse-cars, with stages connecting) ; 
to the Ocean House and Race Coarse, near the 
latter; to the Hunter's Point Dry Docks ; to the 
Mission Dolores (street car) ; to the Presidio, Fort 
Point, etc., (drive or street car) ; and many others, 
locally directed, for longer sojourners. There are 
also ferries to Oakland, San Antonio, Alameda, 
Contra Costa, San Quentin and Saucelito. 

[Connections from San Francisco. (Local hotel 
inquiry advisable, for particulars.) By rail to Sac- 
ramento, Marysville, Oroville, Shasta, (Shasta 
Butte-Mountain) Vrekaa-ndi other towns north; to 
Stockton, Sa7i Jose, Visalia, and other towns, and 
New Almaden Mines, south ; eastward to Salt Lake 
City, Omaha, and the East, by route just traversed. 
(Railway being laid, farther north, to Oregon City, 
Portland, Vancouver, etc.) By river-steamer to 
Sacramento. By sea-steamer on the Pacific, to 
Monterey, St. Luis, Santa Barbara, Acapulco, and 
othf r towns on the Pacific, southward ; with con- 
nection at Panama with the Panama Railway and 
steamers on the Atlantic from Aspinwall to New 
York. Also by sea-steamer north to Portland and 
other towns of Oregon. Also by sea-steamer to the 
Sandwich Islands, with connection thence to Aus- 
tralia. Also by Pacific mall steamers to Japan 



276«i 8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

and CniiffA, with connections to British India, 
the Peninsular and Oriental steamers and overland 
route to Egypt, Mediterranean and Europe.] 

Division D. 

DETOUR FROM OGDEN" TO SALT LAKE CITY. 

Leave Ogden by cars of the Utah Central Kailway, 
down the Great Salt Lake Valley, with the Wahsatch 
Mountains (a part of them always snow-crowned) 
rising boldly on the left and forming the eastern 
rim of the valley ; and the Great Salt Lake, with 
encircling mountains and bold islands, forming the 
western boundary. The valley is very fertile, though 
needing and receiving constant irrigation on account 
of deficient rain ; and the Mormon farms and home- 
steads line the eastern side of the valley, and nestle 
under the mountains the whole distance. Passing 
through the settlements of Kaysville, Farmington, 
Centreville, and Bountiful, at 36 miles from Ogden 
is reached 

Salt Lake City, lying at the southern extremity 
of the fertile portion of the Valley, with marshy 
ground extending for some miles southward from it 
and westward to the lake. It is well laid out, with 
broad and well-shaded streets, streams of water run- 
ning through many of them, though little that is 
complimentary can be said of the houses, a large 
proportion of them ill-built of adobe or wood. A 
full view of the noble Wahsatch Range is com- 



ROUTE No. 21.— FAR WESTERN. 276e 

manded from every portion of the town. Two 
wagon roads, leading southward and eastward to the 
mines ajid mountain settlements, enter the city at 
the eastward, through Emigrant and Parley Oafions. 
There is also stage connection from the City, for 
Provo, Fillmore, San Bernardino, and other towns ^ 
in Lower California, and for Stockton and Eush 
Valley in the West. Salt Lake City, from its com- 
mencement, the home of the Mormon religion and 
ascendancy, is now growing to be a great mining 
exchange, its character becoming Gentilized and 
revolutionized. 

Among the most notable buildings in the city are 
the Tabernacle, an immense, oval, round-roofed 
Btructure, with very large organ and wonderfully 
good acoustic properties, in which the denomi- 
national services of the Mormons are held ; the Old 
Tabernacle near the other, and much smaller, for use 
in winter ; the Bee Hive and Lion Houses of Brigham 
Young, standing near together, with the JEIagle Gate 
between them ; the City Hall, a very creditable 
structure ; the Theatre, one of the most commodious 
m the "West, and noted for the boxes devoted to 
President Brigham Young's extensive family ; the 
foundations of the Temple, near the Tabernacle ; 
some of the shops, with the " Z. 0. M. I." (Zion's 
Co-operative Mercantile Institution) on their signs, 
showing the Mormon proclivities of the dealers. The 
principal business street is Mam or Bast Temple 
street. Visits may profitably be paid to Camp 



276/ SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Douglas, the TJ. S. Military Station, three miles from 
the city, eastward, on a fine elevated plateau under 
the mountains ; to the Cemetery, north-east of the 
city, and remarkable for being without shade ; to 
the Tithing Store, where the denominational dues are 
paid ; to Ensign Peak, for fine views : to the Warm 
Springs, the Hot Springs, the Canyons, etc., near 
the City. Hotels: the Walker (new), Salt Lake and 
Townsend. 
Return to Ogden for pursuance of route westward. 

Division E. 

DETOUR TO LAKE TAHOE. 

For this halt is made at Truckee (see that point 
in Division B); and the lying over of one train, or 
one day, will allow of a hurried visit to it, though 
much more time should be consumed. 

From Truckee by stage fifteen miles, along the 
banks of the bright little Truckee river the whole 
distance, and over a very fair mountain road. An 
object of great interest is passed on the way, and 
should receive attention — the Talioe Fisheries, at 
which, in pools, fine trout of all sizes and ages may 
be seen, while in a building adjoining, the whole 
process of incubation is shown. 

Lake Tahoe (often called by Californians "Lake 
Bigler," and so ofiBcially named), is undoubtedly 
one of the most beautiful bodies of water in any land, 
as it is the highest-lying large lake in the world. It 
is thirty-two miles in length, by ten in breadth, and 



ROUTE NO, 21.— FAB WESTERN. 2'76g 

lies bosomed in the snow-clad Sierras, which inclose 
it on the east, south and west, noble pine forests 
forming the border. The water of the lake is won- 
drously clear and blue, so that, when in repose, fish 
and other objects can be readily discerned at a depth 
of thirty or forty feet. It is also very cold, but has 
the peculiarity of never freezing in winter — possibly 
on account of the depth, which has been found to be 
1,700 feet in the middle. 

There are two small but commodious steamboats 
on the lake, besides sail and row-boats ; and a vai^iety 
of excursions, in these, to Cornelian and Emerald 
Bays, and other points of interest, may be made ; or 
the whole lake may be ridden around by carriage, 
passing the same Bays, Lake Valley, Tahoe City, 
etc. Hotel: the TaJioe House. 

Return to Truckee, for pursuing route by rail. 

Lake Do7iner (much smaller than Tahoe, and seen 
from the rail) may also be reached from Truckee in 
a comparatively brief ride by carriage. 

Division F. 

TO THE BIG TREES AND YO-SEMITE VALLEY. 

For this double visit (the two great natural curi- 
osities lying in such directions that they should be 
taken in connection), several different routes offer 
themselves to the tourist. To the Yo-Semite, with- 
out the Calaveras Big Trees being always considered, 
three principal routes are in popular use, known as 



276A 8H0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the "Big Oak Flat," the " Coulterville" and the 
" Mariposa " routes. 

Big Oak Flat Route. 

The easiest route is considered to be the " Big Oak 
Flat," the upper or north route. For this, the point 
of departure is Stockton, and the Big Trees of Cala- 
veras lie very nearly on the way to the Valley. 

Leave Stockton by cars of the Copperopolis road, 
to Peters\ and (with chaiige) to Milton. At Milton 
take stages for Murpliy's (Hotel, at Murphy's Camp), 
reached the same night. Proceed next day, by stage, 
fifteen miles, to the 

Big Tree Grove of Calaveras, where the 
Sequoia gigantea may be seen in their matchless 
glory, largest of all the arboreal products of earth. 
In the Mammoth Grove proper, there are nearly 100 
trees, amid other trees that would be gigantic else- 
where ; the heights of those standing ranging from 
180 to 350 feet, circumference from 30 to 93 feet; 
estimated ages, from 1,400 to 2,500 years. Most of 
the largest are named after distinguished statesmen 
and generals. On the smoothed stump of one of the 
largest, now covered with a building, in front of the 
hotel, sixty persons have danced in a set ; and through 
the hollow remains of the fallen " Father of the 
Forest," believed to have measured 420 feet in height, 
tall men walk erect and short ones ride on horse- 
back. The largest still standing erect, the " Mother 
of the Forest," is dead and naked of its salable bark. 



ROUTE NO. 21.— FAB WESTEBN. 276t 

some portions of which measured 30 inches in thick- 
ness. (Hotel, at the Calaveras Grove, the Mammoth 
Orove House.) 

Six miles distant from the Mammoth G-rove 
(reached on horseback), is the South Orove^ of which 
some of the trees are alleged to be larger than any 
of the others, while the number reaches over 1,300. 

Return to Murphy's from the Big Trees, and pro- 
ceed thence, next morning, by stage, to Sonora, 
Chinese Camjj, Garote, Big Oak Flat, Hardin's and 
HodgdorCs, to Hutchings' (Hotel), in the Valley, two 
days being consumed in the transit from Murphy's, 
with only eighteen miles of saddle. This brings the 
now celebrated 

Yo-Semite Valley, on the Merced river, with 
scenery alleged to be more grand than any other on 
the globe, in many particulars. Special points of 
interest: El Capitan, gigantic separated rock; the 
Tliree Brothers, also rocks ; the Bridal- Veil Fall, 
940 feet ; the Royal Arches, rocks ; the Great- Yose- 
mite Fall, in three leaps of 1,600, 434, and 600 feet; 
the North and South Domes, rocks ; Mirror Lake ; 
and the stupendous but frightful view of the whole 
Valley, from Inspiration Point. (Depend upon 
guide, necessary and always in readiness, for route 
and particulars.) Hotels at the Valley: Hutchings\ 
Ly dig's, and BlacFs. Proceed to Clark's, and thence 
make detour, a few miles, to the 

7{iG Trees of Mariposa, with no less than 437 
of the monsters, varying from twenty to thirty-four 



27q? 8H0RT-TRIP GUIDE. 

feet in diameter, and from 275 to 325 feet in height 
— many of them estimated to be 1,500 to 2,500 years 
old. 

Return may be made from the Valley, by the same 
route by which it was entered, with the exception of 
not returning to Murphy's, on the way back to 
Stockton, and thus shortening the ride. But, un- 
less special reasons offer for such a course, a greater 
variety of scenery will be secured, by adopting the 
reverse of one of the other following routes ; or, if 
the visitor has entered the Valley by either of the 
following, the same advantages, with the glance at 
the Big Trees, will be secured by coming out by the 
reverse of the preceding. 

CouUerville Route. 

For this route, whether proceeding eastward or 
westward, the Central Pacific road is left at La- 
THKOP, cars being changed for Merced. Stage from 
Merced to CouUerville^ and to GoMrCs. Ranch^ at 
Crane's Flat. From Gobin's, saddle-train to Black'' s, 
in the Valley, with same features to be observed as 
those noted in the previous route, though some 
changes in the order of visiting them, from diflferent 
points of arrival. This route is considered to have 
especial beauty in scenery along the route, as much 
of it lies along the dividing ridge between the Tuo- 
lumne and Merced rivers, giving fine views of the 
Sierra Nevada, the Coast Range, San Joaquin Val- 
ley, etc. 



ROUTE NO. 21— FAB WESTERN. 376& 

Mariposa Route. 

This route, the southernmost, is identical with the 
Coulterville, in departure and detail, so far as Mer- 
ced^ by rail. Thence stage to SneUing's, Hornitos, 
Bear Valley, White and Hatches, and GlarTc and 
Moore^s. Thence into the Valley, by saddle, some 
thirty miles — the distance on horseback being great- 
er than by any of the other routes, but with the ad- 
vantages claimed of bringing both the Mariposa Big 
Trees and the stupendous view from Inspiration 
Point, into more convenient access. 

Two additional routes have lately been opened, 
known as the Mohelumne Hill and Hamilton's New. 
For the former, stage from Mohelumne Hill Station 
of the Central Pacific road, to the Calaveras Big 
Trees, and thence to the Yo-Semite Valley as by 
the Big Oak Flat route ; for the second, stage from 
the railroad station at Oalt, by lone City and Val- 
ley, Jackson, Mokelumne Hill and Railroad Flat, to 
the Big Trees ; and thence to the Yo-Semite as by 
the Big Oak Flat route. 

Division 0. 

EXCUKSIOIT TO THE GETSEE8 

Visit may be paid to the wonderful steam-springs, 
known as The Geysers, and considered as among 
the greatest of California curiosities — ^most conve- 
niently by the following route : 

Steamer from San Francisco (twice a day), or 
from Sacramento, to 



2761 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Vallejo, (prouounced " Val-lay-o"), [see "vv.," 
p. 276a], important town ou the Straits of Oarqui- 
nez, with Mare Island Navy Yard in the immediate 
neighborhood, and terminus of the California Paci- 
fic Railway. Thence rail on the Napa Valley Rail- 
way, by Napa City (stage to Sonoma), St. Helena 
(stage to White Sulphur Springs), and minor towns, 
to 

Calistoga (whence conveyance to Calistoga Springs^ 
Mount St. Helena, the Petrified Forest, etc.) From 
Calistoga, Foss' stages, daily, by Ray's Ranch, God- 
win's Peak (with fine and very extensive view over 
Russian River Valley, the Coast Range and distant 
Pacific), and the picturesque ridge of Hog's Back, 
to the 

Great Geyser Canon and Springs, exhibiting some 
of the most startling phenomena in nature, in the 
wildness of the scenery, and the heat, varied mineral 
impregnation, and terrific force of outburst, of. the 
various springs included. Among the most notable 
exhibitions are those of the "Witches' Cauldron," 
throwing up mingled pitch and ink, with clouds of 
steam ; the " Steamboat Geyser," throwing out steam 
of the most intense heat, with such force as to imi- 
tate the blowing oflFof the most powerful boiler; the 
"Scalding Steam Iron Bath;" the "Mountain of 
Fire," with hundreds of vomiting fissures ; the " Al- 
kali Lake," the " Boiling Black Sulphur Springs," 
and many others that can only be intelligently or 
even safely visited under capable guidance — the 



ROUTE NO. 21— FAE WESTERN. 276»> 

whole maintaining, and well deserving, the reputa- 
tion of being one of the most interesting and alto- 
gether the most diabolical, of the natural wonders of 
the continent. 

Division H. 

RETURKING EASTWARD PROM CALIFORinA. 

Overland return from California must necessarily 
be made, until the completion of the Northern Paci- 
fic road, and that of the California and Oregon road, 
running northward to meet it at Portland — by the 
same route pursued in going westward to the Paci- 
fic, over the Central and Union Pacific roads, at least 
so far as Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory ; and the 
return ride will be by no means monotonous or with- 
out use, so many of the points passed over needing 
at least a second observation to measure them prop- 
erly. 

At Cheyenne, however (see "n," p. 374), much 
additional variety may be secured by taking the 
Denver Pacific road to 

Denver, capital of Colorado, as well as its com- 
mercial centre, with much beauty in location, a 
U. S. Branch Mint, magnificent views of the great 
snow-capped Colorado mountains from the rail, the 
city and neighborhood, and numerous rail and stage 
connections with all the great mining-centres of the 
territory. Golden City, Central City, Boulder City, 
etc., and with New Mexico, Arizona, and the South- 
West. It is also from Denver that excursions may 



276n ISHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

best be arranged, to the famous Parks of Colorado, 
to the best points of view of Pike's, Long's, the 
Spanish Peaks, etc., among the grandest mountains 
of the central continent. 

From Denver the route eastward may be pursued, 
by the Kansas Pacific road, by Kit Carson, (Col.) 
Sheridan, Fort Hays, Brookville, Salina (on the 
Smoky Hill Fork of the Kansas), Junction City 
(connection with the Missouri, Kansas and Texas 
railway, southward), Manhattan, and other more-or- 
less important towns of Kansas — to Topeka, capital 
of that State, and Laiurence, seat of the State Uni- 
versity, directly eastward, or by St. Joseph ("St 
Joe ") important town of Missouri, and old starting- 
point of the overland emigration — to St. Louis, for 
pursuance of any route eastward, northward or 
southward (see Eoute No. 14, p. 323.) 

[Of course, for the California-bound traveller 
finding himself previously at St. Louis, and desiring 
to traverse both routes, the course of this Division 
will be reversed so far as Cheyenne, and the route 
thence eastward to Omaha and Chicago, be taken on 
tne return.] 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLAGES. 
[towns and othek places not indexed ok mentioned 

IN ANY of the KOUTBS, OK "WITH OPTIONAL 
KOUTE HERE INDICATED.] 

Adrian (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 

Afton (N. Y.) on Albany and Susquehanna road, from 
Albany or Binghamton. 

AUentown (N. J.) from Trenton or Bordentown. 

Amenta (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York, 

Amherst (Mass.) from New London by New London North- 
ern road. 

Ansonia (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 

Antietam [Battle Field] (Md.) from Harrisburg to Hagers- 
towr ; or from Harper's Ferry. 

Appleton (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie. 

Ashley Falls (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Aspinwall (Isthmus, for California) from New York by 
Pacific Mail Steamers, 1st and 15th of every month. 

Asliburnhmn (Mass.) from Fitchburg. 

Atchison (Kansas,) by rail from Kansas city, (see this list.) 

Aurora (N. Y.) on Cayuga Lake, (see this list.) 

Avon (N. Y.) by rail from Rochester or Batavia. 

Bainbridge (N. Y.) on Albany and Susquehanna road, from 
Albany or Binghamton, 

Bath (Me.) by rail from Portland. 

Bath (N. H.) from Wells River. 

Bath (N. Y.) on Buffalo Division of Erie road, from Batavia 
or Corning. 

Baton Bouge (La.) by steamer from New Orleans. 

Beaufort (8. C.) from Charleston. 

Bdfast (Me.) by rail from Waterville, (see this list.) 



878 SHORT-TRIP OUTDE. 

Bennington (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls ; or from Chat 
ham Four Corners, (see this list.) 

Benicia (Cal.) by boat from San Francisco. 

Bethel (Me.) by rail from Portland or Gorham. 

Betliel (Vt.) from White River Junction or Burli^^gton. 

Bethlehem (N. H.) from Littleton. 

Beverly (Mass ) by rail from Salem. 

Bolton [and Falls] (Vt.) from Ridley's Station, (see this list.) 

Booneville (Mo.) by rail from Jefierson City, (see this list); or 
from St. Louis, by boat. 

Booneville (N. Y.) from Utica. 

Boiadoin College (Me.) at Brunswick, (see this list.) 

Bradford (Vt.) by rail from Wells River or WTiite Rirer 
Junction. 

Brandon (Vt ) by rail from Rutland or Burlington. 

Brainiree (Mass.) from Boston by South Shore road. 

Bridgewatcr (Mass.) from Boston by Old Colony road. 

Bristol (Ct.) by rail from Waterbury, (see this list), or Provi- 
dence. 

Bristol (N. H.) from Concord by N. New Hampshire road. 

Bristol (R. I.) by rail from Providence. 

Brookfield, (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Brunswick (Me.) by fail from Portland. 

Canaan (Ot.) from Briigeport by Housatonic road. 

Cairo (N. Y.) by stage from Catskill. 

CameVs Hump [Mountain] (Vt.) by carriage from Ridley's 
Station, (see this list.) 

Canton (Mass.) by rail from Providence or Boston. 

Carlisle (Pa ) by rail from Harrisburg. 

CaseyviUe (HI.) by rail from St. Louis. 

Castine (Me.) by boat from Belfast, (see this list.) 

Carbondcde (111.) by rail from Cairo. 

Centralia (111.) by rail from Cairo or Chicago. 

Ohateaugay Woods (N. Y.) from Rouse's Point, OT from 
Plattsburg. 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLAGES. 279 

VhatJiam (N. J.) by Morris and Essex road from New York. 
Chatham (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York, or Boston 

and Albany road from Boston. 
Charlemont (Mass.) from North Adams. 
Charleston (S. C.) from New York by steamers twice a week 

or oftener. 
Cheat River (W. Va.) by rail from Wheeling ; or from Harp- 
er's Ferry. 
Cheshire (Ct.) from New Haven by Northampton road. 
Chester (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 
Chicopee (Mass.) by rail from Springfield. 
Chilicothe (O.) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Cirdeville (O.) by rail from Cincinnati or Zanesvllle. 
Clarendon {SpriTigsl (Vt.) by stage from Rutland. 
Clarksburg (W. Va.) by rail from Harper's Ferry; or from 

Wheeling by Grafton. 
Clifton Springs (N. Y.) on Aubm-n Branch of New York 

Central road, from Syracuse or Rochester. 
Coatesville (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Pennsylvania Central 

road; 
Gollinsmlle (Ct.) from New Haven by Northampton road. 
Cooperstown (N. Y.) by Susquehanna road from Albany. 
Crawfordsville (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 
Oroolced Lake (N. Y.) from Penn Yan, (see this list.) 
Croton Falls (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York. 
Dalles of St. Louis River (Minn.) by rail from St. Paul or Du- 

luth. 
Banbury (Ct.) from Norwalk. 

Danielsonmlle (Ct.) by rail from New London or Worcester. 
Deal (N. J.) from Long Branch. 
Beerjield [and South'] (Mass ) by rail from Northampton, (see 

this list.) 
Delaware (O.) by rail from Columbus. 
Derby (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Naugatuck road. 
Dexter (Me.) by rail from Bangor. 



280 BHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

D<ner Plains (N. T.) Harlem railroad from New York. 

Downington (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Pennsylvania Cen- 
tral road. 

Easfhampton (Mass.) from New Haren by Williamabtirg 
road. 

Eastpori (Me.) by steamer from Boston and from St. John's 
KB. 

Eatontown (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 
York ; or from Long Branch. 

Effingham (lad.) by rail from Terre Haute or St. Louis. 

Englewood (N. J.) from New York by Northern New Jersey 
road. 

Essex Junction (Vt.) from Burlington. 

Falls Village (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Fa/rmingdale (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road (boat and 
rail) from New York. 

Fitchhurg (Mass.) by raU from Boston. 

Fitzwilliam (N. H.) by rail from Fitchburg, Mass. 

Flint (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 

Florence (Mass.) from New Haven by Williamsburg road. 

Foushing (L I.) from New York by 34th street ferry and 
Flushing railroad. 

Fond du Lac (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie or Duluth. 

Fort William (Canada), by boat from Duluth. 

Foxborough (Mass.) by rail from Providence or Boston, 

Franklin (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 

Franklin (N. H.) from Concord by Northern New Hamp- 
shire road. 

Freehold (N. J.) from New York by Camden and Amboy or 
New Jersey roads, by Jamesburg ; or from Long Branch, 

Galveston (Texas), by steamer from New Orleans. 

Gardiner (Me.) by rail from Portland. 

Gettysburg (Pa.) by rail from Harrisburg, by York. 

Olassboro (N. J.) by rail from Camden. 

Gloucester (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 



OFF-EOUTE AND MINOR PLAGES. 281 

Orafton (N. H.) from Concord by N. New Hampshire road. 
Gfreat Barrington (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic 

road. 
Oreensburg (Pa.) from the Pennsylvania Central road at 

Blairsville. 
Greenfield (Mass.) from New Haven, by Northampton. 
Oreenport (Long Island), from New York by Long Island 

road. 
Oreenwich (Ct.) from New York by New Haven road. 
Hackensack (N. J.) by Erie road from New York. 
Hadley (Mass.) from Northampton, (see this list.) 
Hagerstown (Md.) by rail from Baltimore, or Harrisburg bj 

Chambersburg. 
Hamilton (O.) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Hammondsport (N. Y.) on Crooked Lake, (see this list.) 
Hannibal (Mo.) by rail from Springfield, 111. ; or by rivei 

from St. Louis. 
Haruyoer (N. H.) from White River Junction. 
Havana (Cuba) from New York by Atlantic Mail Steam- 
ers, every Thursday ; and by Vera Cruz Steamers, every 

10 days. 
Haydenville, (Mass.) from New Haven by Williamsburg road. 
Highgate Springs (Vt. ) from Rouse's Point. 
Hingham (Mass.) from Boston by South Shore road. 
HimdaU (Vt.) opposite Brattleboro. 
Holmdel (N. J.) by steamboat from New York to Keyport 

(see this list,) thence by stage. 
Holyoke (Mass.) by rail from Springfield. 
Horiesdale (Pa.) by rail from Lackawaxen, on Erie Road. 
Hoosao Tunnel (Mass.) from North Adams. 
Housatonic (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 
Houston (Texas) by rail from Galveston (see this list.) 
Howe^s and Ball's Caves (N. Y.) from Schoharie (see this list) 
Ipswich (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 
Isle Boyal (Mich.) by boat from Duluth 



383 8H0RT-TBIP GUIDE. 

Ithaca (N. Y.) on Cayuga Lake (see this list.) 

Jacksonville (Florida) from Savannah. 

Jacksonville (111.) by rail from Springfield. 

Jamaica (Long Island) from New York by Long Island road 

Jefferson City (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis. 

Jonesboro (111.) by rail from Cairo. 

Kane (Pa.) from Ridgeway or Irvineton, on Philadelphia and 
Erie road. 

Kansas City, (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis, or from Omaha. 

Kearsarge Mountain (N. H.) from Concord by Northern 
New Hampshire road. 

Keem (N. H-) by rail from Fitchburg or Bellows Falls. 

Kenoska (Wis-) by rail from Chicago. 

Kent (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Keyport (N. J.) by steamboat from New York. 

KilUngton Peak (Vt.) from Rutland. 

Knightstown (Ind.) by rail from Dayton (0.) or Indianapolis. 

Lafayette (Ind.) by rail from Logansport. 

Lake Danmore (Vt.) by stage from Brandon (see this list.) 

Lake Luzerne (N. Y.) from Saratoga. 

Lake Pleasant (N. Y.) from Amsterdam, New York Centra) 
road. 

Lake Temisconata (Canada) from Riviere du Loup by Grand 
Portage road. 

Lake JJmbagog (Me.) from Gorham, N. H. 

LambertviUe (N. J.) from Trenton by Belvider* Delaware 
road. 

Lancaster (O.) by rail from Columbus or Zanesville. 

Laurence, (Kansas) from Kansas City (see this list). 

Lawrenceburg (Ind.) by raU from Cincinnati. 

Leavenworth (Kansas), by rail from Kansas City (see this list.) 

Lef'anon (N. H.) from White River Junction. 

Lee (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Lehigh Wat&r-Oap and Lehighton (Pa.) from Easton by Le- 
high Valley road. 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLAGES. 288 

Ltnox (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road ; or from 
Albany by Boston and Albany road to Pittsfield. 

Lexington (Mo.) by rail from Sedalia and Jefierson City (see 
this list). 

Litchfield, (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Naugatuck road. 

Little Rock (Ark.) by rail from Memphis, Tenn. 

Logan (O.) by rail from Columbus. 

London (O.) by rail from Springfield. 

Long Branch (N. J.) route opening, and, to all other places in 
near connection, by " All Rail Route," from Railway on 
the New Jersey road. 

Ludlow (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 

Mackinaw (Mich.) from Detroit, by boat. 

Manchester (Ct ) by rail from Hartford. 

Manchester (N. J. ) by New Jersey Southern road from New 
York. 

Manchester (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 

Mansfield (Ct.) by rail from Hartford or Providence. 

MarUehead (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 

Marietta (O ) by rail from Wheeling. 

Martha^ s Vineyard (Mass.) by steamer from New Bedford. 

Martinsburg (W. Va.) by rail from Harper's Ferry. 

Martmsmlle (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 

Massena Springs (Canada), from Louisville, on the St. Law- 
rence, near Prescott. 

Matawan (N. J.) by steamboat from New York to Keyport 
(see this list), thence by stage. 

Mauch Chunk (Pa.) fro n Easton by Lehigh Valley road. 

MaysviUe (Ky.) by rail, or the Ohio river from Cincinnati. 

Meadville (Pa.) from Corry, Oil-Regions. 

Medford (Mass.) from Boston by Lowell road. 

Middleboro (Mass.) from Boston by Old Colony road. 

Middleburg (Vt.) by rail from Burlington. 

Middletown (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road (boat and 
rail) from New York. 



384 8H0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Mtddletovyn (Pa.) from Harrisburg. 

MUford (Ct.) from New York by New Haven road. 

Milford (O.) by rail from Columbus. 

Minnesota Lakes (Minn.) from St. Paul. 

Missisquoi Springs (Vt.) from St. Albans, by stage. 

Mitchell (Ind.) by rail from Louisville. 

Mound City [and Mounds'] (111.) by rail from Cairo. 

Monroe (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 

Montpelier (Vt.] from Burlington. 

Mount Desert [and Rock and Island] (Me.) by steamer from 

Boston, Portland or Bangor. 
Mount Diablo (Cal.) from San Francisco, by San Francisco 

and Oregon Railway, and connections. 
Mount Holly (N. J.) by rail from Camden or Burlington. 
Mount Holyoke (Mass.) from Northampton, (see this list.) 
Mount Katahdin (Me.) by stage from Bangor ; or partially by 

rail from same place. 
Mount Mansfield (Vt.) by carriage from Waterbury, (see this 

list.) 
Mount Tom (Mass.) from Northampton, (see this list.) 
Mount Vernon (N. Y.) from New York by New Haven 

road. 
Mount Vernon (O ) by rail from Newark. 
Nantucket (Mass.) by steamer from New Bedford. 
Narragansett Pivr (R. I.) from Kingston, on Stonington and 

Providence road. 
Nassau (New Providence) from New York, by Atlantic Mail 

steamers, irregularly. 
New Britain (Ct.) by rail trom Waterbury (see this list) or 

Providence. 
Newburg (O.) by rail from Cleveland. 
Newburg (Vt.) by rail from Wells River. 
New Egypt (N. J.) by rail from Hightstown, Mt Holly or 

Burlington. 
New Milford (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 



OFF-ROUTE ANB MINOR PLAGES. 385 

New Monmouth (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road (boat 

and rail) from New York. 
New Orleans (La.) from New York by steamers, every Satur 

day or (jitener. 
Neio PhUadelpMa (O.) by rail from Pittsburg. 
New Rochette (N. Y.) from New York by New Haven road- 
Newtown, (L. I.) from New York by 34th street ferry and 

Flushing railroad. 
Norfolk (Vii.) from New York by steamer, every Saturday oi 

oftener. 
Normal (111.) by rail from Chicago. 
NortJi Adams QH^ss.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road, 

or from Boston, Albany or Troy by Troy and Boston 

roaa. 
N<yrth Derby (Vt.) from Lenoxville, Canada, by Massiwippi 

road. 
Northampton, (Mass.) by rail from New Haven. 
NorthfieU (Mass.) from New London by New London Northern 

road. 
Noi'thfield (Vt.) from Burlington. 
Northumberland (Pa.) from Harrisburg by Northern Central 

road. 
Norwich (Vt.) by rail from White River Junction. 
Oceanport (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 

York ; or from Long Branch. 
Oshkosh (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie. 
Otsego Lake (N. Y.) by Susquehanna road from Albany. 
Otter Creek Falls (Vt.) from Vergennes (see this list.) 
Oxford (Me.) by rail from Portland. 
Oxford (O.) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Owasco Lake (N- Y.) from Auburn (see this list.) 
Parkesburg (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Penn. Central road. 
Parkersburg, (W. Va.) by rail from Wheelmg, or from Colum- 
bus, O. 
Passumpsic (Vt.) by rail from Wells River. 
PJuznixviUe (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Reading road. 



986 SHORT-TRIP QUIDS. 

Patchogue (Long Island) from New York by South Side road 
Pemberton (N. J.) by rail from flightstown, or from Camden, 

Burlington, or Long Branch. 
Penn Tan (N. Y-) by Northern Central road, from Elmira. 
Perth Amboy, (N. J.) from Rahway, by rail. 
Peru (Ind.) by rail from Logansport. 
PMsfield (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road, or from 

Albany or Boston by Boston and Albany road. 
Piedmont (W- Va.) by Bait, and Ohio road from Harper's 

Ferry. 
Pittsford (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 
Piqua (O.) by rail from Columbus. 
Plainville (Ct.) from New Haven by Northampton road. 
Pontiac (111.) by rail from Chicago. 
Pontiac (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 
Port Huron (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 
Port Kent (N. Y.) by boat on Lake Champlain, going to or 

from Burlington, Vt. 
PottmUe (Pa.) from Reading. 
Poultney (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 
Putney (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 
Quiney (Mass.) from Boston by Old Colony road. 
Racguette Regions (N. Y.) in connection with AdirondackB 

froro Crown Point. 
Ravenna (O.) by rail from Cleveland. 
Beadville (Mass.) by rail from Providence or Boston. 
Red Bank (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road (boat aad 

rail) from New York. 
Bicezdlle (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 

York. 
Richfield Springs (N. Y.) from Sharon Springs ; or from Utica 

or Binghamton by the Utica, Chenango and Susquehan- 
na road. 
Richmond (Ind.) by rail from Xenia or Indianapolis. 
RidUy't Station (Vt.) from Essex Junction, (see this list.) 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOB PLACES. 287 

Richmond (Va.) from New York by steamer every Saturday 
or oftenor. 

Bio Janiero (Brazil) from New York by United States and 
Brazil steamers, 23rd of every month. 

Bockmlle (Ct.) by rail from Hartford. 

Roekdlle (Ind.) by rail from Terre Haute. 

Boyalton [and ^mth] (Vt.) from White River Junction. 

SackeWs Earb&r (N. Y.) by rail from Rome, on New York 
Central road. 

Saginaw (Mich.) [and Eas^ by rail from Detroit. 

Salem (Ind ) by rail from Louisville. 

Salem (N. J ) by rail from Camden. 

Salem (N. Y.) by Troy and Boston road, from Troy. 

Salisbury (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Salisbury \_East and Beacli\ (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 

San Francisco (Cal.) from New York by Pacific Mail steam- 
ers, 1st and 15th of every month. 

San Bafael and San Quentin (Cal.) by boat from San Fran- 
cisco, and horse. 

Sault Ste. Marie (Mich.) [Rapids nnd Canal], by boat from De- 
troit. 

Savannah (Ga.) from New York- by steamer several times a 
week. [Connection for Florida cities.'] 

Schoharie (N. Y.) on Albany and Susquehanna road, from 
Albany or Binghamton. 

Schuylkill Haven (Pa.) from Reading. 

Scotch Plains (N. J.) by New Jersey Central road from New 
York. 

Seabrook (N. H.) from Boston or Portsmouth. 

Sedalia (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis. 

Seneca Lake (N. Y.) on Auburn Branch of New York Cen 
tral road, from Syracuse or Rochester. 

Seymour (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 

Sha/rk Rivir (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 
York. 



388 SHORT-TRIP OUIDE. 

Sha/ron (Vt.) from White River Junction. 

Sheboygan (Wis.) by rail from MilwauMe. 

Shelbume N. H. from Gorham. 

Shelburne Falls (Mass.) from North Adams. 

Shelby ville (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 

Sheffield (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic r'>ad. 

Sheffield (Pa.) from Ridgeway or Irvineton, on Philadelphia 

and Erie road. 
Shrewsbury (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 

York. 
Skeneateles (N. Y.) on Auburn Branch of New York Central 

road, from Syracuse or Rochester 
Sorel (Canada), by steamer from Quebec. 
South Hadley (Mass.) by rail from Springfield, 
South Paris (Me.) by rail from Portland. 
Squan [Bea^h] (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from 

New York to Shark River, thence stage. 
Squankum (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 

York. 
Stafford (Ct.) by rail from Hartford or Providence. 
Stanstead (Canada), Irom Newport, Lake Memphremagog, or 

from Lennoxville. 
St. Augustine (Florida), from Savannah, Ga. 
St. Gha/rles (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis. 
Sterling (Ct.) by rail from Hartford. 
Stillwater (Minn.) from St. Paul. 
St. John Falls (Canada), from Riviere du Loup or from 

Cacouna. 
St. Jthnsburg (Vt.) by rail from Wells River. 
Stoekbridge [and West] (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housa- 
tonic 1 oad. 
Strafford (Ct.) from New York by New Haven road. 
S'. Thomas (W. I ) from New York by Brazil steamers, 23d 

of every month. 
Sunbury (Pa.) from Harrisburg by Northern Central road. 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLAGES. 289 

Superior City (Wis.) by boat from Detroit or Chicago. 
Sutherland Falls (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 
Terryville (Ct.) by rail from Waterbury (see this list) or Pro- 
vidence. 
Thetford (Vt.) by rail from White River Junction, 
Thompson (Ct.) by rail from New London or Worcester. 
Thunder Bay (Lake Superior) by boat from Duluth. 
Ti'ffin (0.) by rail from Sandusky. 
Tolland (Ct.) by rail from Hartford or Providence. 
Tom^a Riwr (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road f^m Nen 

York. 
Topeka (Kansas) from Kansas city (see this list.). 
Troy (0.) by rail from Dayton. 
Urhana (O.) by rail from Columbus. 
Valley Forge (Pa.) from Philadelphia, or from Reading. 
Yandalia (Ind.) by rail from St. Louis. , 

Van Deutenmlle (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonie 

road. 
Vera Gruz (Mexico), from New Fork by Mexican mail steamr 

ers, every 10 days. 
Vergennes (Vt.) by rail from Burlington. 
Vichsburg (Miss.) by river from New Orleans ; or rail from 

Jackson. 
Waliham (Mass.) from Boston by Fitchburg road. 
Warren (O.) by rail from Cleveland. 
Warren (R. I.) by rail from Providence. 
Wa/rren (Pa.) from Ridgeway or Irvineton, on Philadelphia 

and Erie road. 
Waterbury (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 
Waiertown (Mass.) from Boston by Fitchburg road. 
Watermlle (Ct.) by rail from Waterbury, (see this list,) or 

Providence. 
Watermlle (Me.) by rail from Portland by Augusta. 
Watkins Olen (N. T.) from Elmira, Erie road. 
Waukegan (111.) by rail from Chicago. 



290 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

Waukesha (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukee. 

WellmUe (O ) by Ohio river from Pittsburg. 

West Burke (Vt ) by rail from Wells River. 

Westjield (Mass.) from New Haven cy Williamsburg road. 

Westminster (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 

West Bandolph (Vt.) from White River Junction or Burling 

ton. 
Weymouth (Mass.) from Boston by South Shore road. 
White Plains (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York. 
Wilkesbarre (Pa.) from Eastou by Lehigh Valley. 
Williamsburg (Mass.) from New Haven by W. road. 
WiUiam^town (Mass.) from Albany, Troy or Boston, by Troy 

and Boston road. 
Williston (Vt.) from Essex Junction. 
WUloughby Lake (Vt.) from West Burke, (see this list.) 
Wilmington (O.) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Winstead (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 
Woburn [East] (Mass.) from Boston by Lowell road, 
Wolcotville (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 
Woodbury (N. J.) by rail from Camden. 
Woodstock (Vt.) from White River Junction. 
Woodbridge (N. J.) from Rahway, by rail. 
Woonsocket (R. I.) by rail from Providence or Worcester. 
Wyandotte (Kansas,) opp. Kansas city (see this list). 
Wyandotte (Mich.) from Detroit. 
Wyoming (Minn.) by rail from St. Paul. 
Wyoming Valley (Pa.) from Scranton, by the Lackawanna 

and Bloomsburg road. 
Yankton (Dacotah), by the Missouri river from Sioux city. 
Yellow Springs (O.) by rail from Xenia or Cincinnati. 
York (Pa.) by rail from Harrisburg. 



INDEX 



[rijACBS AND KOUTES. FOR PLACES THEMSELVES, SEE PIGUBE8 IN HKAVT 
TYPE ; FOR PLACES NOT FOUND IN THIS INDEX, SEE " OFF- 
ROUTE AND MINOR PLACES," PRECEDIfiG.] 



Acapnlco, Mex., 273. 
Adirondack Mountains, 97, 100. 
Adrian, Mich., 227, 235. 
Akron, Ohio, 210. 
Alameda (and Warm Springs), 

Oal., 271, 273. 
Albany, N. Y., 70. 
Albion, Mich., 235. 
Albion, N. Y., 77. 
Alexandria, Vs., 183, 185, 195. 
Alkali, Neb., 269. 
Allegheny City, Pa., 200. 
Allegheny Mountains, 199. 
Allegheny Springs, Va., 195. 
AUentown, Pa., 208. 
Alliance, 0., 210. 
Altoona, Pa., 199. 
Alton Bay, N. H , 125, 129. 
Alton, 111., 224, 239, 261, 263. 
Alton, N. H., 129. 
Amador, Cal., 274. 
Amherst, Mass., 139. 
Ammonoosuc Falls, N. H., 134. 
Anchorage, Ky., 217. 
Andover, North, Mass, 124. 
Annapolis Junction, Md., 171. 
Annapolis, Md., 168, 171. 
Ann Arbor, Mich., 235. 
Appomattox, Va., 195. 
Aquia Creek, Va., 183, 185. 
Argenta, Nev., 272. 
Arlington House, Va., 182. 
Arnprior, Can., 243. 
Arthabasca (Junction), Can., 128, 

251. 
Ashland, Iowa, 263. 
Ashland, Ky., 217. 
Aspen, Utah, 271. 
Aspinwall, Cent. Amer., 8?3. 
Athens, N. Y., 70. 



Athens, O., 203. 
Atlanta, Ga., 191. 
Atlantic, Iowa, 264. 
Atlantic City, N. J., 150, 160. 
Attleboro, Mass., 110. 
Auburn, Cal., 273. 
Auburn, N. Y., 76. 
Augusta, Ga., 191. 
Augusta, Me., 127. 
Au Sable River, N. Y., 100. 
Austin, Iowa, 238, 261, 262. 
Austin, Nev., 269. 
Australia (to), 273. 



Ballston Spa, N. Y., 91. 

Baltimore, Md., 164. 198, 201-s» 
Fort McHenry, 165 — Monu- 
ments, 165 — Streets, 165— 
Public Buildings, 166— Churches 
166— Lit. Inst., 166— Theatres, 
167— Hotels, 167— Cemeteries, 
167— Excursions, 168 — Longer 
Excursions, 168, 169, 170. 

Bangor, Me., 127. 

Barrytown, N. Y., 68. 

Batavia, N. Y., 77. 

Bathurst, N. B., 260. 

Battle Creek, Mich., 235. 

Battle Mountain, Nev., 272. 
.Bay City, Mich., 240. 

Beauport, Can., 253. 

Beaverton, Can., 242. 

Becancour, Can., 128. 

Bedford Springs, Pa., 199. 

Bel-Air, Md , 168. 

Belle Air, O., 202. 

Belleville, Can., 243. 

Bellows Falls, Vt., 140. 

Belmont, Mo., 220. 

Belmont, Nev., 269. 



292 



INDEX. 



Beloit, Wis., 238. 

Berkeley Springs, Vfl., 189a. 

Bergen Tunnel, N. J., 83. 

Berlin, Can., 232, 242. 

Bethlehem, N. H., 134. 

Bethlehem, Pa., 208. 

Beverley, N. J., 150. 

Biddeiorrt, Me., 125. 

Big Oak Flat Route, Cal., Tim. 

Big Trees of Calaveras, Cal., 276a, 
276A. 

Big Trees of Mariposa, Cal., 276*. 

Big Tunnel, Va., 195. 

Binghamton, N. Y., 76, 87. 

Bird's Point, Mo., 221. 

Birmingham, Pa., 200. 

Bismarck, Mo., 221. 

Bitter Creek, Wyo„ 271. 

Black River, Can., 12S. 

Bladensbui-g, Md., 171. 

Blairsville, Pa., 200. 

Bloody Pond, N. Y., 95. 

Bloomington, 111., 224, 261, 262, 
263. 

Bloomsbury, N. J., 207. 

Boca, Cal., 273. 

Boise City, Idaho, 268, 269. 

Bonsack's, Va., 195. 

Boone, Iowa, 262. 

Boonton, N. J., 228. 

Bordentown, N. J., 148, 150, 
160. 

BOSTON, 107, 110, 115, 251— 
Streets, 117— Public Grounds, 
117 — Antiquities, 117 — Public 
Buildings, 118— Monuments, 119 
—Churches, 119— Libraries and 
Lit. Inst., 119— Theatres, 120— 
Hotels, 120— Excursions, 120— 
Harvard University, 120— Waeh- 
ington Head Quarters, 121— 
Mount Auburn Cemetery, 121— 
Longer Excursions, 121, 122. 

Bothwell, Can., 232. 

Bound Brook, N. J., 206. 

Bowling Green, Ky., 219. 

Bowmanville, Can , 242. 

Bradford, Mass., 124. 

Branch Intersection, Pa., 198. 

Branchville, S. C, 191. 

Brandywine Greek, Pa., 162. 

Brattleboro, Vt , 140. 

Breckenridge, Minn., 239. 

Bridgeport. Ct., 103. 

Bridgeton, N. J., 150, 159. 

Brighton, Cal., 274. 

Brighton, Mass., 107. 



Bristol, Pa., 148. 
Bristol, Tenn., 195. 

Brockport, N. Y., 77 

BrockviUe, Can., 24b. 

Brooklyn (connection with New 
York)— Streets, 47 — Churches, 
60— Public Buildings, 61— Hotels 
63— Theatres, 54— Churches for 
Service, 54— Public Grounds; 66, 
57— Prospect Park, 57— Green- 
wood Cemetery, 57— Excursions 
57, 5S— Navy Yard, 58 

Brown's, Can., 246. 

Brown University, 109, 

Bryan, Wye, 271. 

Buckingham, Can., 246. 

Bucyrus, O. , 210. 

Budd'8 Lake, N. J., 60, 228. 

Buffalo, N. Y., 89, 232, 234, 
240. 

Buford, Wyo..270. 

Bull Run (Battle-field). Va., 183. 

Bul&trode, Can., 128, 251. 

Bureau, lU., 263. 

Burkevilie (Junction), Va., 196. 

Burliagton, Iowa, 215, 238, 239, 
261, 263,264. 

Burlington, N. J., 150, 160. 

Burlington, Vt., 100, 101, 140. 

Bush Kiver Bridge, Md., 164 

€, 

Cacouna, Can., 255. 
Cairo, 111., 194, 205, 216, 2*0. 
Caldwell, N. Y.. 95. 
Caledonia, N, Y., 77. 
Caledonia Springs, Can., 246. 
California Junction, Iowa, 264, 286. 
CalUcoon, N. Y.,86. 
Calistoga (Springs). Cal.. 276Z. 
Camden. N. J., 148, 1 60, 159. 
Camel's Hump Mountain, Vt., 100. 
Canaudaigua, N. Y.. 77. 
Canton, 0., 210. 
Cape Cod, Mass., 122. 
Cape Elizabeth, Me., 125. 
Cape Ma7, N. J., 150. 160. 
Cape Rouge, Can., 253. 
Cape Vincent, N. Y., 243. 
Carbon, Wvo., 266. 
Cari.ondale, Pa., 270. 
Carillon, Cm., 246. 
Carleton Place, Can., 243, 24ft. 
Carlin. Nev.. 272. 
Carlisle, Pa . 198. 
Carson, Nev., 26». 



INDEX. 



293 



Carter, Utah, 271. 
Cascade Bridge, N. Y., 87. 
Casey, Iowa, 264. 
Castie Rock, Utah, 271. 
Castletoa, N. Y., 70. 
Castleton, Vt., 101. 
Catawissa, Pa., 209. 
Catskill Landing, N. Y., 68. 
Catskill Mountain House, 69. 
Cavo City, Ky., 218. 
Cayuga, N. Y., 77. 
Cedar Rapids, Iowa, 215, 238, 261 , 

263. 
Central City, Col., 266. 
Centre Harbor, N. H., 102, 130, 

138. 
Chambersburg. Pa., 183, 198. 
Champaign, 111., 224. 
Charles City, Iowa, 238. 
Charleston, Mo., 221. 
Chakleston, S. C, 18S. 189. 
Uhanestowu, Va., 189&. 
Charlotte Town, P. E. I., 259. 
Charlottesville, Va., 183, 195. 
Chatham, Can., 232. 
Chattanoojav Tenn., 191, 196. 
Chaudiere, Junction, Can., 128, 

254, 255, 256. 
Chaudiere Falls, Can., 244, 253. 
Chelsea, Mass., 122. 
Chenoa, lU., 224. 
Cherry VaUey, N. Y., 74. 
Chester, N. J., 228. 
Chester, Pa., 162. 
Chester, Va., 186. 
Cheyenne, Wyo., 270, 274. 
Chicago, 111., 201, 205, 212, 220, 

223, 225, 227, 234, 236, 238, 239. 
Chicamauga, Tenn., 196. 
China (to), 273. 
Chinese Camp, Cal., 274. 
Cincinnati, 0., 201, 202, 204, 

205, 210, 216, 221, 223, 227. 
Claremont, Vt., 140. 
Clearfield, Pa., 199. 
Cleveland, 0., 201, 202, 203, 206, 

210, 216, 226, 240. 
Clinton, Iowa, 261. 
Clyde, N. Y., 77. 
Clyde, 0., 227. 
Coal Regions of Pennsylvania, 

207, 2»8, 229. 
Coatesvllle, Pa., 197. 
Coburg, Can., 242. 
Cohoes Falls, N. Y, 71. 
Colborne, Can., 243. 
Cold Spring, N. Y., 66. 



Colfax, Cal., 273. 
Collins' Bay, Can., 243. 
Colmar, Iowa, 238. 
Coloma, Cal., 270. 
Columbia, Ind., 2li. 
Columbia, Pa., 198. 
Columbia, S. c, 18S, 191. 
Columbia Sprinfrs ( route to), 70; 
Columbus, Ky., 220. 
Columbus, 0., 202, 210, 227. 
Columbu<», Neb., 269. 
Communipa^', N. J., 206. 
Como, Cau., 247. 
Coney Island, N. Y., 58. 
Concord, Mass., 123, 136. 
CONCORD, N. H., 124, 125, 137. 
Conemaugh Station. Pa., 199. 
Contra Costa, Cal.. 273. 
Conway, N. H., 102, 129, 13'1, 

138. 
Conway VaUey, N. H., 130. 
Cooperstown, N. Y., 74. 
Corinne, Ulah, 272. 
Corning, N. Y., 77, 8 8ft. 
Cornwall Landing, N. Y., 66. 
Corry, Pa., 89, 198, 226, 230. 
Coshocton, O., 202, 227. 
Council Bluffs, Iowa, 3G3, 264. 
Covington, Ky., 204, 217. 
Coxsackie, N. Y.. 70. 
Coultersvllle Route, Cal., 276^'. 
Crawrord House, N. H., 133. 
Cresson, Pa., 199. 
Crestline, 0., 210. 
Creston, Wyo.,271. 
Crisfleld. Md., 163. 
Croton River, N. Y., 63. 
Culpepper, Va., 183. 
Cumberland, Md., 170, 201. 

I>. 

Danvers, No., Mass., 124. 
Danville, Can., 128. 
Danville Junction, Me., 127. 
Darien, Ct., 103. 
Davenport, Iowa, 239, 263. 
Dayton, O.. 204, 210, 211, 227. 
Delaware Water Gap, 60, 160, 

207, 229. 
Dennison, 0., 202. 
Dentek, Col., 274, 276m. 
Deposit, N. Y., 86. 
Des Moines, Iowa, 215, 262, 264. 
Detroit, Mich., 210, 211, 216, 227, 

233 240. 
Devil's'cate. Utah, 271. 



294 



INDEX. 



Dexter, I 'wa, 264. 
Dixon, 111 , 261. 
Dobba Ferry, N. Y., 63. 
Dor.seT. Mil., 171. 
Doucet's Landing, Can., 12^. 
DovEK, Del., 163. 
Dover, N. J., 228. 
Dover, K. II., 125,129, 137. 
Downi^ville Cal., 270. 
Dovt'nmgton, Pa., 197. 
DrakesviUe, N. J., 228. 
Dresden Junction, O., 202. 
Dubuque, Iowa. 239, 201. 
Duluth, Minn., 238, 240. 
Duudas, Can., 232. 
Dunkirk, N. Y., 89, 226. 
DunlPith, Iowa, 261. 
Dunvilie, Can., 232. 
Durham, N. H., 125. 

B. 

Baston, Pa., 160, 207. 229. 
East Penn. Junction, Pa., 2(ja. 
Eatontown, N. J., 59. 
Ebensburg, Pa., 199. 
Echo Canon (and City), Utah, '-> ■ ; 
Echo Lake. N. H.. 141. 
tiiliugham, lud., 2056, 225. 
Elgin, 111., from Chicago, 212 to 2 ! 6. 
Eiizabeth City, Va., 169. 
Elizabetlx, N. J.. 59, 145, l^i.. 

206. 
Elizabethport, N. J., 149, 206. 
Elk Grove, Cal., 274. 
Elkharr, Ind., 227. 
Elkhorn, Neb., 268 
Elkhorn, Wis.. 237. 
Elko, Nev., 272 
Elkton, Md., 163. 
Bllicott's Mills, Md., 170. 
Ellis, Cal., 271. 
Elmlra. N. Y.,88,198. 
Eminence, Ky., 217. 
Emporium, Pa., 230. 
Euglewood, 111., 262. 
Erie Canal, 74. 

Erie, Pa., 198, 201, 226, 230. 240. 
Essex Junction, vt.. 101. 
EvauHtou, Utah, 271. 
EvansvlUe, Ind., 219. 
Exeter, N. H., 126. 

F. 

Fairfax Court-House, Va., 183, 
Fall River, Mass., 113, 114. 



Falls of the Ammonoosuc, K H., 

134. 
Falls of the Chaudiere, Can., 244^ 

253. 
Falls of Cohoes, N. \., 71. 
Falls of tne Genesee, N. Y., 77. 
Falls, Glen Ellis, N. H., 131. 
Falls, Glenn V, N. Y., 95. 
Falls, Kauterskiil, N. Y.,69. 
Falls of Mmnehaha, Minn., 239. 
Falls of Niagara, 77, 78, 242. 
Falls, Passaic, 59, 84. 
Falls of the Potomac, D. C., 182. 
Falls, Rideau, Can., 244, 245. 
Falls of the Sawkill, N. Y., 86. 
Falls of St. Anne, Can., 247. 
Falls of St. Anthony, Mmn., 239. 
Falls of Trenton, N. Y., 75. 
Falls of the Yo Semite, Cal., 275. 
Farmington, N. U., 129. 
Fishkill Landing, N. Y., 66. 
Fitchburg, Mass., 140. 
Flemington, N. J., 207. 
Florence, S. C, 189. 
Florida Resorts, 196a. 1966 
Flume, The (and House), N. H., 

142. 
Fonda, N. Y., 74. 
Foiest, O., 210. 
Fort Bridger, Utah, 267. 
Fort Dodge, Iowa. 262, 264 
Fort Hamilton, N. Y., 58. 
Fort Howard, Wis., 261. 
FortMassasauga, Can., 257. 
Fort Niagara, N. Y., 257. 

Fort Plain, N. Y.. 74. 

Fort Saunders, Wyo., 270. 

Fort Schuyler, N. Y., 111. 

Fort Sedgwick, Neb., 265. 

Fort Snelling, Minn., 239. 

Fort Washington, Va., 185. 

Fort Wayne, Ind,, 201, 211, 2H 
227, 235, 262. 

Fortress Monroe, Va., 169. 

Four Lakes, Wis., 238. 

Foxboro, Mass.. 110. 

Framingham. Mass., 107. 

Franconia Notch, N. H., 184. 

Frankford, Pa., 148. 

Franklinton, Md.. 168. 

Frederick, Md-, 170. 

Fredericsburg, Va., 185. 

Fredericton, w. B., 259. 

Freehold, N. J.. 149. 

Freeport, 111., 237, 261, 268. 

Freeport, Pa., 200. 

Fremont, 0., 227. 



INDEX. 



295 



Fi'emont, Neb., 268. 
Frenchman's Bay, Can., 242. 



G. 

Galena, 111., 239. 
Oalt, Cal.,276ifc. 
Galveston, Texas, 192, 194. 
Gananoque, Can., 243. 
Garrison's Landing, N. Y., 64. 
Gatineau River, Can., 245. 
Genesee Falls, N. Y., 77. 
Geneva, N. Y., 77. 
Genoa, 111., 237. 
Georgetown, Cal., 270. 
Georgetown, D. C, 1S2. 
Georgetown, Mass., 124. 
Germantown. Pa., 159. 
Geysers, The, Cal., 276fc, 276Z. 
Girard, Pa., 226. 
Glen Allen, Mo., 221. 
Glencoe, Can., 232. 
Glen Cove, L. I., 61. 
Glen ElUs Falls, N. H., 131. 
Glen House, N. H., 131. 
Glenn's Falls, N. Y., 95. 
Goderich, Can., 232. 240. 
Golden City, Cal., 266. 
Gold Hill, Nev., 269 
Goshen, Va.,189t/, 189e. 
Gordonsville. Va., 18:i. 186, ISQg'. 
Gorham, N. H., 102, 137,251. 
Gosport Navy Yard, Va., 169. 
Grafton, Mass., 107. 
Grand. Haven, Mich., 227, 235. 
Grand Island, Neb., 289. 
Gi'and Junction, Iowa, 262. 
Grand Rapids, Mich., 235. 
Granger, Utah, 267. 
Granite Canon, Wyo., 270. 
Grass Valley, Cal., 270. 
Great American Desert, 268. 
Great Bend, N. Y., 87, 229. 
Great Falls, N. H., 125. 
Great Nevada Sandy Desert, 269. 
Great Salt Lake, Utah, 268. 
Green Bay, Wis , 215, 261. 
Greenbush, N. Y., 70. 
Greenfield, Mass., 140. 
Greenport, L. I., 61. 
Green River, Wyo., 271. 
Greensboro, N. C, 1S8. 
Greensburg, Pa.. 200. 
Greenwicli, Easv, R. L, 109. 
Greenwood Lake. N. Y., 85. 
Orenville. Can.. 246. 



Greycourt, N. Y., 85. 
Grimsby, Can., 231. 
Grinnell, Iowa, 263. 
Groton, Ct., 108. 

Groton Junction, Mass., 136, 140. 
Grout's Corners, Mass., 140. 
Guelph, Can., 232, 242. 
Gunpowder River Bridge, Md., 
164 

H. 

Hackettstown, N. J., 60, 228. 

Ha Ha Bay, Can., 256. 

Halifax, N. S., 250, a59. 

Hamilton, Can.. >J3l, 241. 

Hamilton, O., 210. 

Hampton Junction, N. J., 207, 228. 

Hampton, N. H., 125. 

Hampton and Roads), Va , 169. 

Hancock, N. Y., 86. 

Hannibal, Mo., 239. 

Hanover, Md., 171. 

Hanover, Va., 163. 

Harper's Ferry, W. Va.. 170, 171. 

183, 189, 201. 
Habtford, Ot., 105. 
HarrisoDturg, Va., 189c. 
Harrisburg, Pa., 160, 163, lOS. 

209. 
Harvard University, 120. 
Haverhill., Mass., 124. 
Havana, Cuba, 194. 
Havre de Grace, Md., 162, 163. 
Hawke.sbury, Can., 246, 
Hazard, Wyo., 270. 
Hazleton, Pa., 209. 
Helena, Nev.. 268. 
Henderson, Ky., 219. 
Herkimer, N. Y., 74. 
Hermitage, the, Teuu., 219. 
Hickford Junction, Va., 189. 
Highlands of Navesink, 50, 
Highlands of the Hudson. (i3. 
Hightstown, N. J., 150. 
Hillsdale, Mich., 227. 
Hillsdale, Wyo., 270. 
Hoboken, N. J., 58. 
Homewood, Pa., 210. 
Honesdale, Pa., 229. 
Hoosic Tunnel, Mass., 133. 
Horicon, Wis., 237. 
Hornellsville, N. Y., 89. 
Hudson, Can., 247. 
Hudson, N. Y., 70. 
Hvannis, Mass., 122. 
Hyde Park, N. Y., 67. 



296 



INDEX. 



I. 

Indiana, Pa., 200. 

India (to), 273. 

iNDiANOPOLis, Ind., 205a. 218, 

223. 
loue City, Cal., 274. 
Iowa City, Iowa, 263. 
Island Pond, 127, 251, 253, 255. 
Isle of SUoals, N. H.. 125. 
Iron Mountain, Mo., 221. 
Ironton, Mo , 221. 
Irvineton, Pa., 230. 
Ithaca, N. Y., 88. 

J. 

Jackson, Cal , 274. 
Jackson, Mich., 235. 
Jackson, Miss., 194. 
Jacksonville, 111., 224. 
Jamaica, L. I., 61. 
Jamesburg, N. J., 149. 
Jamestown (ruins), Va., 169 
Janesville, Wis., 215, 237. 
Japan (to), 273. 
Jefferson City, Mo., 223. 
Jeffersonville, Ind , 218 
Jersey City, N. J., i44, 197. 
Johnsonville, Tenn., 220. 
Johnstown, Pa., 199. 
Joliet, III., 224, 262. 
Jonesville, Mich., 227. 
Julesburg, Neb.. 209. 

K. 

Kalamazoo, Mich., 227, 234, 235. 
Kauterskill Falls. 69. 
Kearney (and Fort; Neb., 269. 
Keene, N. H., 140. 
Keeseville, N. Y.,100. 
Kelton, Utah, 272. 
Kenosha, Wis., 237. 
Kennebunk, Me., 125. 
Kensington, Pa., 148. 
Keokuk, Iowa, 239, 261, 262, 264. 
Kinderhook, N. Y., 70. 
Kingston, Can., 243, 257. 
Kingston, N. Y., 67. 
K.ngsville, S. C, 191. 
Kittery, Maine, 125. 
Knoxville, Tenn., 188. 196, 219. 
Komoka, Can., 232. 

Lachino, Can., 247. 
Lachiue Rapids, Can., 250. 



127 



Lackawaxen, N. Y., 86. 

Li Crosse, Wis., 239. 

Lafayette., Ind., 211. 

Lafayette College. 208. 

Lagrange, Ky., 217. 

Lake Champlain, 99. 

Lake Donner, Cal., 2:0/. 

Lake George, 95. 

Lake Hopatcong. 60, 228. 

Lake Mahopac, 60. 

Lake Memphremagog, Can. 

138, 140. 
Lake Pepin, Minn., 239. 
Lake Ponchartraiu, La., 194. 
Lake Simcoe, Can., 242. 
Lake St. Charles, Can., 253, 254. 
Lake St. Claii-, 233. 
Lake St. Louis, Can., 247. 
Lake St. Peter, Can.. 1JJ8. 
Lake Superior, 215, 240. 
Lake Superior Copper Regions, 

240. 
Lake Superior Iron Regions. 240. 
Lake Tahoe, Cal., 276/. 
Lake Winnepesaukie, 125, 129i 
Lake of the Two Mountains, Can., 

247. 
Lambertville, N. J., 207. 
Lamokin Junction, Pa., 162. 
Lancaster, Pa., 160, 197. 
L'Ance a I'Bau, Can., 255. 
Lanesborough, N. Y., 87. 
Lansing, Mich., 23ft. 
Lansingburgh, N. Y., 71. 
Laporte, Ind., 227. 
La Prairie, Can., 100. 
Laramie, Wye, 270. 
La Salle, 111., 263. 
Lathrop, cal., 273, 276a. 
Laurel, Md., 171. 
Lawrence, Mass., 122. 134, 13« 
Lawrenceville, Pa , 200. 
Lawton, Mich., 236. 
Lazaretto, The, Pa., 162. 
Lebanon, Pa , 198, 209. 
Lebanon Springs, N. V., 7ii. 
Leesburg, Va., 183. 
Leetonia, 0., 310. 
Lennoxville, Can., 136. 
Le Roy. N. Y., 77. 
Lewes, Del., 163. 
Lewiston, N. Y., 242, 257. 
Lewtston, Pa., 199. 
Lexington, Ky., 217. 
Lexington, Va,, 189/. 
Lima O., 211, 227. 
Lincoln, N\b., '^62. 



INDEX. 



297 



L'Islet, Can., 254. 

Little Falls, N. Y., 74. 

Little Rock, Ark., 220. 

Littleton, N. H.. 102, 139, 140. 

Lock Haven, Pa., 199, 230. 

Lockport, N. Y., 77. 

Logansport, Ind., 211, 224, 227. 

London, Can., 232. 

London, 0., 203. 

Long Brancli, N. J., 69, 149, 150, 

161. 
Long Sault Rapidp, Can., 246. 
Lookout Mountain, 196. 
Lorette, Can., 25o. 
L'Original, Can., 246. 
Louisville, Kv., 211, 217, 221. 
Lovelan<i, 0., 204. 
Lowell, Mass., 121, 124, 136. 
Lundy's Lane, Can., 81. 
Lyme, Cc, 108. 
Lyme, B. & S., Ct., 108. 
Lynn, Mass.,_121, 122 
Lynehburgh, Va., IS^g, 195. 
LyonB, N. Y., 77. 

OT. 

Macon, Ga., 191. 
Madison, N. J., 238. 
Madison, Wis , 215, 237, 261. 

Major's, Can , 246. 
Ma'lden, N, Y., 68. 
Maiden (So.) Mass., 122. 
Mallory Town, Can., 243. 
Mammoth Cave of Kentucky, 218. 
Manassas Junction, Va., 183, 195. 
Manchester, N. H., 124, 137. 
Mankato, Minn., 238. 
Mansfield, Mass., 110. 
Mansfield, O., 210. 
Mantua Junction, Pa., 197. 
Manunkaohunk, N.J,, 228, 229. 
Marietta, O., 204. 
Mariposa Route, Cal., 276K. 
MarBhall, Iowa, 262. 
Marshall, Mich., 235. 
Marlinsburg, Va.. 189a. 
.\Iartha's Vineyard, Mass., 123. 
Marquette, Lake Superior, 2i0. 
Marysville,Cal., 270, 273. 
Mason City, Iowa, 262, 263. 
Massillon, O., 210. 
Mast Hope, N. Y., 86. 
McGregor, Iowa, 238. 
McKenzle, Tenn. , 8i0. 
McPheraon (xad Fort), Neb., 269. 
Medford. W.iss., 124. 



Medina, N. Y., 77. 

Memphis Junction, Ky.. 219. 

Memphis, Tenn.. 194, 196, 219, 230. 

Mendota, 111., 263. 

Mendota Junction, Minn,, 238. 

Meredith Village, N. H., 101, 138. 

Meriden, Ct.. 105. 

Meridian, Miss., 196. 

Merrimac River and Valley, 136. 

Michigan City. Mich., 236. 

Middlebury, Vt.,101. 

Middletown, N. Y.. 85. [104, 108. 

Middh'towu, (and Portland), Ct, 

Milford, Va., 186. 

Millville, N. J., 150. 

Milton, Pa., 229. 

Millboro, Va . iS9«. 

Milroy. Pa., 199. 

Milwaukie, Wis., 215, 237, 339. 

261. 
Mineral Point, Mo., 221. 
Mingo Junction, O.. 202. 
Minneapolis, Minn., 238. 
Minnehaha, Min.. 238. 
Mississippi, Mouths of, 194. 
Missouri Valley Junction, Iowa, 

262. 
Mobile, Ala,, 193, 196. 
Modesta, Cal., 275. 
.Mohawk Valley, N. Y., 73. 
Mok( lunme HiU. Cal., 276*. 
Monmouth Junction, N. J., 149. 
Monocacy (and VaUey), Md., 170. 
Monroeville, O., 227. 
Monson, Mass., 139. 
Monterey, Cal. , 273. 

MONTGOMEKY, Ala., 191, 19«, 

220. 
Monticello, Va., 183. 
Montmorenci, Falls of, Can., 253. 
Montpelier, Vt., 140. 
MONTKEAL, Can., 138, 242, 243, 

244, 245, 247, 253, 255, 257, 
Moosehead Lake, 127. 
Moreau Station, N. Y., 95. 
Morrison, 111,, 261, 
Morristown, N. J,, 60, 23S. 
Morrow, O., 204. 
Moscow, Iowa, 263. 
Mound City, 111., 220, 
Mount Holly, N. J., 150. 
Mount Hope, R. I., 113, 114 
Mt. Joy, Pa., 198 
Mt. Lafayette, N. H., 141, 148 
Mt. Mansfield, Vt., 100. 
Mountain of Rigaud, The, Can., 

246. 



298 INDEX. 



Monnt Veniiiii. Va., 184,185. 
Mount WaaMugton, N. H., 131 

132. 
Mount Webster, N. H., 133. 
Mount \Villard, N. H.,133. 
Murray Bay, Can., 254. 
Muscauue, Iowa, 263 
Mystic, Ct., 109. 

N. 

Nahant, Mass, 121. 

Napanee, Can., 243. 

Narrowsburg. N. Y., 86. 

Nashville, Tenn., 191, 2 l M. 

Nashua, Mass., 122, 124. 

Natick, Mass., 107. 

Natural Bridge, Va., \W, IM. 

Nauvoo, 111., 239. 

Nebraska City, Neb., 262. 

Nevada, Cal , 270. 

New Almaden Mines, Cal., 273 

NEWARK, N. J., 59, 144, 197, 228. 

Newark, 0., 202. 

New Baltimore. N. Y., 70. 

New Bedlord, Mass., 122. 

New Brighton, S. I., 69. 

New Beonswick, N. J., i4o, 

19''- 

New Buffalo. Mich., 236. 

Newburgh, N. Y., 67. 

Newburyport, Mass., 124. 

Newcastle (and Junction), Uei., 
163. 

Newcastle, Pa.. 210. 

New Durham, N. H., 129, 

New Haven, Ct , 104, 107. 

New Lisbon, O , 210- ^^ „ , ,„ 

New London, Ct., 108, 114, 136, 
139. 

Newmarket Junction. N. H., 125 

Newmarket, N. H, 125 

New Orleans, La., 192, i9o, 
223, 239. 

Newport, Ky • 204. 

Newport, R. L, lU. 

Newport, Vt., 138, 140. 

Newton, N J., 228.., 

NEW YORK City, 42-ffarbor, 42 
— Sti eets. 47 — Museums, 48— 
Libraries, 48— Public Galleries, 
48— Educational Institutions, 49 
—Monuments, 50— Antiquities, 
50— Churches, 51— Public Build- 
ings,62— Commercial Buildings, 
63— Private Dwelllng3,54— Hotel 
Buildings (Hotels),54— Theatres 



55_Churches for Service, 56— 
Public Grounds, 57— Ferries, 57 
-Street-Oar Routes, 68— Cen- 
tral Park, 60— Prospect Park, 
61 — Greenwood, 61a — Excur- 
sions, 616 to 61/. 

Niagara Falls, 77, 78,242. 

Niagara (Village), N. Y.. 257. 

Niles, Cal., 273. 

Niles, Mich., 236. 

Norfolk, Va., 163 16.s. 

Norri-stown, Pa.. loO. 

North Adams, Mas.s., 11' 

North Bend, Neb.,L'es. 

North Platte, Neb., 26'!. 

Norwalk, Ct., 103. 

Norwich, Ct., 114, l"'"'. ^^'^ 

o. 

Oak Hill, N. Y., 68. 

Oakland, Cal, 273, 276«. 

Oakville, Can., 241. 

Oberlin, O., 227. 

0|.?allala, Neb,269. 

Ogden, Utah, 272, 275. 

Ogdenaburgh, N. Y., 76, 244. 2-t5 

258. 
Oil City. Pa., 201, 2."50. 
Oil Regions, Pa., 89, 201, 226. 230. 
Old Man of the Mountain, N. U., 

141. 
Old Point Comfort, Va , 169. 
Oleopolis, Pa., 230. 
Omaha, Neb., 216, 223, 262, 2<i5- 

273 
Ontonagon, Lake Superior, 340. 
Orange Court House, Va., 183. 
Orange, N. J., 228. 
Oregon city, Oregon, 273. 
Orient, L. L, 61. 
Orleans, Island of. Can., 2.>4. 
OrovUle, Cal., 273. 
Orville, O., 210. 
Osino, Nov., 272. 
Oswego N. Y., 76. 

^SA^l'ai''i'i44,250,25». 
Ottumwa. Iowa. 262. vi>4. 
Overleok Mountain House, 6.. 
Owatona, Minn., 238 
Owego, N. Y., 88. 

P. 

Padncah (and Junction), Ky., 220. 
Palnesville. Pa. 226. 



INDEX. 



Palatine Bridge, N. Y., 74. 

Palisade, Nev., 272. 

Palisades, the Hudson, 63. 

Palmer, Mass., 106, 139. 

Palmyra, N. Y., 77. 

Panama, Cent Amer., 273. 

Paradise, Idaiin, 269. 

Paris, Can., 232 

Parma, Mich., 235. 

Passaic Falls. 59. 84. 

Paterson, N. J., 58, 83- 

Pawtucket, R I. no. 

Peaics of Otter Va., 195. 

Peliin, 111., 224. 

Pemberton, N. J., 150. 

Ptasacola, Fla., 192. 

Peoria, 111., 211, 224, 263. 

Pequop. Nev., 272. 

Percy, Wvo., 270. 

Perth Aniboy, N. J., 149. 

Peterboro, Can., 243. 

Petersburg, Va., 189. 

Petrolia, Can.. 232. 

Philadelphi V, Pa., 151-Streers. 
152— Public Buildings, 153— An- 
tiquities, 154— Public Ground-, 
155— Fairmount. 155— Oenten- 
nial Grounds, 156 — Ch rches, 
169 — Libraries, 160 — Theatres, 
etc., 160— Hotels, 161— Route- to 
Places of Interest. 161 — Excur 
sions, leicZ- Navy Yard, 161^1^- 
Arsenals, 161d — Laurel Hill 
Cemetery, 16ld— The Wissahi'-lv- 
on, 161«— Germantown. 161«— 
Vallfy Forge, *c., 161/— Longer 
Excursions, 161(7. 

Phillpsburg, N. J., 207. 

?ictou, N. S., 260. 

Pictured Rocks, Lake Superior, 
240. 

Piermont, N. Y., 63. 

Pike's Peak, Col., 266. 

Pilot Knob., Mo., 221. 

Pine Bluflr^^, Neb., 270. 

Pinkham Notch, N. H., 131. 

Pithole (and Creek) Pa., 230. 

Pittsburg, Pa., 170, 200, 202, 
226, 262. 

Pittsfield, Mass., 139. 

Pittston, Pa., 208, 229. 

Placerville, Cal., 270. 

Plainfleld, Ct , 115. 

Plalnfleld. N. J., 206, 

Plattsburg, N. Y., 99. 

Plum Creek, Neb., 269. 

Plymouth, Ind., 811. 



Plymouth, Mas«., J 22. 
Plymouth, N. H., 138. 
Plymouth, Wis., 238. 
Pointe-aux Anglais, Can.. 247. 
Point Levi, Can.. 128, 251, 254. 
Point of Rocks, Md.. 170, 189. 
Point St. Charles, Can., 249, 250; 
Pollard, Ala., 192. 
Pond Creek, HI., 263. 
Portage City. Wis , 23". 
Portage. N. Y., 89. 
Port Deposit, Md , 162. 
Port Hope, Can., i42. 
Port Huron, Mich.. 234. 
Port Jervis, N. Y.. 85. 
Portland, Me., 102; 126, 2.=ja. 

251, 253, 255. 
Portland, Oregon. 268, 273. 
Port Sarnia, Can . 232. 
Portsmouth, N. II., 125, 137. 
Portsmouth, Va., (Naval Depot), 

169. 
Port Stanley, Can., 232. 
Potomac Falls, D. C, 183. 
Potosi, Mo., 221. 
Poughkeepsie, N. Y., 67. 
Prairie du Chien, Wis., 215, 238, 

239. 
Prescott, Can.. 243, 245, 258. 
Princeton, X. J., 147. 
Profile House, N. H., 134, 139, 140. 

141. 
Promontory Point, Utah. 272. 
Providence, R. I., 109, ns. 
Put-in-Bay Islands, (Lake Erie), 

234. 
Putnam, Ct.. 115. 

Q. 

QUEBEO. Can., 128, 13S, 250, 351, 

255, 256. 
Queenston, Can., 81, 257. 
Quincy, 111 , 224, 263 

R. 

Racine, Wis., 237. 

Rah way, N. J., 146, 197. 

Raleigh, N. C, 189. 

Ramapo Gap and Valley, N. 3^ 

85. 
Ramsey, Minn., 238. 
Reading, Mass., 124. 
Reading, Pa., 197, 198, 208, 209, 

229. 
Beadyille, Mass., lio. 



300 



INDEX. 



Red Blink, N. J., 59. 

Red Wing, Minu., 239. 

Reno, Nev., 273. 

Renovo, Pa., 230. 

Rhinebeck, N Y., 67. 

Rice Lake, Can., 243. 

Richmond, Can., 128, 251, 253, 255. 

Riclimond, 0., 204. 

RicnMOKD, Va., 169, 183, 186, 
205. 

Rideau Falls, Can., 244, 245. 

Hidgeway Junction, N. C, 189. 

Riviere du Loup, Can., 128, 251, 
253, 264, 256. 

Rocliester, N. H.,125, 129 

Rochester, N. Y., 77. 

Rochester, Pa., 202, 210 

Rockaway. N. J.. 22S. 

RockbridKC Springs and Baths, 
Va., 189e, 189/. 

Rock Island, m.,225, 239,201,263. 

Rockland Lake, 63. 

Rome, N. Y., 76. 

Rondout, N. Y., 67. 

Rouse's Point, Vt., 100, UO, 
244, 250. 

Routes : 

No. 1.— Northern. New York to 
West Point, Catskill, Albany, 
Troy, Utica, Trenton Falls. Ro- 
chester and Niagara Falls— 62 
to 82. 

No 2 —Northern. New York to 
Paterson, Upper Welaware, U])- 
per Susquehanna, Binghamton, 
Elmira, Buffiilo and Niagara | 
Falls (Erie Rainvay)— 83 to 90 

No. 3.— Northern. New York to 
Albany, Saratoga, Lake George, 
Adirondack Mountains, Lake 
Champlain, Vermont cities, and 
Montreal— 91 to 103. 

No. 4 —Eastern. New York to 
New Haven, Hartford, Spring- 
field, Providence. Newport, 
New Loudon, Sionington and 
Boston (options)— 103 to 123. 

No. 5.— Eastern Boston to Ports- 
mouth Portland, White Moun- 
tains, Quebec or Montreal— 124 
to 128. 

No. 6.— Northern and Eastern. 
Boston to Lake Winnepesaukie, 
White Mountains. Portland autl 
Canadian cities— 129 to 135. 

So. 7.— Norttiern and Eastern. 
Naw York to New London, 



Norwich, Worcester, New 
Hampshire cities. Lake Win- 
nepesaukie and the WhiteMoun- 
tains- 136to 143. 

No. 8.— Near Western. New York 
to New Jersej' cities and Phila- 
delphia— 144 to 161. 

No. 9. — Western and Southern. 
Philadelphia lO Wilm'n (Del.), 
Bait.. Wash'n and Richm'd— 162 
to 188. 

No 9X— Special Virginian. Bait, 
or Wash'n to Virginia Springs 
Mountains, &c.. to Lyuchburg 
and Richm'd— 189 to 1S9?/. 

No. 10 —South- Wpstern. Richm'd 
to Raleigh, Wilm'n ^N. 0.), 
Charleston, Atlanta, Montir., 
Mobile and N. O.— ISO; to I9t. 

No. 11.— South-Western. Rich- 
mond to Lynchburg, Kno.wille, 
Chattanooga, Mobile and New 
Orleans— 195 to 19ti. 

No. li;*.— Southern. Richmond 
to Charleston or Savannah, and 
to Jacksonville, St. xiugustine 
and Florida Resorts— 196a, 1966. 

No. 12.— Western. N^w York or 
Philadelphia to Harrisburg, 
Pittsburg, Wheeling, Columbus, 
Cincinnati St. Louis or Chica- 
go (Peun R. K.) 197 to 205. 

No. v^.— Western. >ew York to 
Phiinfleld, Soinerville. Easton, 
Allentown. Harrisburg, Pitts- 
burg. Fort Wavne and Chicago, 
(Allentown Route)— 206 to 216. 

No. 14 — Western. Cincinnati to 
Louisville. Mammoth Cave of 
Ky., Nashville, Cairo. St. Louis, 
and C.'iicago— 217 to 225. 

No. 15.— Northern and Western. 
Buffalo to Erie, Cleveland, To- 
ledo and other Ohio cities, Cin- 
cinnati or Chicago— 2:^6 to 227. 

No. 16.— Northern. New York or 
Phila. to Dover, Morristowu, 
Del. Water-Gap, Coal, Lumber 
andOil Regions, Ac ,-228to230. 

S'o. 17.— Canadian and Western. 
Ni.igara Fallsto St CF>herme's, 
Hamilton, Paris, London, ' ana 
da Oil Regions, Detroit, Ann 
Arbor, Kalamazoo and Chica- 
go - 231 to 236 

No. IH.— North-Westein. Chicago 
to Racine, Milwaukee, Madison, 



INDEX. 



301 



Prairie du Chien, St. Paul, and 
Falls of Minnehalia and St. An- 
thony, (with optional return by 
the Mississippi or Lake Supe- 
rior)— 237 to 240. 

No. 19.— Canadian. Niagara Falls 
to St. Catherine's, Hamilton, 
Toronto, Kingston, Prescott, 
Otravra, Montreal, Quebec and 
the Saguenay jRiver— 241 to 256. 

No. 20. — Canadian. Niagara Falls 
to Toronto, Kingston, Thousand 
Islands, Kapids of the St. Law- 
rence, Montreal and Quebec, by 
steamers •. and to Halifax, St. 
John, Fredericton, Windsor, 
Sidney, Shedlac, Charlotte- 
Town, Plctou and Bathurst.— 
257 to 260. 

No. 21. — Far Western. Chicago to 
Council Bluffs, Omaha, Chey- 
enne. Ogden Salt Lake City, Sa 
cramento, San Francisco, the 
Big Trees, Yosemite Valley, &c. 
—261 to 276;- 

Rupert, Pa., 229. 

Rutland, Vt.. 101, 140. 

Rye Beach, N. H., 125. 



Sackamento, Cal., 273, 'ilQa. 

Saginaw, Mich., 234. 

Saguenay Kiver, Can., 255. 

Salamanca, Pa., 89, 226, 230. 

Salem, Mass., 122. 

Salem, 0., 210. 

SaUsbury, Md., 163. 

Salmon Falls, N. H., 125. 

Salmon-Trout Lake, Can., 243. 

Salt Lake City, Utah, 216, 223, 
275, 276^. 

San Antonio, Cal , 273. 

Sandusky, O., 202, 205, 210, 227. 

Sandwich Islands, 273. 

Sandy Hook, 59. 

San Francisco, Cal., 273, 2*7 6«. 
—Streets, 2766.— Public Build- 
ings, 2766.— Churches, 2766.-- 
Theatres, 2766.— Hotels, 2766.— 
K.xcui'sions, 276c.— Lone Moun 
tain cemetery, 276c —Cliflf House 
276c.— Mission Dolores, 276c.— 
Presidio and Fort Point, 276c.— 
Longer Excursions, 276c. 

San Jose, Cal., 273, 276a. 



San Luis. Cal., :i73. 
San Qnentin, Cyl.. 273 
Santa Barbara, Cal.. 273, 
Santa Fe, New Mex., 266. 
Saranac Lakes, N. Y., loo. 
Saratoga Springs, 91, 92, l-!0. 
Saucelito. Cal., 273. 
feault St. Marie. 240. 
Savage, Md., 171. 
Savannah, Ga., 190. 
Saybrook(aud Juuoiiou), Ct., 10«. 
Schenectady, N. Y., 74. 
Schooley '8 Mountain, N.J. ,eO,'i2S 
Schroon Lake, N. Y., 96 
Schuyler, Neb., 269. 
Scranton, Pa., 207, 208, 229. 
Secomiet (Point), R. I.. ]i2. 
Sexton's Junction, Va . i,S6 
Sharon Springs (route to), 74. 
Shasta (and Butte), Cal., 27.3. 
Shawangunk Mt,, Ji. Y., 85. 
Shediac, N. B., 259. 
Shelbyville, Ky., 217. 
Sherbrooke. Can., 127. 
Sherman, Wyo., 270. 
Shohola. N. Y., 86. 
Sidney, C. B., 259. 
Sidney, Neb., 270. 
Silver City, Idaho, 269. 
£^ng Sing, N. Y., 63. 
Sioux City, Iowa, 262, 264. 
Skowhegan, Me., 127. 
Sloatsburg, N. Y., 85. 
South Amboy, N. J ., 149. 
South Beud, Ind., 227, 235. 
South Berwick Junction, Me., 125. 
South Pass. Wyo., 267. 
South Reading (Juuction), Mass., 

124. 
South Trenton, N. Y.. 75. 
South Vernon, Vt., 140. 
Sonierville, Mass., 122. 
Somerville, N. J., 207. 
Sonora, Cal.. 274. 
Sparta. Ky., 217. 
Spotswood, N. J., 149. 
SPISINGFIELD, 111., 224, 227, 261, 

263. 
Springfield, Mass., 106. 
Springfield, 0., from Xenla, 203. 
Stafl'ord, Ct., 139. 
St. Albans, Vt.. 101, 244. 
Stamford, Ct.. 103. 
Stanhope, N. J.. 228. 
St. Anne's, Can., 247, 254. 
Staunton. Va.. 189'?. 
Stanstead, Can., 137. 



S02 



INDEX. 



St. Authoay (aud Falls of), Minn., 

215 2^*)» 
Starruca Viaduct, N. Y., 87. 
Stateii Island, 59. 
Staunton, Va., 1S6, 195. 
St. Catharine's, Can., 231, 241. 
St. Clair River and Lake, 240. 
St. Cloud, Minn., 2.39. 
Steubenville, O., 202, 210. 
Stevenson, Ala , 219. 
St. Gregoire, Can. 251. 
St. Hyacinllie, St. Brune, St. 

Hilaire, St. Lambert, Can., 128, 

250. 
St. John, Can., 100. 
St. John, iV. B.. 259. 
St. Joseph, Mo , 223, 262, 264. 
St. Lawrence Rapids. 258. 
St. Lawrence River, 258. 
St. Louis, Mo.. 194, 201, 205, 216, 

220, 221, 227, 239, 261, 263. 
St. Mary's, Can., 232. 
St. Mary's. Wyo . 270. 
Stockton, Cal , 273, 276a, 2767). 
Stonington, Ct. 109, 115. 
Stony Point, N. Y., 63. 
St. Paul Juiiction, Minn. 238 
St. Paul, Minn., 215, 238, 262. 
St. Peter, Minn., 238, 239. 
Strasburg, Va.. 1S3. 189c. 
Stroudsburg, Pa., 229. 
St. Thomas, Can., 254. 
Sturgis, Mich., 227. 
Stuyvesant, N. V., 70. 
Sufferu's, N. J , 84. 
Summit Station, Cal., 273. 
Summit, Va., 183. 
Sunbury, Pa., 199. 
Susquehanna. N. Y.. 87. 
Swampscott. Mass . 122. 
Sweetwater Minmg Region, Wyo.. 

267. 
Syracuse, N. Y., 76. 

T. 

Tadoussac, Can., 255. 
Tallahaaeee, Fla. 190. 
Tarrytown, N. V., 63. 
Terre Haute, Ind , 205a. 
Thorold Can., 231, 241 
Thousand Lslands (and Lake), Si 

Lawrence River. 208. 
Three Rivers, Can., 128, 251. 
Throg's Neck. N. Y., lU. 
Thurso. Can., 246. 
Ttconderoga, N. Y.. 98. 



Tideoute, Pa., 230. 

Titusville, Pa., 230. 

Tiverton, R. I.. 114. 

Toano, Nev., 272. 

Toledo, O., 203, 205, 210, 211, 21«. 

227, 235, 240. 
Tolland, Ct., 139. 
TOPEKA, Kas , 223, 264, 2TC^^ 
Toronto. Can., 232, 241, 243 

250, 257. 
Townsend, Md.,163. 
Towsoutown, Md., 168. 
Trenton, Can., 243. 
Trenton Falls, 75. 
Trenton, N. J., 147, 150, 197. 
Troy, N. Y., 71. 
Truckee, Cal., 273, 276 
Tuscaloosa, Ala., 196. 
Tyrone, Pa., 199, 

U. 

Uintah. Utah, 27'. 

Union City, Tenn., 220. 

Union College (Schenectady, N. 

Y), 74. 
Unionville, N. H., 129. 
Univer.siiv of Virginia, 183. 
Urbana. O., from Xenia. 203. 
Utica. N. Y., 74. 

V. 

Valparaiso, lU., 211 
Vandalia, lud., 2056, 225. 
Venango.. Pa, 201. 
Victoria F.ridge, Can., 249, 350. 
Vincennes. Ind., -.iO:., 220. 
Vinelaiul. N. J,,16u. 
Virgiuia City, Nev., 2ii9. 
Virginia, Nev. 2GS. 
Visalia, Cal.. 273. 
Vallejo, Cal., 276a, 276&. 

W. 

Wads won h, Nev., 273. 

Walla Walla, Oregon, 268. 

Wallinglord, Ct., 105 

Walton. Ky., 217. 

Wanatali, ind., 211. 

Warrenion (and Junction). Va. 

183 
Warsaw, Ind., 211. 224. 
Wasatch, Utah. 271. 
Washington. 1). C , 1 72 ,20l-Lo 

cat^'on. 172. 173— The Capitol 



INDEX. 



803 



174— President's House, 178, 
—Patent Office, 178 — Depart- 
ments, 178, 179— Smithsonian 
Institute, 180— Public Grounds, 
180— Cliurclies, 181 — Tlieatres, 
181— Hotels, 181— Excursions, 
181— Soldiers' Home. 181— Navy 
Yard, 181— Congressional Cem- 
etery. 181— Longer Excursions, 
181, 182. 

Washington Junction, D. C, 171. 

Washington, Iowa, 263. 

Washington (Junction). N. J., 228. 

Washington, N. J. 149. 

Washoe, Nev., 269. 

Waterford, Ct., 108. 

Waterloo. Iowa, 261. 

Waterloo, Ind., 211. 

Waterloo, N. J., 228. 

Watertown, N. Y., 76, 243. 

Watkins Glen, N. Y., 88fl. 

WaukPgan, HI., 237. 

Waverley, Teun., 220. 

Wayuesburg, Pa., 197. 

Weber Canon, (and Station and 
River), Utah, 271. 

Webster, Mass., 115. 

Weir's Landing, N. H., 137. 

Weldon, N. C, 188. 

Wells (and Humboldt W.) Nev., 
272 

Wells, Me., 125. 

Wells River, Vt., 101, 138, 140. 

Wenona, Mich., 234. 

Westerley, R. I., 109. 

West Island, R. I., 112. 

West Liberty, Iowa, 263. 

West Newton, Maes., 107. 

West Point, N. Y., 61, 62, 65.. 

West, Scarboro, Me., 135. 

Weyer's Cave, Va.. 189c, 189«i. 

Wethersfield, Ct., 105. 

Wheeling, W. Va.. 201, 210, 227. 

Whitehall, N. Y., 101, 140 

White House, Va., 188. 

White Mountain House, N. H., 
134. 

White Mountains. 125, 127, 130 to 
133, 137, 141 to 143. 

White Oak Bottom, Md., 171. 

White Pigeon, Mich.. 227. 

White Pine, Nev., 268. 

White River Junction, Vt., 102, 
138, 140. ,^ ^^^ 

White Sulphur Springs, Va., 1S4, 
186. 189^.195. 

Wickford, K. I., 109. 



Wilcox. Pa., 230. 

Wilkesbarre, Pa.. 229. 

Willey House, N. H.. 133. 

William-and-Mary College, Va., 
from Riclimo d, ISO. 

William's Bridge, N. Y.. 103. 

Williamsburg, Va., irom Rich- 
mond, 186. 

Williamsport, Pa.. 198, 229. 

Willimantic, Ct.. 139. 

Wilmington, Del.. 163, 1S7. 

Wilmington Junction, iMas-^.. 12-S. 

Wilmington, N C, 18s. 189. 

Wilton, Iowa, 263. 

Winchester, Va., 183, 1&96. 

Windsor (and Locks), Ct.. ICC. 

Windsor, Can., 283. 

Windsor, N. S., 259. 

Windsor, Vt., 140. 

Winnemucca, Nev., 272. 

Wollboro, N. II., 129, 138. 

Worcester, Mass., IOC il5„ 
136. 

Wyandotte, Kas , 264. 

Wyoming. Nev., 269. 



Xenia, O., 203. 



X. 



Y, 



Yale College. 104. 

Yarmouth Junction, N. 11.. 102, 

127. 
Yarmouth, Mass., 122. 
Yonkers, N. Y., 63. 
York, Pa., 198. 
Yorktown, Va , from Richmond, 

186. 
Yo Semite Valley, Cal., 27Ga, 276r 
Ypsilanti, Mich., 234. 

Z. 

Zanesville, O., 202, 210, 22r. 



DISTANCES, TIME AND FARES. 



JPBOM NEW YORK, DIRECT BY RAIL TO MOST IMPORTANT POINTS — IN 
ROUND NUMBERS AND LIABLE TO SLIGHT VARIATION.] 



NEW YORK TO DISTANCES. 

Albany 150 miles. 

AtcMnson, Kan 1,370 " . 

Baltimore 200 " . 

Baton Rouge 1,940 " . 

Boston 240 " . 

Buffalo 450 " . 

Burlington, Iowa ...1,125 " . 

(Jairo, Ills 1,145 " . 

Charleston, S. C 800 " . 

Chattanooga 1,230 " . 

Chicago 915 " . 

Cincinnati 760 " . 

Cleveland, 595 " . 

Corry (Oil Regions), Pa 520 " . 

Denver, Col 2,040 " . 

Detroit 705 " . 

Erie, Pa 550 " . 

Indianapolis 820 " . 

Mobile I,ti00 " . 

Montreal 650 ' ' . 

New Orleans 1,650 " . 

Niagara Palls 450 " . 

Omaha .1,413 " . 

Philadelphia 90 " . 

Pittsburg 445 " . 

Portland, Me 400 " . 

Quebec 825 " . 

(Juincy, Ills 1,147 " . 

llichmond, Va 360 " . 

Salt Lake City 2.464 " . 

San Francisco 3,200 " . 

Saratoga 225 " . 

Savannah .1,000 " . 

St. Louis 1.084 " . 

St. Paul 1,388 " . 

Washington 226 " . 

White Mountains 500 " . 



TIME. FARES. 

. 5 hours $ 3 50 

.60 " 46 20 

.814 " 6 50 

. 5 days 55 00 

. 9'4 hours 6 00 

.15 " 9 50 

.50 " 32 30 

.55 " 36 00 

.48 " 26 00 

.60 " 34 00 

.38 " 25 00 

.30 " 22 50 

.23 " 15 00 

.16 " 11 70 

IX "lays 95 70 



hours 16 50 

12 25 
25 00 
50 50 
12 50 
55 00 
9 50 



.38 
.17 
.35 

86 
.18 
.80 

16 
. 3 days 44 50 



3 
.16 
.14X 
.25 
.51>^ 
22 
. 5 



hours . 



3 25 
13 00 
9 50 
16 50 
34 25 
15 00 

days 124 50 

" 140 00 

7X hours 4 50 

' 1)4 days 34 50 

.50 hours 36 00 

. 3 days 43 00 

. 9 hours 7 00 

20 " 8 00 



THE CENTENNIAL INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION 
AT PHILADELPHIA-1876. 

All the civilized world has now a general linowledge that 
the United States of America intend to celebrate their one 
hundred years of existence as a nation, by a great Interna- 
tional Exhibition at Philadelphia— that being held as at once 
the noblest plan, and the one most likely to prove beneficial 
to mankind, of noting that special period of national exis- 
tence and progress. And the Shokt-Trip Guides, while 
claiming to have done much in making more extended and 
convenient the intercourse between the peoples of the Old 
and New Worlds, can have no more congenial field of effort, 
than in calling renewed attention to this great enterprise, 
which promises to crown all the international exhibitions 
since that of London in 1851. It need scarcely be said that 
to travelers from Europe, during 1876, the city of Philadel- 
phia, the site of this remarkable exhibition, and the exhibi- 
tion itself, will present features of interest never before 
offered on the American continent, — and that every addi- 
tional item of intelligence conveyed with reference to it, 
must be a public benefit. 

Already the progress of this work is so far advanced as to 
give assurance of its success ; and the attractions that will 
be presented are of a character to be especially interesting 
to Europeans. For the first time there will be gathered in 
one place a complete collection of all the resources, agricul- 
tural and mineral, mechanical and manufacturing, of the 
United States. These alone would form an attraction suf- 
ficient to draw a large concourse together ; but when, in ad- 
dition, it is known that ev^iry important nation of the Old 



306 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 




THE OENTENNIAL EXEIBITION. :J07; 

World has signified its intention to cooperate, there can be 
no doubt but tbat the travel from abroad will be immensely 
increased. 

Philadelphia has many advantages for this proposed visit, 
in the way of location and accommodations. Sufficiently 
supplied with excellent hotels, there are besides more dwell- 
ing-houses in proportion to the population than in any other 
city in the world. A thorough census is being made of the city, 
as regards its accommodations ; and visitors may rest assured 
of comforiable quarter at reasonable pi'ices — no unimportant 
item, when remembering the opposite fact, as exhibited to 
some extent in Paris, and to a large extent in Vienna. At 
present there are lines of reliable steamers running direct 
from Liverpool and Antwerp to Philadelphia; and in April, 
1876, additional vessels will leave Havre, Hamburg, Bre- 
men, and probably other European points of departure, for 
the same port. The distance from New York being but two 
hours by rail, all the lines to that city will also be found 
available, literally being, for the time, lines to Philadelphia. 

The Exhibition Buildings themselves will be constructed 
upon the best plans ; advantage being taken of the experi- 
ence gained in London, Paris and Vienna, to the latter of 
which places Philadelphia sent special commissioners of ob- 
servation with this end in view. We give, herewith, illus- 
trations of some of the principal buildings, to which we 
would invite general attention. The most important of 
these is the Main Exhibition Building, in which will be 
displayed all the productions of the known world, not 
specially designed for the other departmental erections. 
This building, conveniently located for access by horse-cars 
and steam railroads, in the great Fairmount Park, one of the 
largest in the world, is to be 1,876 feet long and 464 feet 
wide, covering an area of 936,008 square feet, divided into 
parallel zones, lengthwise of the building ; the various 
nations occupying sections crosswise, so that the products 



308 



SirORT TRIP O UILE 





TEE CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION. 309 

of each, class from the whole world will be brought into the 
same line. The Art Gallery, or Memorial Building, is 
located about one hundred feet north, built of granite, and 
intended to remain as a permanent testimony to the mem- 
ory of those who signed the Declaration of Independence 
in 1776. In this magnificent edifice will be displayed all the 
treasures of Art ; and no former world's-fair has been so 
favored, in such a casket for painting and sculpture. The 
Machinery Department consists of a main hall 360 feet, 
wide by 1,403 feet long, and an annexe, on the south side, of 
208 feet by 210 feet. The entire area thus covered is 558,440 
square feet, or 12i^(,\ acres. The Horticultural Hall and 
Conservatory is beautifully located, and will present an 
epitome of all the products in floriculture and horticulture, 
including many specially appertaining to the tropics, the 
immense extent of latitude covered by America giving 
facilities in this direction, never before enjoyed at any ex- 
hibition. The Agricultural Department will comprise 
buildings covering ten acres, with every accommodation for 
stock of all kinds, and all the details of that great interest. 

These buildings are all in rapid progress and certain to 
be completed in due season. The cost of the Art Gallery is 
assumed by the State of Pennsylvania; the other expenses 
are enumerated herewith — the figures showing very con- 
clusively that, even as an investment, the Exhibition cannot 
fail to be profitable. 

Main building $1,600,000 

Machinery hall 800,000 

Agricultural , 400,000 

Conservatory 275,000 

Ground and offices 1,000,000 

General expenses 500.000 

Police, &c .'; 1,400,000 

Total V $5,975,000 

Deduct the city subscription for conservatory 

and machinery 1,000,000 

Leaving total expenses to stockholders $4,975,000 



310 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 




THE CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION. 311 

Receipts of the exhibition, based on the Paris Exposition : 

From visitors $4,500,000 

Value of the material after the exhibition 500,000 

Concessions 250,000 

Total receipts $5,250,000 

Thus paying back stock and interest, with a surplus. 

We give, on following page, in addition to the views of 
buildings before noted, two cuts of the very handsome Cen- 
tennial Medal, which certainly, both in design and execu- 
tion, reflects credit on the taste of those who have in charge 
this great American enterprise. 



812 



BHORT-TBIP OUWE. 





STEAMSHIP LINES AND BANKWG-HOUSES. 

In pursuance of the plan inaugurated in the earlier 
editions of the Shobt-Trip Guide, tho following list is 
given, accompanied hy brief remarks, of the steamship linee 
by which the American traveller, or his European brother 
returning the visit, may best trust himself to be carried safely 
and expeditiously over the Atlantic, and the banking-houses 
to some one of which he can trust himself in buying exchange 
or making other financial arrangements for the trip. 

To most of the special features of all the steamship lines 
here represented, attention has before been freely called ; and 
the present intention is merely to allude to 'continued stand- 
ing before the public, and whatever changes may have been 
made in ships or sailing arrangements. Beyond this, a brief 
word will suffice : No line is represented here, or will Jt^reafter 
have f lace here, in which the writer does not place enough impli- 
cit confidence to be willing to trust himself and his in its charge; 
and of the lines «o^ represented here, as we make no endorse- 
ment, the intending traveller may draw his own conclusions 
as to their wish and ability to command his patronage. 

Of the banking-houses, it should be observed that some 
material changes have taken place, during the past twelve 
months, in the number of reliable houses making a specialty 
of supplying exchange to travellers, — and that in no detail 
does the traveller need to be more careful, than in looking 
out bankers whom he can trust, in all senses of the word. 

STEAMSHIPS TO AMERICA. 

LINES BY QUEElNSTOWTSr AND LIVERPOOli. 

Gunard Line. {British and North American Eoyal Mail 

Steamship Company.) 
The most important change in the operations of this lead- 
ing line, of which the steamships now nunfiber more tKan a 



814 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

quarter of a hundred, commanding public confidence even 
more than veiy extensive public patronage, and keeping up 
its old boast of illustrating extreme care by an almost total 
absence of accidents, — has been found in the completion and 
employment of the two very large new vessels, the " Bothnia" 
and " Scythia," — quite the equals of the old favorites in speed, 
while especially satisfactory in convenience as well as in 
sea-wonhy qualities. With these, in the business of the 
present year, will of course be continued the old favorites, 
the "Russia," "Java," "Scotia," "Cuba," "Algeria," 
" Abyssiuia," Parthia," Calabria," "Batavia," and many 
others, supplying the most unexceptionable accommoda- 
tions, and graduating rates of passage to all requirements. 
The announced course of the steamers of this line, for avoid- 
ance of ice and collisions, is worthy of special attention. 
Sailings from New York, on Saturdays ; from Boston, Tues- 
days ; and from Liverpool, Saturdays, for New York, and 
Tuesdays, for Boston. 

Inman Line. {Liverpool, New York and Philadelphia 
8/eamship Company.) 

Very material addition was n\ade to the force of this 
popular and excellent line, during 1873, in the coming into 
service of two of the largr st and speediest vessels afloat — the 
"City of Chester" and "City of Richmond," the fine pas- 
sages of which have well demonstrated their capacity. Even 
these are now supplemented by the coming on the line of 
the new Commodore's-ship, the " City of Berlin," still lai'ger, 
and with quite as assured speed, while even greater is confi- 
dently predicted for her. With these are still as30ciated, 
of course, the old and new favorites, the " Montreal," " Brus- 
sels," "Paris," "Brooklyn," "New York," "London," 
" Antwerp," &c., making up a fleet of large numbers and 
great capacity, with ship-yards apparently always busy in 
its enlargement. The announcement of this line will show 



STEAMSHIPS TO AMEEIGA, ETC. 315 

the care habitually taken to avoid northern latitudes, ice- 
bergs and collisions. Sailings from New Tork every Satur- 
day; from Liverpool every Thursday ; and from Queenstown 
every Friday. 

Williams & Ouion Line. {Liverpool and Great Western 
Steamship Company) 

"One of the most comfortable ships in which I ever 
crossed!" — such was the report of a man of experience, who 
made the westward crossing one equinox in the " Wiscon- 
sin," one of the favorite ships of this line ; and the ex- 
perience of many others on the " Wyoming," the " Idaho," 
"Minnesota," &c., proves that he was not alone in the 
opinion nor the ship in her quality. It must be said that 
the Williams & Guion boats, especially of the later build, 
have established a high reputation for comfort, convenience 
and sea-worthiness, and that they, consequently, deserve the 
patronage they receive. Both the " Montana" and the 
" Dacotah," larger and more powerful ships than any of the 
others, take their place in the line this season ; and the ad- 
dition cannot fail to add alike to the capacity and the popu- 
larity of a commendable service, continually growing bet- 
ter, year by year. Sailings from New York every Tuesday, 
and from Liverpool every Wednesday. 

National Line. {National Steam Navigation Company.) 

Continual improvement has been as markedly the charac- 
teristic of the National Line, as of any other ever conveying 
passengers between the Old World and the New. With 
their boats always large and burthensome, self-insured, and 
sailed on lines especially calculated to avoid ice and col- 
lisions ; now they not only make the well-founded boast of 
employing the largest vessels in the trade, but the rate of 
speed has wonderfully increased, and some of the newer 
vessels are among the fastest as well as the noblest afloat. 



316 SHORT- TRIP G TJIBE. 

This is especially the case with the "Spain" and the 
"Egypt," closely followed by the "Italy," the "Greece," 
"Canada," "England," "France," ."The Queen," &c. ; 
and higher commendation is seldom bestowed upon passages 
by any line, than by old voyagers, on some of the National 
ships during the last two years. Sailings from New York 
every Saturday; from Liverpool every Wednesday; and 
from Queenstown every Thursday. From New York for 
London direct, every two weeks. 

American Line. (Philadelphia and Liverpool.) 

National pride being a thing impossible altogether to 
ignore, there is something very pleasant in being able to 
announce a line of American-built ships, of fine class and 
excellent appointments, making the boast of being "the 
only line of transatlantic steamships carrying the American 
flag." The American Line, between Philadelphia and Liv- 
erpool, though but young in experience, has certainly com- 
menced its work most creditably ; and it will during the 
present season and that to follow, have the advantage of 
being the one direct line to Philadelphia, with its attraction 
of the Centennial Exhibition. The fleet of this company, 
for the present year, will number the " Pennsylvania," 
"Ohio," "Indiana," "Kenilworth," " Abbotsford," "Minne- 
sota," "Illinois," (fee, with others to follow with increasing 
patronage and necessity. Sailings from Philadelphia every 
Thursday ; from Liverpool every Wednesday. 

LINE BY LONDONDERRY AND GLASGOW. 

Anc^wr Line. {Henderson Brotliers, New York : Handyside 
& Henderson, Glasgow.) 

Among the largest fleets in the world is now that of the 
Anchor Line, with connections on every sea ; and every 
year adds to the size as well as the number of its vessels — 
two of the Glasgow shipyards being now excluBively em-: 



STEAMSHIPS TO AMERICA, ETC. 317 

ployed in building for it! With such resources it is not 
strange that year by year witnesses constantly increasing 
reputation and patronage. Among the favorite ships of the 
season, now carrying the United States mails direct to Glas- 
gow, will be the "Nubia," "Anchoria," "Victoria," 
"Utopia," "Bolivia," "Ethiopia," " Elysia," "California," 
&c., all new vessels, especially large, powerful, and perfect 
in all modern appointments. In addition to ordinary 
Glasgow service, this line offers special temptations of cheap 
round trips to that port, and thence to the Mediterranean 
ports and home — a summer run of great interest and 
pleasure. Sailings, from New York every Saturday, and 
from Glasgow (with call at Londonderry) every Saturday. 

LINE BY HAVRE. 

Bh'eneh Line. {Com'pagnie GSnerale Transatlantique.) 
With the present season, if the passenger traffic keeps up 
the promise held out for the year preceding the Centennial, 
we shall have that pleasure for which we have so long 
waited — that of announcing that the popular Compagnie 
Generale Transatlantique will commence running their 
steamers weekly instead of fortnightly. This has been long 
desired, both by the comnany and its host of patrons. The 
fine steamers of this line— the " Pereire," "St. Laurent," 
"France," " Ville de Paris," "Lafayette," " Amerique," 
•' Labrador," " Washington," and others, will now be devoted 
to the New York and Havre service, and the loudly ex- 
pressed want thus supplied. The French steamers have long 
held the boast of carrying more flrst-class passengers per 
vessel, than those of any other line in the Atlantic trade ; 
and that their popularity will be added to rather than 
detracted from, by present and indicated arrangements, is 
beyond doubt. Present sailings from New York every 
alternate Saturday, and from Havre fortnightly, as corres- 
ponding. ^ 



318 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

LINE BY 80UTHAMPTOK AND BREMEN. 

Bremen Line. {North German Lloyd.) 
We continue, this year, as last and the year previous, the 
list of vessels engaged iu the North German Lloyd service, 
by which it will be seen that the fleet is one of the most ex- 
tensive in the world, and the connection almost literally 
world-wide. The "Rhein," "Main," "Donau," "Weser," 
"Oder," "Neckar," "Mosel," and many other vessels of 
this line, have proved themselves first favorites as to speed 
and sea-going qualities, while especially supplying a virtual 
connection direct to London (by Southampton) otherwise 
lacking; aud all the old facilitiej will be retained during 
the current year. Sailings from New York to Bremen, via 
Southampton, every Saturday, with others from Baltimore 
and New Orleans. From Bremen for New York on Satur- 
days, with call at Southampton on Tuesdays. 

STEAMSHIPS TO CALIFORNIA, CHINA, AND INDIA. 

LINE TO CALIFORmA AND CHINA. 

Pacific Mail Steamsldp Company's Service. 
The Pacific Mail Steamship Company, with new ships 
and new energy infused into its* administration, call re- 
newed attention to the joint line by which is supplied so 
important a link of that travel now girdling the world, and 
by the aid of which so many thousands are to be enabled 
cheaply and expeditiously to " circumnavigate the planet." 
Large as is the fleet employed, this force is being rapidly 
supplemented by new iron screw steamers of great size, 
taking the place of the older paddle- wheelers— the " City of 
Peking " and " City of Tokio," two of the noblest ships in 
the world, being already proud examples. The present 
rates, to California alone, as well as to Japan and China, 
will be found temptingly low ; while either the half or the 
whole voyage is known to be a pleasant one. Sailings 



BA NKIWO-HO VSB8. 319 

from New York, for California, every alternate Saturday; 
and close connections with ttie China Line, which also runs 
fortnightly. 

BANKING-HOUSES. 

Exchange may be bought, Letters of Credit taken, and 
all other financial business connected with European tours 
and mercantile operations, safely and profitably transacted, 
as well as many of the details of correspondence and re- 
quirement abroad— with the following first-class houses, 
particulars of whose special lines will be found in their an- 
nouncements; and whose standing, it is well to say, is the 
more enviable and commands the more attention from the 
traveling public, since some of those memorable failures of 
trusted financial agents, plunging those dependent on them 
into serious inconvenience, if nothing worse: 

Brown Brothers & Go , 59 Wall Street, New York, whose 
very name suggests Liverpool, Parliament, British solidity 
married to American thrift, the Bank of England, and 
everything else connected with moneyed intercourse be- 
tween the nations, and who notably share in the supplying 
of foreign credit as well as keeping up the true commercial 
status batweea the continents; 

Brexel, Morgan & Co., corner Broad and Wall Streets, 
New York, whose new bank building at that place excites 
general admiration, while it gives assurance of a stability 
equal to that of the substantial and well-known firm; in 
connection with Drexel, Harjes & Co., 3 Kue Scribe, Paris, 
who supply immense facilities for American visitors to that 
continental metropolis, — and with the equally well-known 
and reliable house of J. S. Morgan & Co., London; 

Duncan, Sherman <& Co., corner Pine and Nassau Streets, 
New York, who have supplied exchange, and courteous 
dealing in efi'ecting it, to half the rising generation, and 
beneficially sown the world almost broadcast with their 



820 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

convenient Circular Letters, wliich the dullest manage to 
understand, and only the most heedless of their explicit and 
painstaking directions can succeed in losing; 

John Munroe & Co., 8 Wall Street, New York, and No. 41 
State Street, Boston, who not only effect exchange for 
thousands upon thousands of Europe bound travellers, but 
lay them under obligations by care of their letters, free use 
of reading-rooms, &e., at their banking-house, No. 7 Rue 
Scribe, Paris, which has long been and will continue to be 
one of the " homes" of Americans in that pleasant city, 
now resuming its position as the great European resort 
of Americans; 

Morton, Bliss & Co., Broad Street, New York, in connec- 
tion with Morton, Rose & Co., Bartholomew Lane, London, 
who largely enjoy, with other leading houses named, the 
confidence of the government in the arrangement of its 
financial concerns abroad, and who have long since attained 
a leading place in the corresponding confidence and patron- 
age of the travelling community ; 

Williams & Guion, 63 Wall Street, New York, the well- 
known agents of the popular New York and Liverpool line 
bearing their name, and elsewhere spoken of^who have a 
banking branch connected with their extensive steamship 
office, and thus at once supply transit and the means to pay 
for it, in any form of exchange that may be desired, in con- 
nection with first-class houses in London. 



AMERICAN HOTELS FOR TRAVELLERS, 

AND SUMMER RESORTS- 

[In the list of American Hotels following, no attempt is 
made at supplying a complete chain in any direction, though 
such an arraogement will be gradually made in following 
years. Of the Hotels mentioned, however, it is necessary to 
say that none have place except such as have been person- 
ally tested, and found well located and capable of supplying 
excellent accommodation ; and upon the special features 
ascribed to each, the utmost dependence can be placed by all 
interested. For locations, names of proprietors, &c., oflBcial 
cards must be referred to. It will be observed that the al- 
phabetical arrangement of places has been adopted, as most 
convenient for the traveller.] 

Albany, JV. Y. — Sfamuix Hall 

One of the oldest houses in the State Capital of New York, 
the Stanwix is certainly among the best, in all conveniences 
of location, as well as in excellence of management. It is 
easily and quickly reached, from either railway or steam- 
boat, is convenient to the Capitol, commands the most 
interesting section of Broadway, has extensive popularity, 
and deserves it. 

Baltimore, Md. — Mt. Vernon House. 

, This hotel stands on West Monument Street, in one of the 
most interesting sections of the city, and has long enjoyed 

^ an enviable reputation among American travellers, and those 
who have visited the Monumental City from the Old "World. 
Of European travellers, very few of distinction but have 
tested the excellent appointments and good cheer of the 
Mount Vernon, which is quite worthy of the distinguished 

! :oame that it bear^. ;: '■ 



322 SHOBT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Berkeley Springs, Va. — The Pavilion. 

As elsewhere noted, in the "Special Virginian Tour," the 
Berkeley Springs are among the best known, as well as 
the oldest in Virginia, having enjoyed the patronage and 
residence of Washington, JefiFerson, and many others of the 
old-time magnates. Of this very charming place the Pavil- 
ion is the centre and chief resort, offering airy rooms, the 
finest baths in the world, and profuse Virginia hospitality in 
a mountain-valley air equal to that of Florence. 

Big Trees of Calaveras, Cal. — Mammoth Grove 
Hotel. 

This house forms, with Sperry's Hotel, Murphy's, an im- 
portant link in the chain of California travel ; the Mammoth 
Grove house, standing in the midst of those world'swon- 
ders, the Big Trees of Calaveras, and supplying one of the 
most delightful of summer resorts; and Speny's, at Murphy's, 
being an important point on the way to the Big Trees from 
Stockton, or the Yosemite Valley, by the Big Oak Flat 
route, as well as located in a highly-interesting mining sec- 
tion, showing many of the type-Californian features. 

Boston. — The Americaii House. 

The American has, for many years, held the reputation of 
being not only the largest, but " the best hotel in the Eastern 
States," and one of the best in America ; and nothing of that 
reputation has been forfeited — rather added to, in later years. 
It has the most convenient of central locations (within a few 
yards of Faneuil Hall, the Old State House, &c.); has sup- 
plied all modem improvements and luxuries, and is, in every 
detail, worthy the high reputation which it enjoys, and the 
full patronage it constantly receives. 

Cape May, N. 3.— Congress Hall. 
This first-class and well-known hotel, one of the most 



AMERICAN HOTELS. 323 

extensively patronized at the great sea-shore resort of " the 
Capes," has the magnificent frontage to the sea, of over nine 
hundred feet, and every modern improvement available for 
such houses, calculated to make it indeed an abode of 
healthful luxury. Congress Hall is now, as it has been for 
years past, under the same capable management as that 
which controls the historically-popular Willard's, at Wash- 
ington ; and no more significant endorsement could be ren- 
dered. 

Cape May, JST. J. — Columbia House. 

Charleston, ;S'. G. — The Charleston Hotel. 

This hotel has the world-wide reputation of being one of 
the most magnificent structures of its kind, on either conti- 
nent, having the build, and most of the appurtenances, of a 
literal palace ; and if the enthusiastic reports of a thousand 
guests are to be credited, the management is as princely in 
its liberality as moderate in its demands on the purses of 
those visiting the Palmetto City, so famous alike in peace 
and war. 

QB.1GKG0.— Grand Pacific Hotel 

This house, lately passed into new and most capable man- 
agement, is considered to be one of the most striking marks 
of the wonderful enterprise and recuperative energy which 
have, within so short a period, built the " New Chicago" on 
the site of the great fire. The largest hotel-building in the 
world and one of the most costly ($3,000,000), with every 
modern improvement, convenience and appliance, it is a 
curiosity to the traveller, as well as a place of luxurious 
flying visit or longer Bojourn, without extraordinary 
expenditure. 



334 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

CiNCiN-NATi, Ohio. — The Grand Hotel. 

Press and public have united in the opinion that this 
magnificent house, first opened to the public in the autumn 
of 1874, is really among the curiosities of the continent in 
size, perfection of arrangement and management; and no 
man is thought to have seen the middle-continent, ■without 
having made his quarters, for at least a certain length of time, 
at the palatial "Grand," vphich splendidly accommodates 
eight hundred, while its location is thoroughly convenient 
and the whole atmosphere of the house and its surroundings, 
such as accustomed travellers long to meet, on either conti- 
nent. There will be a r^jsh of Centennial people to Cincin- 
nati, for this, quite as much as for the Davidson-Probasco 
fountain. 

Cincinnati, Ohio.— Burnet House. 

For many years past, the Burnet has been the house of 
Cincinnati, and among the first in the Middle-West; and 
now that it has been thoroughly renovated and refurnished, 
and is under the management of two gentlemen who have 
made popularity for many years at the Clifton, Niagara, and 
elsewhere, there is no question that the Burnet will fully main- 
tain its position as among the best located and most com- 
fortable of the first-class houses of Cincinnati, and even add 
• to old reputation. 

Delaware Water-Gap, Pa. — Kittatimiy and 

. Water-Gap Houses. 

\ This side of paradise there is not probably finer air to be 
.found, than that of the Pennsylvania Mountains of the Upper 
iDelaware, — as there are few reaches of finer scenerj'^ than can 
t)e found in that neighborhood. In the midst of that noble 
scenery are located the Kittatinny and Water-Gap Houses, 
admirable hostelries, and the former for many years one of 
the favorite resorts of those who wish to l)lend the Rhine 



AMEBIGAN HOTELS. 335 

and the Bavarian Highlands, without crossing the Atlantic, 
while the latter is rapidly growing into corresponding pub- 
lic favor and patronage. 

Hareisburg, Pa. — Bolton's Hotel 

Highlands of Navesikk, N. J. — Thompson's 

Pavilion. 

Few if any places on the American coast are more thorough- 
ly delightful as places of visit or sojourn, than the Pavilion, 
standing on the Bluffs of Navesink, with magnificent views 
of the sea, ready access by boat or rail, still or surf bathing 
at choice, and the management of an old favorite of many 
years' popularity, with new and energetic assistance just 
associated. Who does not know "Thompson's?" — and 
who does not wish to know it even better? 

Lake George. — Fort William Henry Hotel. 

A very large and admirably kept summer hotel, standing 
on the southern shore of the lake, commanding the finest of 
views over it, and in the immediate vicinity of ©Id Fort 
George and the other points of historical interest of that 
romantic section. One of the most popular of fashionable 
resorts for residence, and as on the line of travel northward 
from Saratoga, to Champlain '"and Canada — the boats up 
Lake George, making the connection to the larger lake and 
the north, taking their departure almost from the very doors. 
[Kept in connection with the Arlington., Washington, D. C] 

Lake Tahoe, Gal. — The Tahoe House. 

A very pleasant house, with a siugularly lovely location, 
on the north shore of Lake Tahoe, the site commanding one 
of the most beautiful lake views in the world, and the attrac- 
tions as a place of summer sojourn, scarcely equalled by any 
other spot on the Pacific Slope. 



326 SHORT- TRIP O UIDE. 

Lexington, Va. — National House. 

As the seat of the Virginia Military Academy, as well as 
the spot of burial of Lee and Stonewall Jackson, Lexington 
presents many attractions to the tourist, apart from its near- 
ness to Goshen Pass and the Natural Bridge ; and when we 
have said that the National is the Hotel of Lexingion, com- 
modious and well managed, the favorable story is sufficiently 
told to explain and assure its patronage. 

Long Branch, N, J. — Howland^s Hotel. 

The oldest of the original Long Branch hotels now remain- 
ing, Rowland's (very near to the West End in location), while 
entirely remodelled, enlarged, and handsomely modernized, 
has lost nothing of its old reputation as among the most 
charming of family resorts on the coast. Its management is 
always excellent in every detail ; and its large clientelle of 
resident summer guests will not find any of its old charms 
lacking, under the control of the new proprietors but old 
favorites who assume charge of it with the present season, 
with success and popularity assured. 

Long Branch, N. J. — United States Hotel. 

This large and favorite house has passed, with the present 
season, into new management (as see the official card of an- 
nouncement), eminently capable of imparting to it all those 
features, as a place of transient resort or steady summer- 
sojourn, long and profitably given by it to another house of 
prominence in the neighborhood. Undoubtedly, under the 
new auspices, the United States will come more prominently 
than ever before, to the ' ' front," as one of the pleasantest 
hot-weather resorts of the coast, and one of the most popular. 

Long Branch, i\^. /. — Morns' Pavilion. 

Another of the old-time and always popular r«8ortB of the 
"Branch" is the Pavilion, traditional for the solid comfort 



AMERICAN HOTELS. 327 

and quiet enjoyment afforded to visitors without any pre- 
tense at the fatigue of ultra fashion. The Pavilion has the 
additional feature of opening earlier than the ether houses, 
and may literally be said to be ready for visitors at all times 
and seasons, with every material comfort and attention. 

Mammoth Geove, Gal. — {See Big Trees.) 

Montreal, Can. — St. Lawrence Hall. 

A hotti of the first-class, in extent and keeping, that has 
for many years enjoyed the reputation of being among the 
best in the Dominion, and that under the present manage- 
ment is rapidly increasing that reputation. The St. Law- 
rence enjoys the patronage of the Dominion Government, on 
all festive occasions, and has been patronized by the Prince 
of Wales, the Grand Duke Alexis, the Governor-General, and 
many other distinguished persons ; stands on St. James St., 
leading thoroughfare of the city; and during the past few 
months has been thoroughly renovated and received many 
additional modern improvements. 

Montreal, Can. — The Ottawa Hotel. 

This large hotel stands on St. James Street, near the 
Square of the same name, and has the advantage of fronting 
on that street and opening ©n the parallel great thorough- 
fare, Notre Dame Street, on which stands the Cathedral. 
It claims a place second to no other in Montreal, enjoys very 
distinguished and fashionable patronage, and under its pre- 
sent management is receiving constant additions, materially 
adding to its excellence and consequent popularity. 

Natural Bridge, Va. — Natural Bridge Hotel, 

The opinion has been elsewhere freely expressed that the 
Natural Bridge is one of the grandest pieces of rock- work on 
either Continent ; and the desire to visit this great wonder of 
nature is enough to make popular the Natural Bridge Hotel, 



328 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

which lies beside it and affords the only gale of entrance for 
the view. But the hotel, a thoroughly well kept one and 
commodious, has of itself many charms as a summer resort, 
and should be even more widely appreciated. 

New Yoek City. — Tlie Brevoort House. 

This house, of the first fashion, and the peculiarity of the 
most distinguished English patronage, stands on the Fifth 
Avenue, in the immediate neighborhood of the har Isome 
public ground, Washington Square, and may be sa.a to have 
an exceptionally fine location, combining convenience to 
places of evening resort with quietness and all those name- 
less pleasant features distinguishing the true temporary 
' ' home " of the travelled from the mere crowded caravanserai. 
Every year seems to add to the charm of this unexceptionable 
house, and the number of its visitors of distinction. 

New York City. — Grand Central Hotel. 

This magnificent house is located on Broadway, opposite 
Bond Street, occupying the entire block between Bleecker 
and Amity Streets, and with every advantage in accommo- 
dation as well as location. More than two millions of dol- 
lars has been expended in completing and furnishing this 
mammoth structure with every modern improvement and 
convenience. Among its special features are a Grand Ex- 
change, Telegraph Office, Railroad Ticket OflSce, extensive 
carriage accommodation, and moderation of price in the 
supplying of rooms and meals on the American plan, fully 
justifying its popularity. 

New York City. — St. Cloud Hotel. 

The St. Cloud, located at the corner of Broadway and 
Forty-second Street, opposite Reservoir Square, and within a 
short distance of the Grand Central Depot, is commonly 
designated as the "model hotel of the period," having all 
he modern improvements and luxuries, and being unques- 



AMERICAN HOTELS. 329 

tionably the up-town hotel, par excellence, of the metropolis. 
It has all the features demanded by convenience, in a first- 
class hotel of the time, in singular perfection ; and is con- 
ducted on the European plan, now becoming so popular. 

IN'ew Yoek City. — Everett House, and Clarendon 
Hotel. 
Both these hotels, connected in management, have admi- 
rable locations, and commend themselves especially to the 
travelling public, whether American or foreign. The Eve- 
rett stands at the head of Union Square, commanding the 
handsome grounds and buildings of that Square and the 
head of lower-Broadway, and has long enjoyed an excep- 
tionable reputation as a place of elegant sojourn. The Clar- 
endon, on Fourth Avenue, corner of Eighteenth Street, is 
well worthy of its compeer in charming location, and in all 
details of comfort and elegance, in building and management. 

New Yoek City. — Earlis Hotel. 

Pne of the most popular hotels in New York, for those 
who wish to avail themselves of an exceptionably conven- 
ient lecation, in the very midst of the city — Canal street, 
corner of Centre, and within two blocks of Broadway, which 
the house literally commands. It is notable for every com- 
fort and convenience, and for that crowning desideratum 
with the travelling world — " good living at moderate 
charges." 

Niagara Falls. — Spencer House. 

This new hotel, admirably located for easy reaching the 
Falls, the Suspension Bridge, and all the leading points of 
interest of this wonderful section, is the only first-class house 
remaining open during the cooler season, and thus allowing 
its patrons comfortable quarters while enjoying the une- 
qualled views of "Niagara in Winter." Meanwhile, as a 
summer resort, it is equally desirable and bids fair to become 



330 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

first favorite, as it deserves, with those capable of appreciat- 
ing a good thing when they find it. 

Niagara Falls. — Clifton House. 

The Clifton, an old and excellent house, familiar for many 
years to the people of two continents, must ever be a favorite 
with those who have once known its splendid location, 6n 
the Canadian side, at the verge of the river, and with the 
whole marvelous panorama of the American and Horseshoe 
Falls fully visible from its broad piazzas and many windows 
— not to mention its comfort and luxury as a place of sojourn, 
in and of itself, and its unequalled facilities as a point of de- 
parture for excursions and pleasure-riding. 

Ottawa, Can. — The Russell House. 

A first-class hotel, of large size and good management, 
located in the immediate vicinity of the Parliament Houses, 
Government Buildings, and Barrack Hill, with its fine views; 
and indispensable to visitors to the Capital of the Dominion, 
of whom the present year and that to follow must necessarily 
iee a largely augmented number. 

Philadelphia. — Continental Hotel. 

One of the largest and most perfectly appointed houses in 
America, as well as one of the best-known — holding a pecu- 
liarly central position, on Chestnut Street, and combining 
with its large extent all those modern improvements and 
luxuries which have made the American hotel of the best 
class world-celebrated. Not to have visited the Continental 
is held to be equivalent to not having known the heart of 
Philadelphia," and consequently to have missed many of the 
most charming features of the second city of America. 

Philadelphia. — La Pierre House. 

A large and elegant hotel, with all the modem .improve- 
ments; located on Broad Street (" Fourteenth" in numbers), 
very near to Chestnut Street, and in the immediate neighbor- 



AMERICAN HOTELS. 331 

hood of the American Academy of Music — first house of 
entertainment on the continent. The La Pierre is considered 
especially eclectic as a residence, and numbers among its 
patrons many visitors of high position and wide experience. 

Philadelphia. — Washington Hotel. 

This commodious hotel is located on Chestnut Street, near 
Seventh, and has a high reputation among these who seek 
for comfort and good living without meretricious display. 
In connection, and under the same management, are those 
favorite houses, -Bolton's Hotel, at Harrisburg, and the Colum- 
bia House, Cape May. 

KuTLAN"D, Vt. — TJie Bates House. 

The Bates House is the leading hotel of the handsome 
town of Rutland, and consequently a place of favorite resort 
for the enjoyment of the fine air and scenery of the Grreen 
Mountain region, as well as a favorite dinner-station on the 
railway -route between the Hudson and Saratoga, and Upper 
Vermont and Canada. It is thoroughly well kept, and de- 
servedly a favorite with travellers ; and the man who has 
not dined there, en routes has missed one of the best tables 
in New England. 

San Francisco, Cal. — Occidental Hotel. 

Californian hotels are considered models of perfection by 
travellers of the widest experience, and the Occidental 
stands at the head of even that favorite class. Its location 
on Montgomery street, reaching from Bush to Sutter, is 
unsurpassed ; its details of management embrace the most 
perfect of modern improvements ; and its celebrity, extend- 
ing over many years, as the virtual " Heart of Frisco," is 
equally world-wide and well-merited, the true California 
' ' society " being always on view in its spacious halls and 
corridors, while its facilities and arrangements for carriage- 
excursions are unequalled. 



332 8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

ToKONTO, Can. — The Boss in House. 

One of the largest and most complete houses in the Do- 
minion, with a flattering and well-deserved reputation as 
one of the best-kept and most carefully managed, as well as 
admirably located for visiting the Lake shore itself, the 
public buildings and fine grounds making Toronto a place of 
pleasant sojourn for all who once visit it. From theRossin, 
the University, Osgoode Hall, and indeed all the more nota- 
ble structures of the town, can be reached at very limited 
distance in pleasant foot-excursions ; and at the Rossin, one 
always finds that perfect "warmest welcome at an inn," as 
described by Shenstone. 

Toronto, Can. — Queen's Hotel 

A large and admirably located hotel, which has for many 
years enjoyed an enviable reputation at the hands of visitors 
to the Dominion, and which has accordingly very largely 
shared in accommodating the very best classes of those who 
have either been passing through the beautiful capital of 
Ontario, or making a longer sojourn there for purposes of 
pleasure or business. Has fine views of the Lake, well-kept 
grounds, and all modern improvements and luxuries. 

Trenton Falls, JVew York. — Moore's Hotel. 

Without doubt one of the most capitally located hotels on 
the American continent, standing within a few rods of the 
matchlessly-beautiful Falls of Trenton, and indeed com- 
manding access to them, as well as supplying guides and 
every essential for the visit. Has noble groves and fin e 
pleasure grounds, and a Geological Museum of the first ex 
tent and value, besides being, as a place of transient visit or 
longer abode, thoroughly well kept, and in every regard one 
of the most enjoyable of the pleasure-resorts of America. 
Not to have seen Trenton Falls, and Moore's, is to hav 
omitted a crowning experience. 



. AMERICAN HOIELS. 333 

WASHiNGTOisr, D. C. — Willard's Hotel. 

For more than a quarter of a century, Willard's has been 
recognized as virtually the head-quarters of what could be 
called Washington hotel-society ; and scarcely a European 
celebrity or a European beauty, visiting the capital of the 
United States, who has not found a home at one time or 
another in this pleasant and luxurious temporary abode. 
Temporarily closed during a portion of the secession war, 
it has since been thoroughly refitted and refurnished ; and 
now, under management of the highest capability, blends 
present excellence and old reputation to an extent rarely 
equalled in America. [In connection, and under the same 
management, Congress Sail, Cape May, New Jersey.] 

WASHiifGTOif, D. 0. — The Arlington. 

A house of high character and first-class patronage, seldom 
making any announcements to the public, from the fact that 
that patronage is at once assured and eclectic, composed of 
the most distinguished society of the two continents. The 
Arlington is under the same capable management as the 
Fort William Henry Hotel, Lake George, elsewhere men- 
tioned at length. 

Watch Hill, R. I. — Plimpton House. 

During the past few years, it has been discovered that 
Rhode Island has other shores than that of Newport, afibrd- 
ing delightful summer sojourn ; and among the most charm- 
ing of the comparatively new places, is the Plimpton, at 
Watch Hill, near Stonington, Ct. , with fine sea view, bath- 
ing, promenades, riding, and every feature making its fre- 
quenters enjoy instead of dreading the summer solstice. 

Watkins Glen, N. Y. — Glen Park Hotel 

This is by far the largest and best appointed, as well as 
most convenient of the hotels near the great wonder of nature 



334 SHORT-TRIP G UIDE. 

above named ; and it has, besides, the advantage of being 
connected with the Magnetic Sulphur Springs House, whereat 
the cures of rheumatic and other chronic diseases have been, 
during the last few years, equally numerous and wonderful. 
Undoubtedly the Glen Park, with its salubrious situation on 
Seneca Lake and at the very highest point of the Middle 
States, offers attractions equal to those of any other summer 
resort in America. 

West Point, N. Y. — Cozzens' Hotel. 

One of the most magnificently located, as well as one of 
the most tastefully built, of all American hotels, is Cozzens', 
at West Point, commanding the finest part of the passage 
through the Hudson Highlands, and often winning the name 
of the " Eagle's Nest" from its height above the river, while 
really among the easiest of summer resorts, to reach by boat 
or rail. Among American retreats at once fashionable and 
enjoyable, Cozzens' holds a " high place " in fact, as well as 
in altitude. 

Wbter's Cave, Va. — Weyer^s Cave Hotel. 

The wonder of nature involved in Weyer's Cave, quite the 
rival of the Mammoth Cave in beauty if not in size, has been 
elsewhere spoken of It only remains, here, to advise tourists 
that in visiting the Cave they have all comforts and many 
luxuries spread before them at the Wej^er's Cave Hotel, where 
guides may be procured, and where sojourn long enough to 
thoroughly "do" this great natural marvel, will be found 
pleasant and profitable. 

YosEMiTE Valley, Cal. — HutcMngs' Hotel. 

Mr. Hutchings, best posted of all the pioneers of the Great 
Valley, has the hotel furthest up the Valley itself, nearest to 
most points of interest, and simply indispensable to visitors, 
both for convenience and comfort. 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 

[See announcement cards, following at close of volume, 
for many particulars of value and interest — tlie main f«ts 
(and facts only) being here simply and hastily alluded to for 
the general information of travellers.] 

SPECIAL ROUTES FOE TEAVELLERS. 

There is no feature so notable, in American Travel, 
as the great Californian Trip, by rail, by which such a wonder- 
ful space, involving the most picturesque, novel and inter- 
esting scenery^ can be covered in so few days, and so much 
added to the previous stock of intelligence and experience — 
as witness the official announcement of the Union and Central 
Pacific Railroads, following, and the full particulars there 
given of the wonderful combinations and connections of the 
route, not only to San Francisco and the other Californian 
cities and places of interest, but the Colorado Mountain 
regions (the Switzerland of America), the great Mining 
sections. Salt Lake City, &c.; and, still beyond, to Japan, 
China and the East. 

The Pennsylvania Railroad, now extending 
its various branches and divisions from New York to Phila- 
delphia (New Jersey Railroad*line), and thence to all the 
principal cities of the West, the Northwest, the South, and 
indeed in nearly all directions — is not only one of the most 
magnificent of all the railway enterprises of the New World, 
but one of the best-managed and most reliable ; nobly illus- 
trating the truth that railway-transit can always be better 
and more safely managed in one large connection, than in 
small divisions with necessarily conflicting interests and want 
of proper concert. Material improvements, in track and line 
management, are continually being made by this colossal 
line, to general content and advantage. 



336 SHORT-TRIP OUIDE. 

Among the most notable of the lines of travel in 
America, at once for the excellence of its management, the 
extent of its accommodation, and the magnificent variety of 
the scenery through which it passes, — is the Baltimore and 
Cmlo Railroad, affording transit between Baltimore and 
Washington, and the Ohio River and all the cities of the 
Great West. From Harper's Ferry across the Allegheny 
Mountains to the Ohio, the road may be said to combine 
the very best features of American scenery ; while all the 
modern improvements and luxuries of American travel, both 
in line equipment and hotel accommodation, are supplied by 
a management at once far-seeing, careful and liberal ; and 
not to have ridden over the Baltimore and Ohio road, is to 
have missed what the tourist cannot spare from his experi- 
ences. 

The Chicago and North-Western Railroad is at 
once one of the greatest and best-managed enterprises of the 
North-West, a great trunk-line leading from Chicago, by 
Fulton, Clinton, Cedar Rapids, '^Boone, &c., to Council 
Bluffs, Omaha, and connecting there with the Pacific roads 
for California ; also with lines leading directly from Chicago 
by Kenosha, Racine, &Q.., to Milwaukie; and to Fort How- 
ard, Green Bay, or direct connection to St. Paul and Lake 
Superior, with numberless other ramifications, of the first 
interest to travellers, and which only the official announce- 
ment can fully explain. 

The Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad is 
one of the great links of that triple chain between Chicago, 
and Omaha and the Pacific roads, forming one of the true 
glories of America ; and it makes the well-founded boast of 
running, between those two points, the very handsomest pal- 
ace day-and-sleeping coaches that can be found in the land of 
those luxuries. Many points of interest are passed, when 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 337 

proceeding by this reliable and favorite rovite, now increas- 
ingly popular. 

The Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad is 
one of the favorite routes between Chicago, and Omaha and 
the Pacific roads, passing through Burlington, Iowa, one of 
the handsomest towns of the North- West, and running, as the 
management announce, "Pullman's palatial dining and 
breakfasting saloons on wheels;" " sumptuous meals at 75 
cents, at thirty miles per hour, forming the travelling climax 
of this progressive age," — a statement not likely to meet 
with contradiction. 

The Chicago, Miliuauhie and St. Paul Railway 
supplies very important connections northward and north- 
westward from the former city, to the important town 
of Milwaukie, to Madison (capital of Wisconsin), &c. ; also 
to La Crosse, Winona, St. Paul, Minneapolis, the Palls of 
St. Anthony, and many other points in the North- West, of 
special interest to travellers. From St. Paul may also be 
pursued a favorite route to Lake Superior and the mining 
regions connected. 

The Illinois Central Railway supplies the most 
direct and convenient connection from Chicago southward 
to St. Louis, to Cairo, and thence to Memphis, Jackson and 
New Orleans,— and westward to Fort Dodge, Sioux City, 
Yankton, and other important points in Minnesota, Nebras- 
ka, Dakotah, ?.nd all the region lying westward from the 
Great Lakes. The system of this road is very extensive, 
and the enterprise laying and controlling it no small integer 
in the railway prosperity of the West. 

One of the most extensive railway connections of 
the American Continent (after the incomparable length of the 
Pacific) is supplied by the Grand Trunk Railway, of which 
the head offices are at Montreal, while in the main line and 



838 SHORT- TB IP GUIDE. 

many branches are found facilities for reaching numberless 
points of interest of the North and North-East, all the way 
from Detroit and the Western cities, to Portland on the 
Atlantic. [See especially Route No. 19.] 

Among the most extensive sea-coast routes in 
America, are those filled by the steamships of Clyde's Coast-wise 
and West India Steamship Lines, now numbering some twenty- 
five ships of lai-ge size and full power, with still others build- 
ing — and supplying the pleasantest of summer transit from 
New York to Charleston, S. C, and all the South-Eastern 
States ; to Havana, and other West India ports ; to Galves- 
ton, and other towns of Texas and the South-West. Tour- 
ists, English or American, should note the announcement, 
and remember the hint for the hot- weather transit. 

The Day Line of Steamers on the Hudson River, 
from New York to West Point, the Catskill Mountains, &c., 
to Albany, supplies three of the fastest and most commodious 
steamers in the world, in the " Chauncey Vibbard," " Daniel 
Drew," and " Armenia," carrying music on all trips, making 
the whole run, in either direction, by daylight, and affording 
opportunities for observation of the whole line of Hudson 
River scenery, unattainable by any other route or mode. 
And it needs scarcely to be said that not even the Rhine can 
afford a day's sail of such average magnificence in scenery, 
and such perfection in accommodation, whether in the fine 
vessels themselves, or their management throughout. [See 
map of the Hudson, accompanying announcement.] 

The People's Line of Steamers between New Yorlc 
and Albany affords another splendid feature in travel on the 
Hudson River, leaving either place at evening and arriving 
at the other in the morning, in time for all railway connec- 
tions; and supplying, in the "St. John," "Drew," and 
" Dean Richmond," the three noblest and most luxurious 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 339 

specimens of inland marine architecture ©n the globe, with 
accommodations of perfect completeness and princely splen- 
dor, while still making no heavy draft on the purse in any 
detail of service. [See map of the Hudson, accompanying 
official announcement, for connections, &c.] 

The Mai^y Powell (steamer), running as an after- 
noon boat from New York to West Point, Newburgh and 
other points on the Hudson, to Rondout (Kingston), shows 
still another of those "Prides of the Hudson" just referred 
to ; passing through the Highlands by daylight, and afford- 
ing the most charming of views of that splendid river scen- 
ery; the boat herself, a beauty, a favorite and a celebrity, 
and well known even to many Englishmen who have never 
visited America, having been literally rebuilt, with large 
additional power, and increased perfection of equipment, 
and being now really a curiosity of graceful beauty only 
second to the noble river on which her triumphs of speed 
and marvels of accommodation have been displayed. 

The Stonington Line of steamers between New 
York and Boston, leaving either city every evening, and 
especially on the run eastward showing the splendid scenery 
of Long Island Sound to excellent advantage,— -commend 
themselves to the travelling public, with every claim to con- 
fidence, especially as the boats are large, staunch, well fur- 
nished, and well managed. This line also runs the mag- 
nificent steamer ' ' Rhode Island " as a day -boat to Newport 
during the travel-season. In connection, the SJwre Line 
of railway, from New York by New Haven, New London, 
Stonington and Providence, to Boston, may be commended 
as by far the pleasantest and most picturesque route for land 
transit between the two great cities. 

The Fall River Line of steamers between New 
York and Boston, presents the same features of attraction 



340 8H0RT-TBIP GUIDE. 

on the eastward ruo, in the scenery of the Sound, and in ad- 
dition lays especial claim to the championship of those 
waters, in right of those especially fine boats, the "Provi- 
dence" and " Bristol," claimed to be the very finest combi- 
nations of the sea-boat with the river-palace, afloat in any 
direction. During the travel-season, these boats carry fine 
bands of music, thus materially adding to the pleasure of 
making the run, either way, by this noble line of convey- 
ance. 

N"EW YORK INSURAlsrCE COMPAIS'IES. 

The hints given in one of the earlier papers of this 
volume, as to the propriety of every traveller (and indeed 
every man), taking a reasonable Life Assurance, do not lose 
their force, year by year, but rather add new ; meanwhile, the 
American system is the best in world, as now admitted by 
the highest authorities of both continents ; and in three es- 
pecial companies hereinafter named, will be found the very 
highest types of extensive business, reliability, and usefulness. 
These three are the Mritual Life Intxirance Company of New 
TbrA, 144 and 146 Broadway ; the Equitable Life Assurance 
Society of the United States, No. 120 Broadway; and the New 
York Life Insurance Company, No. 346 Broadway; three 
institutions in the grouping of which lies an absolute matter 
of national pride as well as one of important knowledge to 
the intending investor in this most beneficial of securities. 
The steady prosperity shown by these companies during the 
long period of general financial difficulty, affords the strong- 
est proof of their useful present and prosperous future ; and 
the Mutual, especially, in the branch now completed, on 
Chestnut street, Philadelphia, even additionally illustrates 
the great law of progress, in which all these noble compa- 
nies are sharing, as well as the New York, by its late open- 
ing of a commodious down-town branch office at the corner 
of Broadway and Liberty Street. 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 341 

In intimate connection with the subject of Life 
Insurance, comes that of Accident Insurance, in which detail, 
too, America affords one of tlie noblest of examples, in the 
Travellers^ Inszcrance Company, of Hartford, Connecticut, 
with a virtual centre in New York, at 207 Broadway. The 
Travellers' has been for years doing a noble work, meeting 
with immense and deserved success, and annually paying 
out immense sums to the families of those killed by acci- 
dent, or to the disabled themselves in their day of dimin- 
islied receipts and possible need. The figures of business of 
the past year show something of the keenness with which 
the American public are waking to the need and the benefit 
of such an institution, so indispensable among a nation of 
travellers, — and of the amount which every late year demands 
from this Company, to pay for lost lives and injured bodies. 
This company affords also the ordinary Life Assurance in 
connection, with the best advantages. 

The Hanover Fire Insurance Company, office 120 
Broadway, New York, continues to offer the best and most 
i-eliable guaranties against loss or damage by the devouring 
I element; one of the most satisfactory of remembrances to 
those who leave property behind them when travelling; 
while a visit to the office of the company will show the 
best thing of its kind in the world, in appointments and 
management, especially since the late enlargement of space, 
rendered necessary by increase of business. 

NEW YORK CTTY SPECIALTIES. , 

At the American Branch of the house of Messrs. 
Thomas Cook & ^on—Cooh, Son & Jenkins, 261 Broadway, 
all the Cook's Tourist Tickets may be obtained, for both 
European and American travel, and much money saved in 
going over many routes ( n both continents. Meanwhile, it 
is worthy of general knowledge that Messrs. Cook «& Son 



843 8U0MTTUIP GUIDE. 

have been appointed by the British government, General 
Passenger Agents during the Philadelphia Centennial, their 
scope of action and usefulness being materially added to by 
the selection. 

Passports for Europe, as all know, are convenient 
and profitable, if not always indispensable — as they supply 
identification, often save fees, &c. Arrangements have been 
made, by which they can be supplied at the very shortest 
notice, on application at MorforcCs Travel Office, 53 Broad- 
way, or to James Taylor, Passport Agent, Notary and Com- 
missioner for all the States, No. 383 Broadway, near White 
Street, New York City. 

Intending passengers for Europe or tourists to any 
part of America can examine maps, trace out routes, obtain 
any information desired, or have passages secured by any of 
the best lines of travel, with the advantages of the personal 
experience of an old traveller, at Morford's Travel Office, 52 
Broadway, New York — now open in connection with the 
management and publication of the "Short-Trip Guides" 
to Europe and America. 

It is scarcely necessary to call the attention of the 
American of average intelligence, to the excellence of the 
Aldine — the monthly publication of the Aldine Company, 58 
Maiden Lane, New York ; as that unique sheet has some 
time since won the reputation of being the handsomest bit 
of printing, whether of pictures or letter-press, in any land 
or any language. But it is also well to know that the Aldine 
can now only be procured by subscription, at $6.00 a year, 
as well as that some splendid prizes are offered to subscribers 
for 1875. The Aldine has lately stepped to the front in illus • 
trations of the Centennial of American Independence, in the 
publication of some splendid illustrations of that struggle, 
as well as the commencement of a revolutionary novel of 
great interest, called " The Spur of Monmouth." 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 343 

The Home Journal, the leading fashion and society 
paper in America, and indeed holding a corresponding place 
in ttiat regard to the London " Court Journal," while it pos- 
sesses a literary ability to which the English exponent of 
aristocracy and fashion cannot pretend, has actually be- 
come a necessity in the higher walks of American life, and 
is beginning to exercise no small influence as a fashion- 
authority abroad. It presents, for 1875, still added features 
of excellence and attractiveness, promising and warranting 
the highest prosperity in the future. 

Those about to travel cannot do better than to 
leave their valuables under the security which can be sup- 
plied them in Herring's Safes, of which the depot is at Nos. 
351 and 352 Broadway, corner of Murray Street. Through 
nearly all the disastrous conflagrations of America, the safes 
made by Herring & Co. have passed unharmed, while the 
excellence and perfection of their locks have habitually baf- 
fled burglars, in their efforts to "go through" safes, bank- 
doors, and other receptacles of valuables. Beyond doubt, 
the Herring's Safes stand at the head of the list in theii' 
branch of manufacture, and have been and are a true bene- 
faction to that portion of the world owning anything worth 
preserving. 

Few names have gone wider over the world, than 
that of John Stephenson, the promoter and to some extent 
the inventor, of the graceful street-car of the day; and the 
works of few men have spread more extensively than these 
same cars, as made by John Stephenson & Co., whose manu- 
factory of cars, omnibuses, stages, and all vehicles in the line, 
is ai, No. 47 East 37th Street. At the great European Expo- 
sitions these cars have alike attracted admiration and won 
high prizes ; from America to England, all Europe, Asia, and 
the Islands of the Sea, they have become universal as indis- 
perisMble. 



344 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

In tlie long and vigorous race for supremacy among 
Sowing Machines, it is not too much to say that that manu- 
factured by the Home Machine Com-pany, of which the princi- 
pal office is at No. 699 Broadway, has kept itself in the van, 
if it has not indeed distanced all others. Ellas Howe, Jr., 
the inventor of this machine, and of parls of all the best other 
machines, which could never have existed but for him, — 
though dead, still lives as the great benefactor of the female 
world and indeed the whole world of manufacturers ; and the 
Howe Sewing Machine, unchanged in any principle though 
often improved, remains the world's favorite and his lasting 
monument. 

The fine art-house of Goupil £ Co. (M. Kncedler 
& Co., successors). No. 170 Fifth Avenue, cor. 22d Street, 
has unquestionably done more to advance the knowledge of 
art in America, than any and all Ihe rivals that could be 
named. Its Fine- Art Gallery is always filled with works by 
the best masters of contemporaneous schools ; and it supplies 
fine line-engravings, rare etchings, and all artists' materials 
in equal variety and excellence. 

Much later in invention than some of its compet- 
itors, is the Remington Sewing Machine, made by that accom- 
plished body of workers in every branch of mechanical art, 
the Remington Arms Co., at Ilion, New York, with New 
York office at Madison Square. Age is not alwayaan advan- 
tage, in spite of the contraiy adage with rt'gard to wine, pic- 
tures, and many other things appealing to human taste, and 
the Remington Machine is Hnquesti('nab]y all the better enti- 
tled td the public confidence from its youth ; as in the very 
process of inventing and perfecting it at a later day than that 
which was believed to have perfected some of the others, ad- 
vantage was taken, by the skilled mechanicians arranging 
the movement and all the details of the Remington, to avoid 
what every one understood to be errors and awkward points 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 345 

in the competing machines, but too radically grounded in 
their construction to be remedied without literally destroying 
those machines themselves. In simplicity of construction, 
and consequent simplicity of management, in perfection of 
stitch, availability for many varied purposes, ease of running, 
and indeed all the essentials of this great labor-saver and 
woman's friend, the Remington claims, with justice, " all 
the modern improvements," with the pre-eminence thereto 
belonging. 

The mannfacture of graceful and becoming hats 
is made a science by Dunlap & Co., whose emporium is to 
be found at No. 174 Fifth Avenue, between 23d and 33d 
Sts., with branches throughout the Union ; and it may be 
said of all the head-coverings issued by these " Leaders of 
Fashion," that they are at once thoroughly first-class and re- 
liable in material, auvl possessing the highest characteristics 
as to latest style and adaptation to the countenance of the 
wearer, — while their importations cover the whole field of 
foreign fashion. 

PHILADELPHIA SPECIALTIES. 

One of the most solid, substantial and creditable 
of all the institutions in Pliiladelphia, which in 1876 is to be 
for the time the Metropolitan City, in honor of the Centennial, 
— is the Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company, fmnded in 
1847, under the strict laws which prevailed a quarter of a 
century ago; conducted on the purely mutual system, by 
officers who have the full confidence of the community; and 
showing the splendid exhibit of assets, of $5,000,000. The 
Penn is well worthy the noble old name which it commemo- 
rates, and well-instructed Philadelphians hold a world of local 
pride in it, apart from personal business connection. 

One of the handsomest shops on Chestnut Street, 
as well as one of the most richly stocked fine-art depositories 



346 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. ' 

of Philadelphia, is to be found at Earles\ No 816 Chestnut 
Street, near the Continental Hotel. Messrs. Earle are im- 
porters and dealers in high-class pictures, statuary, works 
of art, fine mirrors, and objects of taste and beauty, in every 
variety, and have a specialty of supplying the celebrated 
Rogers Groups of Statuary, which have within the past 
few years done more to raise a single artist to the highest 
appreciation of the world than any other succession of works 
from the pencil or chisel of any single artist, dead or living. 
To visitors to Philadelphia, an acquaintance with Earles' 
will be found indispensable. 

The world of art is materially indebted to /. E. 
McClees <& Son, No. 910 Chestnut Street, above Ninth, not 
only for the magnificent photographs produced in past years 
by the senior partner, one of the masters in his line,— but 
for the admirable collection of high-class pictures, by foreign 
and domestic artists of the first eminence, always to be found 
in their handsome gallery of exhibition (really one of the 
pleasantest places in Philadelphia or elsewhere). Messrs. 
McClees are dealers in every description of fine engravings, 
statuary, mirrors, and works of art and beauty in every 
variety called for by the instructed and ecl< ctic taste of the 
age, and their gallery is necessarily one of the features of 
Chestnut Street. 

Perhaps the most perfect Drug-and-Faiicy-Store 
in the world, as certainly one of the most beautiful in ar- 
rangement and most extensive in the variety of articles em- 
braced, is that of A. L. Helmbold, Chestnut Street, between 
Eighth and Ninth, and within the Continental Hotel. 
The dispensing of medicines and chemical preparations 
is really made a branch of fine art, under such auspices 
as those enjoyed by Mr. Helmbold, whose litt^ral bazar is 
open all night, and who adds to general business the 
specialty of supplying, at first hand?, the well-known and 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 347 

popular Helmbold's Preparations, now almost indispensable 
in the medical world. 

The Travellers' Official Ouide, published monthly 
by the National Railway Publication Company, Philadelphia, 
is very correct, careful, and wonderfully comprehensive, and 
affords incomparably the best authority on the Western 
Continent, as to times of trains, connections, and every 
information necessary for the traveler. In connection with 
this is also published the Official Time Table, smaller and 
cheaper, and equally invaluable. [To be purchased at all 
news and periodical establishments.] 

One of the handsomest stores in Philadelphia, 
and probably the handsomest book-store in the world, is the 
marble building adjoining the Continental Hotel, occupied 
by the retail department of the house of Porter & Coates, one 
of the foremost Philadelphia publishing firms. Their place 
is noted as containing the largest and most varied stock in 
the city, particularly in fine books and books in fine bind- 
ings, illustrated works, &c., as well as those of a less 
costly character. Messrs. P. & C. publish very exten- 
sively, and issue, among other works of value to trav- 
ellers, a Guide-Book to Philadelphia, edited by Mr. Thomp- 
son Westcott, superbly illustrated, with railway map of the 
city, and in all regards a model of its kind. 

Speaking of books — no visitor to Philadelphia 
will fail to acquaint himself with the immense book-house 
of J! B. Lippincott & Co., Market Street, above Seventh, who 
stand among the first of their calling in the world. They 
publish that leader among magazines, " Lippincott's," a 
handsomely-illustrated HandBook of Philadelphia, one of 
the Railway Beauties of Pennsylvania, and innumerable 
other works of interest on every subject known to the world 
of readers ; while the details of their admirably-managed 



;:;48 HlKjRT-TnLJ' Gl'WE. 

liouse aro almost bewildering in llieir extent and complica- 
tion. Messrs. J. B. L. & Co., are also the publishers of 
Morlbrd's Short-Trip Guide to America, now reduced so ma- 
terially in price, in the interest of the Centennial. 

AMERICAN SPECIALTIES. 

Indispensable to those who wish to Jay out 
routes in Europe and travel intelligently as well as com- 
I'ortably and economically, will be found the companion vol- 
ume to this — '■'■ Morford's Short-Trip Guide to Europe,'''' oi 
which a leading U. S. official said, last year, returning from a 
tour of the Old World, and speaking to a ship-board acquaint- 
ance : "My party, in our travels through the British Islands 
and on the Continent, had nearly all the Guide-Books and 
all the American ; and it is only justice to say that after due 
examination, though using some of the larger and the local 
Guides, occasionally, for particulars not allowed by its lim 
ited space — we found Morford's the book to arrange routes and 
travel by, and made it our chief dependence, throughout." 

The Union Pacific Land announcement demands 
close attention, and affords a legitimate subject of pride; as 
the lauds thus offered are among the most valuable in the 
world, forming one of the most profitable of investments) 
and one of the great dependences of European emigration to 
America, in the magnificent future, which must supply 
homes to fifty millions of the now overcrowded residents of 
the Old World. As noticed in that announcement, full par- 
ticulars with reference to location and character of lands 
are sent freely and promptly on application, in the Pioneer, a 
comprehensive publication especially devoted to exhibiting 
the resources of that marvellous .section, and in other docu- 
ments having at once the stamp of official character and re- 
liability. 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 349 

If America has anything in the East, awaking 
pride as to scenery, that dependence is certainly found in the 
noble mountain-chain of the Adirondacks, now attracting 
tourists from all lands ; and if these mountains are to be 
visited intelligently and examined thoroughly, the compan- 
ionship is needed of the Descriptive Guide to the Adirondacks$ 
procurable from the Waverley Publishing Company, Syra- 
cuse, New York, and on the various lines of travel leading 
to the regions described. 



STEAMSHIP LINES. 



accoj 

M O R J 

SHORT T 

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SHORT- TRIP a UIDE. —ANNO UNGEMENT8. 



1875. CUNARD LINE 
BRITnSPI 



Hortli American 

ROYAL 

Mail Steamships 
> 

Established 1S40. 




1875. 

BETWEEN 

Liverpool, Boston &* 

New York ; 

CALLING AT 

CORK HARBOR. 

Taking the Southern 
Route. 



Calabria, 


Cuba, 


Tarifa, 


Abyssinia, 


SiDON, 


Batavia, 


Morocco, 


Palmyra, 


Kedar, 


Malta. 



Scotia, Olympus, Atlas, 

Bothnia, Russia, Marathon, 

Algeria, Scythia, Hecla, 

Samaria, Parthia, Java, 

Aleppo, Siberia, China, 

With the view of diminishing the chances of Collision, the Steamers of 
this Line take a specified course for a'l seasons of the year. On the Out- 
ward Passage from Oueenstown to New York or Boston, crossing Mer- 
idian of 50 at 43 Lat.Tor nothing to the North of 43. On the Homeward 
Passage, crossing the Meridian of 50 at 42 Lat., or nothing to the North 
of 42. 



From Liverpool— Sa.tuTda.ys and Tuesdays ; calling at Cork Harbor 

the following days. From New York — Wednesdays. 

From Boston — Tuesdays. 



Rates of Cabin Passage Money : 15 Guineas, 17 Guineas, and 21 Guineas, 
according to the accommodation. 
Return Tickets (available for Six Months), 30 Guineas. 
Rates of Passage Mpney by the Steamers carrying no Steerage Passen- 
gers: Chief Cabin, Twenty-six Pounds ; 
Second Cabin, Eighteen Pounds. 
Return Tickets (available for six months), at reduced rates. 



Children between Two and Twelve Years, Half- Fare. 



These rates include Steward's Fee and Provisions, but without Wines 
or Liquors, which can be obtained on board. 

Passengers booked through to San Francisco, China, Japan, India, 
New Zealand, and Australia, by Pacific Railway and Mail Steamers. 

The Passengers and Goods for New Yoik are intended to be landed at 
Jersey City, within the jurisdiction of the Custom House of New York. 
^^"Apply at the Company's Office, New \''ork, to Charles G. Franck- 
LVN, Agent; at the Company's Office, Boston, to James Alexander, 
Agent ; in Halifax, to William Cunard; in Havre, to Burns & Mac 
IvER, 21 Quai d'Orleans; iti Paris^ to Burks & Mac Iver, 12 Place de 
la Bourse ; in London, to VV'. Cunard, 6 St. Helen's Place, Bushopsgate 
Street and 2S Pall Mall ; in Uunaee to G. and J. Burns, Baltic Street ; in 
Glasgow, to G. & J. Burns, 30 Jamaica Street ; in Belfast, to A. G. S. 
" McCuLLOCH ; in Queeastown, to D. & C. Mac Iver ; or to 

D. & C. MAC IVER, 

8 Water Street, Liverpool. 



SnORT-TRIF G UWE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS 



INMAN LINE. 




NEW YORK 

TO 

LIVERPOOL 

Every Saturday. 



The Large, Full-Powered, Clyde-Built Steamshlpi, 

CITY OF BERLIN, i CITY CF N£rw YORK. 

CITY OF CHESTER, j CITY OF LONDON, 

CITY OF RICHMOND, i CITY OF BALTIMORE 

CITY OF MONTREAL, j CITY OF ANTWERP. 

CITY OF BRUSSELS, i CITY OF BRISTOL, 

CITY OF PARIS, i CITY OF LIMERICK, 

CITY OF BROOKLYN, • CITY OF DURHAM. 

The course laid down for these steamers, and followed by them for 
several years, is fixed to pass 250 miles south of Cape Race. Although 
the voyage is thus lengthened about loo miles, better weather is met 
with and there is much greater freedom from fogs and floating ice and 
the danger of navigation consequent thereon. 

RA TES OF PA SSA GE. 
To Liverpool, $80 and $100 gold. I From Liverpool, $75 and $90 gold. 

I (15 10*18 Guineas.) 

Round Trip Tickets, $140 and $160 gold. 



Steamers leave Liverpool every Thursday. 
" ■' Queenstown every Friday. 

" " New York every Saturday. 

For further information, apply at the Company's Offices : 

Liverpool, Wm. Inman, 62 and 63 Tower Buildings. 

Queenstown, C. & W. D. Seymour. 

London, EiVES & Allen, 6r King William Street. 

Paris, Wm. Inman, 9 Rue Scribe. 

Boston, M. S. Creagh, 102 State Street. 

Philadelphia, O'DONNELL & FAULK, 402 Chestnut Street. 

Chicago, Francis C. Brown, 32 S. Clarke St. ; and in 
New Vork to 



JOHN G. 



DALE, Agent, 

13 BROADWAY. 



SHOE T- TRIP G UIDE—A NNO UNCEMENT8. 

TlVERPOOL 

AND 

NEW YORK STEAMERS, 

Carrying the United States Mails. 




IDAHO, MINNESOTA, WYOMING, 

NEVADA WISCONSIN, MONTANA, 

DACOTAH. 



The above Steamers are New, of the Largest Class, and built express- 
ly lor the Trade. Have five Water-Tight Bulkheads, and carry exper- 
ienced Officers, Surgeons and Stewardesses. 

The Saloon accommodations and attendance are unsurpassed by any 
Atlantic Steamers. 

SAILING FROM 

New York on Tuesdays, and Liverpool on 

Wednesdays. 

(Calling at Queenstown to land and receive Mails and Passengers.). 



Cabin, Intermediate and Steerage Passengers Takbn 
AT Lowest Rates. 

RETURJSr TICKETS AT A. DISOOXJlSrT. 

AGENTS. 

GUION & CO.. WILLIAMS & GUION, 

Liverpool. 63 Wall Street, New York. 

GRJNNELL & CO., J. M. CURRIE, 

7 Leadenhall St., Londo?i. Paris and Havrt. 



SHOE T- TRIP UIDE. -A NNO UNCE ME NTS. 



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Steamers Weekly Between 

JVEIV YORK, LIVERPOOL AND QUEENSTOWN. 

. 4,896 tons. 
4,470 " 

• 3i976 " 
4,040 " 

• 41276 " 
4i3io '■ 

' The above powerful British-built Iron Steamships, with spar decks, 
and water-compartments, THE LARGEST IN THE TRADE, during 
the season of 1875, will form this favorite line, leaving 

LIVERPOOL EVERY WEDNESDAY. 

QUEENSTOWN, .... EVERY THURSDAY. 

NEW YORK. .... EVERY SATURDAY. 

Fortnightly to and from LONDON DIRECT. 

From the Company's Wharves, 

PIERS 44 AND 47, NORTH RIVER. 



Spain, 


4,871 tons. 


England, . 


Egypt, 


. 5,089 " 


The Queen, 


I-'ALV, 


4i3|i " 


Helvetia, . 


HiSlland, 


• 3,847 " 


Erin, 


Fr.\nce, . 


. 3,676 " 


Canada, 


Denmark, . 


• 3^724 " 


Greece, . 



Rates of Passage Payable in U. S. Currency: 

ist. ad. 

To Liverpool, Queenstown, or Londonderry, . . . $80 $70 

London, (via Liverpool,) 90 80 

Hamburg, 95 ' go 

Bremen, 113 too 

Antwerp, 95 90 

Havre, 95 90 

Paris, 95 go 

Tickets to Liverpool and return, 130 130 

Prepaid Cabin Tickets from Liverpool or Queenstown, 80 70 
Steerage passage at greatly reduced rates. 
The 2d rate includes first-class to London, Paris, &c. 
Company's Offices, 69 Broadway, New York, 

F. W. J. HURST, Manager. 

ai Water Street, Liverpool. 



BHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 




STEAMERS TO FRANCE DIRECT. 

TRANSIT BY RAILROAD AND CROSSING THE , 
ENGLISH CHANNEL AVOIDED. 

General Transatlantic 

COMPANY'S. . 

FiriST-CLASS STEAMSHIPS, 

Under Government Contract to carry the Mails between 

NEW YORK & HAVRE. 



Leaving New Kork every Wternate Saturday from May 1st 

PEREIRE, VILLE DE PARIS, 

SAINT LAURENT, WASHINGTON, 

LAFAYETTE, AMERIQUE, 

LABRADOR, FRANCE, 

Passage Money ( Wine included) Payable in Gold^ 

FROM NEW YORK TO BREST OR HAVRE, 

FIRST CABIN, $100. SECONfl CABIN, $65. IHIIlD CABIN. $35. 

Excursion Tickets issued at a reduction of lo per cent. 

MEDICAL ATTENDANCE FREE OF CHARGE. 
American Travelers going tT or returning from the Continent of Europe^ 
by taking this Line, avoid both transit by English railway and the dis- 
comforts ot crossing the Channel, besides saving time, trouble and ex- 
pense. For i'reii^ht or Passage apply at the Ofiico of 

G-E:0EG-E MACKEISrZII^,, Agent, 

'55 Broc.diuay., K.iv Y.vlc. 



SHOBT- HUP G UIDE-ANNO UN CEMENTS. 



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CARRYING THE U. S. MAILS 

BETWEEN NEW YORK AND GLASGOW, 

(Via Londonderry.) 
SAILING EVERY SATURDAY 
From New York (Piers 20 and 21, Foot Day Street,) 
THE SPLENDIDFULL-POWEREDCLYDE.BUILT STEAMSHIPS 

ALSATIA, CALEDONIA, EUROPA, OLYMPIA, 

ANCHORIA, CALIFORNIA, INDIA, TRINACRIA, 

ANGLIA, CASTALIA, ITALIA, UTOPIA, 

AUSTRALIA, ELYSIA, MACEDONIA, VI ..TORIA, 

BOLIVIA, ETHIOPIA, NUBL\, and others. 

Comprising one of the largest Fleets in any service. 

The Anchor Line Steamers are 

mi^ST-CLASS IN^ EVERY RESPECT. 

Safe, Comfo)table, Reliable, Splendidly Fitted Up, and in their 
Appointiitents and Equipments not excelled by any other line. 



RATES OF PASSAGE: 

Cabin, $75, $85 and $qo, according to accommodation. Ex- 
cursion Tickets. GOOD FOR ONE YEAR, at reduced 
rates. Round Excursion Tickets to Glasgow, the 
Mediterranean Ports, and homeward, at low • 

figures. Through Tickets issued to and 
from any Seaport or Railway Station in 
the World. 



COMPANY'S OFFICES: 
GLASGOW, 49 Union Street. LONDONDERRY ^o Foyle Street, 
LIVERPOOL, 17 Water Street, OUEENSTOWN,Westbourne Place, 
LONDON, j'l Lcadenhall Street, PARIS. ^ Rue Scribe, 
NEW YORK, 7 Bowling Green, CHICAGO, N. E. cor. La Salle and 

Madiso.'i Streets. 

HENDERSON BROTHERS, Agents. 



SHORT-TRIP OUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS 



NORTH GERMAN LLOYD. 



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The Screw Steamers of the North Gerr 


Rhein, 






Hermann, 


Hansa, 


Main, 






New York, 


Frankfurt 


DONAU, 






Hannover, 


MOSEL, 


Deutsc 


HLAND, 


Strassburg, 


Berlin, 


KOLN, 






Baltimore, 


Bismarck, 


Neckar, 




Ohio, 


GrafMoltke, 


Leipzig 






America, 


Oder, 


Weser, 






Bremen, 


Kronprinz Fri 



> 
> 



o 

H 



Habsburg, 

hohengolern, 

Hohenstauffeb, 

Salier, 

Braunschweig, 

Nurnberg, 

General Werder, 



General Yon Roon. 



These Vessels carry the German^ Uritisk and United States Maiis, 

and leave 
Bremen, for New York, bj' Southampton, every Saturday. 

" for Baltimore, on alternate Wednesdays. 
Southampton, for New York, every Tuesday. 

" for Baltimore, on alternate Saturdays. 

New York, for Southampton and Bremen, every Saturday. 
Baltimore, for Southampton and Bremen, every alternate Saturday. 

The above vessels have been constructed in themostapproved manner; 
they are of 3 000 tons, and 700 horse-power each, and are" commanded by 
men of character and experience, who will make every exertion to pro- 
mote the comfort and convenience of passengers. They touch at South- 
ampton or the outward trip, for the purpose of landing passengers for 
Engrland and France. 

These Vessels take Freight to Bremen, London, Hull, Rotterdam, 
Antwerp and Hamburg,for which through bills of lading are signed. 

An experienced surgeon is attached to each vessel. 

All letters must pass through the ))ost office. 

Specie taken to Havre, Southampton and Bremen at the lowest rates. 

For Prices of Passage, and all further particulars, apply to NORTH 
GERMAN LLOYD, Bremen: KELLER, WALLIS & POSTLE- 
THWAITE, Southa!!!j>tonand London: PHILLTPPS, GRAVES, PHIL- 
LIPPS & CO., Lo7idon: L'HERBETTE, KANE & CO., Havre and 
Paris; OELrjCHS & CO.. New York: A. SCHUMACHER & CO., 
Baltimore: ED. F. STOCKMEYER & CO., Neiu Orleans; H. UP- 
MAN & CO., Havana; W. P. MAAL Y HERMANO, Aspinwall. 



SEORT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



AMERICAN LINE 

Mail Steamers. 

PHILADELPHIA AND LIVERPOOL 

Calling at Queenstown. 

The only Line Sailing under the 

jlTrheTtcan Flag, 



PENNSYLVANIA, INDIANA, 

OHIO, ABBOTSFORD 

KENILWORTH, ILLINOIS. 

AND OTHEil KlRSr-GLASS SIEAMERS. 

Every Thursday from Philadelphia. 
Every Wednesday from Liverpool. 

C At the Lowest Rates to and froi-n all Princi- 
) pal Points in Great Britain, Ireland and the 
(^ Continent. 

DRAFTS FOK SALE IN SUMS TO SUIT. 
For TICKETS and further information, apply to 

PETER WRIGHT & SONS, 

General Agents, 

307 WALNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 

RICHARDSON, SPENGE <& CO., Agents, 

LIVERPOOL. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDM.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

Pacific Mail Steamship Co.s 

NEW AND MAGNIFICENT STEAMERS, 
Carrying Mails, Passengers and Freight to 

SAN FRANCISCO, CHINA 
AND JAPAN, 

Via Kingston (Jamaica), and Isthmus of Panama, 

Making connections for all Central and South Ameri- 
can and Mexican ports. 

DEPARTURES. 

Niew York to San Francisco and vice versa, every altemaU 

Saturday. 

San Francisco to China and Japan, every 1 5 days. 
COMPANY'S FLEET. 

City of Peking, City of Tokio, City of Panama, 

City of Guatemala, Colon, Acapulco, 

Granada, Colima. Henry Chauncy, 

Rising Star, Montana, (S. W.) Arizona, 

Constitution, Mohongo, Nevada, 

California, Orizaba, Pacific, 

Honduras, Senator, Salvador, 

Montana, (screw) Costa RicA,(screw) St. Louis, 

Great Republic, Ancon, Japan, 

Colorado, China, Costa Rica, (S.W.) 

Oregonian, Alaska, New York, 

Golden Age, 

For Passage Tickets or further information, apply to 

H. J. BULLA Y, Sup't, 

Pier 42, N. R., foot of Canal St., New York. 



BANKING HOUSES. 



SEOET-TRIP GUIDE —ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

BROWN BROTHERS & CO. 

5'9 Wall Street, New York, 

Issue, against cash deposited, or satisfactory gfuarantee of repayment. 
Circular Credits for Travellers, in dollars for use in the United States and 
adjacent countries, and in Pounds Sterling for use in any part of the 
world. 

These credits, bearing the signature of the holder, afford a ready 
means of identification, and the amounts for which they are issued can 
be availed of from time to time, and wherever he maybe, in sums to 
meet the requirements of the traveller. 

Applications for Credits may be made to the above house direct, or 
through any first-class bank or banker in this country. 



They also issue Commercial Credits, make Cable Transfers of Money 
between this Country and England, and Draw Bills of Exchange on 
Great Britain and Ireland. 

BROWN, SHIPLEY &> CO., 

Founder' s Court, Lothbury, London. 

BROWN, SHIPLEY ^r' CO., 

ChapelStreet, Liverpool 

DREXEL, MORGAN & CO., 

Wall Street, Corner of Broad, 

NEW YORK, 

DREXEL & CO. DREXEL, HARJES & CO. 

34 South Third Street, 3, Rue Scribe, 

Philadelphia. Paris. 

ISSUE 

COMMERCIAL AND TRAVELLING CREDITS 

Available in all parts of the World. 



TELEGRAPHIC TRANSFERS 

TO AND FROM EUROPE, HAVANA AND SAN FRANCISCO, 



Attorneys and Agents of 
Messrs. J. S. MORGAN & CO., LONDON. 



SHORT- TRIP UIDE.—A NSOUNCEMENTS. 

Duncan, Sherman & Co.. 
BANKERS, 

Corner of Pine and Nassau Sis., New York, 

ISSUB 

CIRCULAR NOTES and TRAVELING CREDITS, 
Available ia all the Principal Cities of the World. 



TRANSFERS OF MONEY BY TELEGRAPH TO EUROPE, 
CUBA, AND THE PACIFIC COAST. 



Accounts of Country Banks and others Received. 

John Munroe & Company, 

BANKERS, 

No. 8 Wall Street, New York, and 
No. 41 State Street, Boston, 

ISSUE 

CIRCULAR LETTERS of CREDIT for Travelem, 

ON THE 

CONSOLIDATED BANK, London, 

AND ON 

Munroe & Company, 

No. 7 Rue Scribe, PARIS. 



EXCHANGE ON LONDON AND PARIS 



SHORT- TRIP G UID E. —AJSINO UNCEMENT8. 



MORTON, BLISS & CO., 

Bankei\s, 
1 Broad Street, New York, 

ISSUB 

CIRCULAR NOTES and LETTERS OF CREDIT 

For Travellers ; also 

COMMERCIAL CREDITS 

available in all parts of the world. 

Negotiate First-Class Railway, City and State Loans, make 

Telegraphic Transfers of Money, allow Interest 

on Deposits and Draw Exchange on 

MORTON, ROSE 6- CO., London, 

HOTTINGUER &> CO., Paris, 

HOPE <5r» CO., Amsterdam. 



WILLIAMS & GUION, 

63 WALL ST., NEW YORK. 
Travelers' and Commercial Credits Issued, 

A vailaile in all farts of Eurtfe, Vc. 

BILLS OF EXCHANG-E 

Oniwn in sums to suit purchasers ; ALSO CABLE TRANSFERS. 



Advances Made upon Consignments of Cotton and 
other Produce to Ourselves or Correspondents. 

ALEX. S. PETRIE & CO., liUION & CO., 

London. LivsKPoeCb. 



INSURANCE COMPANIES. 



SHOR T- TRIP G UIDB. —ANNO UNCEMBNTS. 




HANOVER 

Fire Insurance Company, 

OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, 

Office, No. 120 Broadway, cor. Cedar St., 

(Equitable Life Assurance Go's Building.) 

1ncorporatp:d 1852. 



BENJAMIN S. WALCOTT, President 

I. REMSEN LANE, Secretary. 

C. L. ROE, Asst Secretary, (Local Deft.) 



Cash Assets, - - - $1,420,954 82. 



AGENCIES IN ALL THE PRINCIPAL TOWNS IN THE UNITED STATES. 

Eastern Agency Department, - - THOMAS JAMES, ^c^wary. 
Western and Southern Agency Department, " The Underwriters 

Agency." A. STODDART, G^wfra/ .^^«»/. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



Commenced Business in 1845. 



NJPJ4^ YORK 

LIFE INSURANCE CO, 




346 & 348 BRO^DWA.Y. 

Assets, January 1st, 1875, #27,348,667.08. 

Annual Income, same date, $8,o59,56i.ii. 
Divisible Surplus, same date, $4,520,401,79. 

Its Experience of more than a Quarter Century is an assurance against 
all doubtful experiments in the conduct of its business. 

It grants all desirable forms of Life Insurance, 

On Practical Plans and most Favorable Terms. 

ORDINARY LIFE POLICIES, LIMITED-PAYMENT LIFE 

POLICIES, ENDOWMENTS, ANNUITIES, AND 

TONTINE INVESTMENT POLICIES. 

MORRIS FRANKLIN, 
THEODORE M. BANT A, Cashier. President. 

^ _ WILLIAM II. BEERS, 

D. O DELL, Sup t of'-Agencies. Vice-Pres't and Actuary. 



SHORT-TRIP OUIT)E.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

THE 

EQUITABLE 

LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY 

OF THE UNITED STATES. 

No. 1 20 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. 



00 



■:> 




c 

►-I 

c 

{A 



OS 
OS 
10 

00 
io 

00 



All Cash. Purely Mutual. Annual Dividends. 



New Business larger than any other Company in America or Europe. 
Average Annual Growth greater than any other leading Company. 
Percentage of Losses to Policies in force, loss than any other. Per- 
centage of Expenses to Income, less than the average of other New 
York. Companies. 



OFF/CERS.- 
HENRY B. HYDE, Pres/Weui. 

JAMES W. ALEXANDER, Vice-President. 
SAM'L BORROWE, Secretary. 

WILLIAM ALEXANDER, Ass' t Secretary. 

GEO W- PHILLIPS, I .. 
J. G. VAN CISE, i;,Acttcaries. 



W. P. HALSTED. 
THEODORE WESTON 



,(■ 



SllORT.TRlF G UIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



The Penn Mutual 



L/I^B INSURANCE COMPANY 



OF PHILADELPHIA. 




h 
CO 

H 

N CO I u 

p t-H < 

S i-L| cc 

SMC 

■^ C 

M C. 

OS S 

d 

ENTIRELY MUTUAL. 

The Penn is the only Purely Mutual Life Company in the State 
of Pennsylvania. All of the Surplus is divided among its mem- 
bers every year, thus furnishing them insurance at the lowest 
possible rates. All Policies non-forfeitable after the third year, 

Endowment Policies issued at life rates. 

SAMUEL C. HUEY, 

President. 
SAM'L E. STOKES, JAS. AA^EIR MASON, 

Vice-President. Actuary. 



H. S. STEPHENS, HENRY AUSTIE, 

id Vice-President. Secreiarv. 



AMERICAN TRAVEL 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 
The Great Trans- Continental All- Rail 

Union & Central Pacific Route 

Via Council Bluffs and Omaha, 
226 Miles the SHORTEST, 

FROM THE ATLANTIC COAST TO 

SALT LAKE CITY, 

SACRAMENTO, 

SAN ?RANCISCO» 

AND ALL POINTS IN THE 
SANDWICH ISLANDS, JAPAN, 

NEW ZEALAND, CHINA, 

A USTRA LI A , INDIA. 



Shortest a7td Quickest Route 

To DENVER, COL., NEW MEXICO and ARIZONA. 



PULLMAN'S PALACE DAY AND SLEEPING CARSarerunott 
all Express Trains, and passengers are cautioned that only those who we 
ticketed via Omaha are sure of securing; berths to points west of Cheyenne. 

Double Berth— 'Jmaha to Ogden. $3 ; Ogdeu to San Krancisco. $6. 

To TouT-ists, Picas ure a.nd Health Seeker^^ this Route offers unrivaled 
attractions in the beautiful Platte Valley ; the grand scenery of the Snowy 
Range ; the Passage of the Rocky Mountains ^,242 feet above the sea) : 
the Laramie Plains ; the Wahsatch and Uintah Mountains ; the wild ana 
weird Echo and Weber Canons ; the Great Salt Lake and its Mormon 
City, surrounffed by lofty mountains, rivers tilled with trout, hunting, 
erounds, medicinal springs, etc.; the Humboldt Sink; the Sierra Nevadas- 
tne Palisades ; the beautiful mountain lakes of Tahoe and Donner, and 
the passage of Cape Horn ; making a two thousand mile panorama of 
unequalled grandeur and beauty. 

Through Tickets for sale by F. KNOWLAND, General Agent, No. 
287 Broadway, New York, and at all principal ticket offices in the country 
Members of Colonies and Excursion Parties should address the General 
Ticket Agent for rates and arrangements. 

THOS. L. KIMBALL, 

Gen'l Ticket Agent, U. P. R. K., Omaha 

T. H. GOODMAN, 

G. P. A., C. P. R. R.,Saii Francitco 
[SEE NEXT PAGE.l 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 
THE 

Unio7i & Central Pacific Line, 

TRIP AROUND THE WORLD. 



From ATLANTIC CITIES to OMAHA, (Nebraska), via the Great 
Trunk Lines of Railway,— about 1,400 miles, in 50 hours. 

From OMAHA to SAN FRANCISCO, (California), via Union and 
Central Pacific Railroads.— 1,914 miles, in 4 days and 6 hours. 

From SAN FRANCISCO to YOKOHAMA, (Japan), by Pacifiic MaS 
Line Steamers, and by Australian and American Steamships, 4,700 miles, 
in 22 days. 

From YOKOHAMA to HONG KONG, (China), by Pacific Mail or 
Peninsular and Oriental Steamers, — 1.600 miles, in 6 days. 

From HONG KONG to CALCUTTA, (India), by Peninsular and 
Oriental Steamers, — 3,500 miles, in 14 days. 

Or from San Francisco to Calcutta via Australia, as follows : 

From SAN FRANCISCO to HONOLULU, (Sandwich Islands), by 
United States, New Zealand and Australia Mail Steamship Line, — 3,110 
miles, in 10 days. 

From HONOLULU to AUCKLAND, (New Zealand), by U. S., New 
Zealand and Aus. S, S. Line, — 3,800 miles, in 14 days. 

From AUCKLAND to SYDNEY, (Australia), by U. S., New Zealand 
and Aus. S. S. Lnie, — 1,277 miles, in 5 davs. 

From SYDNEY to MELBOURNE, (Australia), by Peninsular and 
Onental Steamers. — 560 miles, in 3 days. 

From MELBOURNE to GALLE, (Ceylon), by Peninsular and Ori- 
ental Steamers, — 4,670 miles, in 21 days. 

From GALLE to CALCUTTA, (India), by Peninsular and Oriental 
"Steamers, — 1,315 miles, in 7 days. 

From CALCUTTA to BOMBAY, (India), by the East Indian and 
Great Indian Peninsular Railways, — 1,400 miles, m 2 days. 

From BOMBAY to SUEZ, (Egypt), by Penmsular and Oriental 
Steamers, — 3,600 miles, in 14 days. 

From SUEZ to ALEXANDRIA, (Egypt), by Rail along the Sum 
Canal, — 225 miles, in 12 hours. 

From ALEXANDRIA to BRINDISI, (Italy), by Peninsular and 
Oriental Steamers, — 850 miles, in 3 days. 

F;rom BRINDISI to LONDON, (England), by Rail, via Paris or the 
Rhine, — 1,200 miles, in 3 days. 

From LONDON to LIVERPOOL, (England), by Railway,— aoo 
miles, in 5 hours. 

From LIVERPOOL to ATLANTIC CITIES, (America), by either o^: 
the Great Atlantic S. S. Lines, — 3,000 miles, in 10 days. 

Total distance, 23, 589 miles. Time, 81 days. 

OFFICES: 

No. 287 Broadway, New York. 

Cor. 4/// &* Townsend Sis., San Francisco ; and 

Gtneral Foreign Agency, W. C. THOMPSON, 

22 Moorgate St., London. 

'SEE PRECEDING PAGE.] 



SHORT- TRIP O JJIBB.- ANNO JTNGEMENTS. 

THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD 

IS THE GREAT 

TRUNK LINE AND MAIL ROUTE 

OF THE UNITED STATES. 

IT TRAVERSES the most interesting portions of the North Ameri- 
can Continent, and unites by unbroken tracks all the orincipal cities on 
the Atlantic Coast, on the Great Lakes, and in the Mississippi Valley. 

THROUGH TRAINS 

are run over its lines between New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore and 
Washington, in the East, and Buffalo, Rochester, Erie, Cleveland, 
Detroit, Chicago, St. Louis, Cincinnati, and Louisville, in the North, 
West, and South-west. 



THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD 

IS THE 

Best Constructed Railway on the 
American Continent. 

ITS MAIN LINES are laid with a DOUBLE TRACK OF STEEL 
RAILS, secured on Oak Ties imbedded in broken-stone ballast, which 
renders them impervious to the action of frosts or freshets, and prevents 
annoyance from dust. All bridges are of iron or stone, constructed on 
the best known principles for safety and durability. 



THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD 

RUNS THE 
MOST PKRFECT ROLLING STOCK IN THE WORLD 

ITS ENGINES are models of mechanical excellence, and its passen- 
ger cars are unequalled for comfort, elegance, and strength. Suphrior 
Hotels and Eating Houses are provided at all essential points, which, 
from their excellence of management and reasonable charges, have 
become the model establishments of their kind. 



THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD 

ENFORCES UPON ALL ITS EMPLOYES 

STRICT COURTESV AND POLITENESS, 

IN THEIR INTERCOURSE with the public, and uses every effort to« 
secure the comfort and contribute to the enjoyment of its patrons. 



SHORT-TRIP G UIDE.— ANNO UNCEMENfS. 
THE 

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 

AND 

GREAT NATIONAL ROUTE, 

THE SHORTEST ROUTE 

FROM 

BALTIMORE AND WASHINGTON 

TO 

Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Columbus, Chicago, Indianap- 
olis, St. Louis, Kansas City, St. Joseph, Omaha, 
San Francisco, Louisville, Nashville, Mem- 
phis, Vicksburg, New Orleans, Mobile, 
Galveston, and all the leading cities 
of the 
West, South-West and the North- West. 

Route passes through splendid scenery of the Allegheny 
Mountains, West Virginia, Ohio, &^c. 



DOUBLE-TRACK, STEEL-RAIL AND STONE-BAL- 
LASTED ROAD. 



Magnificent Day Passenger Cars and Pullman Draw- 

ing-Room Day and Sleeping Coaches, through 

to Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis, 

without chanjre. 



Great Public Thoroughfare between the South-East and 

West. 



L. M. COLE, Genl Ticket Agfc. 

E. E. rORSEY, Asst. Q. T. A. 

BALTIMORE. 



THOS. P. BASEY, 

Western Pass. Agt, 
Cincinnati. 



A. L. M ELLEN, Gen' I New York Passenger Agent, 

315 Broadway, N'ew York 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

mm & KOETH-WISTIPJ EAILf AY 

limbraces, under one management, the Great Truuk Railway Lines of 
the 

And with its numerous branches and connections, forms the 

SHORTEST AND QUICKEST ROUTE 

BETWEEN 

OHIO A.GO 

AND ALL POINTS IN 

ILLINOIS, "WISCONSIN, NORTHERN MICHIGAN, 
MINNESOTA, lOVS'A, NEBRASKA, 

CALIFORNIA., 

AND THE WESTERN TERRITORIES. 
SAN FRANCISCO, SACRAMENTO, OGDEN, 
Salt Lake City, Cedar Rapids, Duluth, Stevens Point, 

Cheyenne, Waterloo, Marquette, Sheboygan, 

Denver. Fort Dodge, L'Anse, Oshko-h, 

Omaha, Dubuque, Ishpeniing, Watertoivn, 

Council Bluffs, La Cnsse, Negaunee, Fond du Lac, 

Yankion, Pra. du Chien, Fscanaba, Madison, 

Sioux Citv, Winona, Green Bay, MiLvaukee, 

Mi'ineapolis, St. Paul, iMcnasba, Ripon, 

Are on the line of thi". Great Road, or are reached by this Route with 
less Changes of Cars than by any other. 

The Traveling Public pi'onounce this THE FAVORITE 
ROUTE to 

COXJISrCIL BLUFFS, OMAHA, 

SALT LAKE CITY. KELTON. ELKO, SACRAMENTO, SAN 

FRANCISCO, and all points in tlie TERRITORIES 

and on the PACIFIC COAST. 

This is the Only Lif^e v/hich runs Pullman Palace Cars and Superb 

Cortc/iif J from CHICAGO via Dixon. Clinton and Cedar 

Rapids lo COUNCIL BLU FFS and OMAHA 

Will out Change of Cars, 

And connec's with the UNION PACIFIC R. R. for CHEYENNE, 

DENVER, OGDEN, ar]d all points on the Pacific Coast. 

IT IS THE SHORTEST AND BEST ROUTE. 

New York Office : No. 415 Broadway. Boston Office : No. 5 State St. 
Chicago Tick t Offices: 62 Clark St., under Sherman House; Cor. 
Caniil and Madison Sts. ; Kinzie St. Depot, cor. W. Kinzie and Canal 
Sts. ; Wells St. Depot, cor. Wells and Kinzie Sts. 

Tickets river this Route are sold by all Ticket Agents in all Coupon 
Ticket Offices in the United States and the Canadas. 

MARVIN HUGHITT, W. H. STENNETT, 

Gen'l Superintendent. Gen'l Pass. Agent. 



*7i OR T- TRIP UIDE — A NNO UNCEMENTS, 

HICAM & SORTH-WE! 

THE TRANS-CONTINENTAL ROUTE, ETC. ■ 

This great corporation now operates over two thousand (2,000) miles 
ot i;s y7y«roa(i. With one line it reaches MILWAUKEE, FOKD DU 
LAC, tjKKEN BAY and MAROUttTTE. Witti another it runs 
through MADISOiN, ELROY, and to ST. PAUL and MINNEAP- 
OLTb. Anotner of its lines stretches far across I'iinoi'^, iv'isconsin. 
Minnesota. a:nd terminates in ("entral Dakota. Ftill another runs from 
Chicago tlirovgh ELGIN and ROC KFoRD to FREE PORl, and with 
connections tiierc tor Galena, Dubuque, cic. Still another line cf this 
corporation runs nrr hw.ardly through JANESMLLE, FOKT AT- 
KL'vSON, WATERTOWiN, to Fond du Lac, and beyond. However, 
.'he srrfaiest and most important of the lines of this Company, is their 
Omaha and California line, or, as it is called, 

'^ THE TRANS-CONTINENTAL ROUTE." 

This is the Pioneer iine between Chicago and the Pacific Coast, and 
was the first to connrct with the great Pacific roads, and form the 
OVERLAND ROUTK. This line is the shortest rail line between 
Chicago and Omaha; the track isot the best steel rril. /ill the appoint- 
ments arc first-class in every respect. The trains arc made up of 
-elegant new Pullman Palace Drav/ingr Room and Sleepinr; Coaches, 
.uxurious. well-lighted and well ventilated Dav Coaches, ".nd pleasant 
\ounging and smoking cars. The lars are .ill cquippcl with the cele- 
\)rated Miller Safetv Platform, and patent Buffers and C'jtiplings. West- 
inghou<e Safely Air Brakes, and every other appliance that has been 
devised for the saietv of passenger trains. All trains uu run by tele- 
graph. In a word, this 

GREAT CALIFORNIA LINE 

has the best and smoothest track, and the most elegant and comfortable 
equipment of any road in the West ; and has no competitor in the coun- 
try. 

All agents will sell tickets by this route. 

Oil the arrival of trains from the East or South, the trains of the ChI' 
CAG . & North- Western R.mlv/ay leave Cliicnrjo ac follows : 

For Council Bluffs, Omaha end California, Two through trains daily, 
with Piillinim Palace Drawing Room and Sloepinc Cars througli to Coun- 
cil Bluffs For St. Paul and Minnei^polis, Two throuch trains daily, with 
Pullman PiliiceCars attached to both trains. For Grepn Bay and Lake 
Superior, Two trains daily, with Piilim;in Palace C;:rs utincbed. and run- 
ninn- through to Jliirqnette. For Milwaukee, Four through trains daily, 
Pullman Cars on niuht, train's. For Winona and points in Minnesota, 
One through train rtnilv. For Dubuque, via Freenort. Two through 
trains daily, with Pu'lman Cihb on nisht tr><ins. For Dubuque and La 
Crosse, via Clin on. Two through trains d:!ilv, with Pullmsin Cars on 
night trains. For '^inux City and Tanljton.Two trains dully; Pullman 
Cars to Missouri VaMey .Junction. For J,ake fieneva. Four trains daily. 
For Rockford. Sterling, Kenosha, Janesville, and other points, from Two 
to Ton trains daily. 

MARVIN HUGHITT, W. H. STENNETT, 

Gen'l Superintendent Gen'l Pass. Agent. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

Clieagft, M Island k Pacific RailFoai 

OR 

"GREAT OVERLAND ROUTE." 



FORMS THE 



CONNECTING LINK OF PACIFIC RAILWAYS 



Chicago and San Francisco. 



EUROPEANS, 

ike the Overland Trip to th( 
: particular and secure their t 

ROCK ISLAND ROUTE: 



when deciding to make the Overland Trip to the PACIFIC COAST, 
should be particular and secure their tickets via 



THE MOST MAGNIFICENT 

PALACE DAY AND SLEEPING CARRIAGES 

IN THE UNITED STA TES, 
ARE FOUND ON THIS LINE.. 



A. M. SMITH, Gen'l Pass. Agt. HUGH RIDDLE, Gea'l StipL 

JOHN T. SANFORD, 

Gen'l Eastern Agent, 257 BROAD \A/^AY, N. Y. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

HOW TO GO AVEST! 

TAKE THE 

CHICA&O, BURLIETON & QUINGY R. R. 

THE FAVORITE ROUTE 

To ALL POINTS in the WEST and SOUTH- 
AA/EST. The ONLY LINE between 

CHICAGO AND OMAHA 

punning PULLMAN'S DINING CARS, PAL- 
ATIAL DINING AND BREAKFASTING 
SALOONS ON WHEELS. 

Sumptuous Meals for 75 cents, at thirty miles per hour, is the travel- 
ing climax of this progressive age, introducing novelty, and adding pleas- 
ure as well as comtorc to the usual tedium of a long journey. 

THROUGH DAY and SLEEPING COACHES by this route, with- 
out chansre, BETWJiEN CHICAGO and OiMAHA and CHICAGO and 
KANSAS CIT\^ 

TRAVELERS destined to Burlington, Council Bluffs, Ojnaha, Lin- 
coln, Denver. Salt Lake, Sacramento, San Franrisco. Qtiincy, Hannibal, 
St. Joseph, Atchisun, Leavenworth, Lawrence. Kansas Citv, Topeka., or 
points in the Indian Territory and Texas, should consult 'heir safety, 
comfort and nleasure. by nrocuring their tickets via C. B. <& Q, ("THE 
BURLINGTON ROUTE,") for sale at all ticket offices. 

For rates on Freight and further information, apply at the Company's 
Offices : 

BOSTON— 76 Washington Street. 

NEW YORK— 317 Broadway. 

CHICAGO — 59 South Clark Street, and Union Depot. 

LIVERPOOL, England— 16 South Castle Street. 

LONDON, " — 13 Queen Victoria Street. 

ROBERT HARRIS, D. W. HITCHCOCK, 

Gen I Supt. , Chicago.. Gen' I Pass. Agent, Chicago. 

E. P. RIPLEY, Gen I Eastern Agent, Boston.. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

Illinois Central Railroad. 

This is the ONLY DIRECT ROUTE from 

CHICAGO TO NEW ORLEANS, 

and is the only route runniug Through Cars between those points 

It is from looto 175 miles shorter, and from 12 to 24 hours quicker than 
any other route. 

At NEW ORLEANS Connections are made for 

H/.Y/NA, CUBA, MEXICO /ND TEX/S. 

This is also the Direct Route, WITHOUT CHANGE OF CARS, from 

CHICAGO TO ST. LOUIS, 

Connecting at St. Louis for all parts of KANSAS, COLORADO, 
ARKANSAS and TEXAS. 

This Company also operate a line from 

CHICAGO VIA DUBUQUE to SIOUX CITY 

ON THE MISSOURI RIVER. 

It is the shortest route and the only one running through trains 
between tho&e points. 

Connection^ are made at Sioux Citv for YANKTON AND ALL 
PAKTi OF D.-KKOTA TERRITORY, including the celebrated 
BLACK HILLS. .Also, for all GOVERNMENT POSTS on the 
Upper Missouri River. 

Drazving Room Sleeping Cars rim through from Chicago to 

St. Louis, Springfield, Cairo, New Orleans, 

Dubuque and Sioux City. 

All trains leave Chicago from the Central Depot, foot of Lake Street, 
TicketOffice. i2t Randolph Street. Through Tickets bv thisline cun be 
obtained at all of the principal ticket offices throughout the United States 
and Canadas. 

W. p. JOHNSON, J. F. TUCKER, 

.Gcn'l Passenger Ag't, Chicago*. Gen'l Sup't, Chicago. 

JNO. J. SPROULL, Gen'l Ag't, 

Q Astor House, New York. 



SSORT-TRIP QUIDK— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

CHICAGO, MILWAUKEE AND ST. PAUL 

RAILV/AY. 



THE GREAT THROUGH LINE BETWEEN 

CHICAGO, 

NEW -YORK, 

NEW ENGLAND, 

THE CANADAS,- 

AND 

All Eastern and. Southern Points, 

AND THE GREAT NORTHWEST. 

Connecting in Chicago witli all Eastern and Southern Lines. 

CHICAGO L'EPOT:— Corner Canal and West Madison Streets. 
Horse Cars and Stage Lines for all parts of the City constantly- 
passing. 

CHICAGO CITY OFFICES :—6i and 63 Clark St. 

THE ONLY THROUGH LINE BETWEEN 

CHICAGO, MILWAUKEE, ST. P/UL & MINNEAPOLIS. 

It traverses a finer country, with grander scenery, and passes through 
TOore business centres and pleasure resorts, than any other Northwest- 
ern Line. Is the only Railway Line 

ALONG THE VALLEY OF 

THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER, 

And the Shore of Lake Pepin. 

Also, via Madison, Pr-airie du Chien, McGregor, Austin 

and Ovvatonna, 
THUS MAKING TWO THROUGH LINES TO ST. PAUL AND 
MINNEAPOLIS. 
^T" Connecting at St. Paul and Minneapolis with the several lines . 
centering at those points. 
ST. PAUL DEPOT :— Cor. of Jackson and Levee. 
CITY OFFICE :— 118 East Jackson Street, corner of Third Street. 

A. V. H. CARPENTER, 

Gen. Pass, and Ticket Agent, Milwaukee. 



SHORT- TRIP Q UIDE.—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 
To the Tourist, Traveler and Pleasure Seeker. 

EXCURSION SEASON of 1875 
VIA NIAGARA FALLS, 

LAKE ONTARIO AND RAPIDS OF THE ST. 
LAWRENCE, 

To Montreal, Quebec, River Saguenay, Ha Ha Bay, 
White Mountains, Profile and Crawford Houses, Lake 
Champlain, Lake George, Saratoga, Portland, Lake 
Memphremagog, Boston, Newport, Albany, Hudson 
River, &c., &c„ 
Via Grand Trunk Railway and Royal Mail 
Line of Steamers, 

AND THEIR CONNECTIONS. 

sr^S^ This Route possesses peculiar advantages, as by it parties have 
m^S their choice of conveyance between NIAGARA FALLS and 
<3UEBEC, over the whole or any portion of it, without being obliged 
to decide when purchasing their Tickets. Consequently, should the 
weather prove unfavorable, passengers may avoid Lake Ontario by 
taking the Grand Trunk Railway to Kingston, and from thence by one 
of the above steamers, making close connections. The Grand Trunk 
Railway, and also the Canadian Navigation Company's line of steamers 
otfer better inducements to the traveling public than ever before. The 
Grand Trunk Railway has been relaid with the finest STEEL RAILS, 
and been equipped with New Locomotives and First Class Cars ; and 
the Grand Trunk Railway is now furnished with the very latest improved 
PULLMAN PALACE CARS. Between Toronto and Montreal, Mon- 
treal and Quebec, Quebec and Riviere du Loup, Pullman's Palace Cars 
are run on both day and night trains. 

Favorite Steamers on the Royal Mail Line, with every comfort, and 
modern convenience. 

Pullman Palace Cars will run direct from Niagara Falls to Toronto 
and Kingston, without change ; arriving at Kingston in the evening, 
giving Tourists a night's rest, and allowinir them to take Day Boatdown 
the Lake, through the Thousand Islands, &c., by daylight. 

Excursion Tickets, Round Trip, at greatly reduced rates, 
for upwards of one hundred different routes, for sale at all 
the principal Hotels and Ticket Offices in New York, Phila- 
■delphia, Baltimore, &c., and at the General Agency of the 
Grand Trunk Railway, No. 175 Broadway, New York. 

EDWD P. BEACH, Gen I Agent, 

175 Broadway, New York. 
I. F. Hicks, Passenger Agent, 

175 Broadwaj', New York. 



QEORT-TBIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

STONINGTON LINE 

. TO NEW YORK, 

PHILADELPHIA, BALTIMORE, AATASHINOTON, 
And. all points South and. "West, 
Via PROVIDENCE & STONINGTON, Avoiding POINT JUDITH. 
STEAMBOAT EXPRESS TRAIN will leave Boston and Providence 
Railroad Station, Park Square and Columbus Avenue, at 5.30 P. M., 
connecting at Stonington with the newly-fitted, staunch and elegant 
Steamers 

"NARRAGANSETT," Capt. Ray Allen, 

AND 

"STONIlSfGTON," Capt. Jesse Mott, 
And with the magnificent new Steamer 

" RHODE ISLAND," Capt. W. M. Jones, 
justly styled the "Queen of the Sound," — arriving at Stonington at 9 
P. M., and at Pier 33, North River, foot of Jay St.,N. Y., at 6 A.M. 
NOT A TRIP MISSED IN SEVEN YEARS. 
Reclining Chair Cars on Steamboat Train, furnished with Lap Robes 
for the Comfort of Passengers. 

Trains equipped with the celebrated Miller Platform and Westing- 
house Air Brake. 

SHORE LINE, 

VIA 

PROVIDENCE, NEW LONDON and NEV/ HAVEN, 

TO 



NE^A^ YORK, 



Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington, and all points 
South and West. 

Two Daily Trains leave from the Boston and Providence Railroad 
Station, corner Park Square and Columbus Avenue, at 11.45 A. M., and 
9.30 P.M. 

Sunday Night Mail at 9- Jo P. M. 

Wagner's Drawing Room Cars on all Day Trains, and Sleeping Cars 
on all Night Trains. 

Through Tickets, Berths and Chairs can be secured at the Boston and 
Providence Railroad Station. 



The Terminal Point of these Lines in Boston, is at the splendid and 
palatial new station of "The Boston and Providence R. R. Corporation," 
K structure pronounced to be, by most experienced travellers and con- 
noisseurs of architecture, unsurpassed in elegance and convenience by 
any extant R. R. station in the world, and daily visited and inspected 
by admiring crowds. 



SHORT-TRIP G UIDE—ANNO UN CEMENTS. 



FALL RIVER LINE 

JBOSTOJsr ^ JSTE^V YORK:. 

The Popular Route. 

PROVIDEKCE&BRISTOL 

Nighily Concerts by 

HALL'S CELEBRft-TEO Um. 

Trains leave Old Colony R.R, 
Depot, corner Jti.ii'-elatul, and 
tioutli .SIS., U;iiiy, ^undays 
excepted, at 4.30 and JJ.SO 
P.JtJ.; on Sundays, June 27th 
to August ^glh, inclusive, at 
*>.30 -F, M., — connecting at 
Fall River with the world-re- 
nowned Steamers Jiltll^IOli 
,i„a yROVIHENCE, 40 
to (iO inilis leas rail than 
I'ia. all oilier Soittul Z.ine8, 
Passengers leaving Boston at 
5.30 J^. M. arrive on the Boat 
at 7 P. M., thereby avoiding 
ctianging from the Cars to the 
Boat at nearly midnight, as is 
incident to other Lines. 

The Old Colony R. R. Co. 
have completed and will this 
season run on their Steamboat 
'I rains between Boston. Fall 
River and Newport, the finest 

PARLOR CARS 

in America. Weslinghouse Air 
Brake, Miller Platform, &c. 

Tickets. State Rooms, Berths, 
and all further information, 
may be obtained at the Office 
of the Line, No. 3 Old State 
House, or at Old Colony R. R^ 
Depot. 

L. H. PALMER, 

Ticket Agent., 

J. R. KENDRICK, Supt. O. C. R. R. 3 Old State House. 




SHORT- TRIP O OlDE. —ANNO UNCFjMENTS. 




PEOPLE'S LINE 

OF 

STEAMERS 

BETWEEN 

New York and Albany, 

Rooms heated by steam during^ 
the cool months. 

New York to Albany^ 
STEAMERS 



DREW, 

Capt. S. J. Eoe, 

Monday, 

Wednesday, 

Friday, 



ST. JOHN, 

Capt, T. D, Christopher 

Tuesday, 
Thursday, 
Saturday, 



From Pier 41, North River, 

(Near Jersey Citj Ferry, Desbrosses Street.) 

AT 6:00 P. M. 
Connecting with Trains of New 
Yori£ Central, Albany & Susque- 
hanna. Rensselaer & Saratoga, and 
Boston & Albany Railways; and 
Lake Champlain Steamers. 

J^^ TicKnT.-, at the Office on the 
Wharf; also at Dodd's Express Of- 
fices, 944 Broadway, New York, and 
No. I Court Street, Brooklyn. 

i^"" Passengers leaving Wash- 
ington at 8.00 A. M., Baltimore at 
0.25 A. M., Philadelphia at i.jo 
P.M., arrive in New York at 5.15 
P. M., in time to connect as above, 

Albany to New York, 
STEAMERS 



ST. JOHN, 

Capt. T. D. Christopher 

Monday, 

Wednesday, 

Friday, 



DREW, 

Capt. S. J. Rse, 

Tuesday, 

Thursday , 
Saturday, 
From Steamboat Landing, 
AT 8:15 P.M., 
On arrival of Trains from North 

and West. 
Cars from Sarat'>ga and the North 
go to the boats. 
{^"Tickets to Philadelphia, Bal- 
timore, and Washington City, for 
sale on the Boats. 

Hudson River Railroad Tickets 
taken for passage, including State- 
Room Ber^h^ ^ HEWITT, 

' Gen. lUktt A cent. 



SHORT TRIP a UIDE.—ANNO VNCEMENTS. 

AFTERNOON BOAT 

FROM 

NEW YORK TO WEST POINT, HEWBOIiG, POOGHKEEPSIE, 

RONDOUT AND KINGSTON. 




THK SPLENDID AND FAVORITE STEAMER 

A4AR Y POWELL 

Leaves New York, every afternoon at 3.30, from VESTRY 
STREET PIER, for WEST POINT, NEWBURG, 
POUGHKEEPSIE, RONDOUT and KINGSTON; 
landing at CORNWALL, MILTON, and other popular 
places ; passing 

Through the Highlands by Daylight, 

and afTording unequalled facilities for reaching the places 
named, and enjoying the noble scenery of the Hudson. 

m^^This always magnificent Steamer, just refitted at great 
cost, and with large additional power, is now the type 

FLOATING PALACE OF AMERICAN ElVEES 

Returning, leaves Rondout every morning at 5.30 A. M., 
reaching New York at rp.30. 



SHORT- TRIP G DWE--AJ!fNO UNUEMENT8. 




1875. 



HUDSON RIVER 
DAYLIGHT. 



Albany and New York 

DAY LINE 

OF 

STEAMBOATS, 

" C. VIBBARD," 
" DANIEL DREW," 

AND 

''ARMENIA," 

f-Ben-nii, LEAVING NEW YORK 

^>^^. 'FROM FOOT OF VESTRY ST., 

Pier 39 Nortli River, 
AND ALBANY 

'^^^^ftj,iiiugie\ FROM FOOT OF HAMILTON ST. 

fhatha-m 4 CoTsi DAILY, SUNDAYS EXCEPTED, 

Ilsi^^^fei''^ ^ii \lMj^-^ \(-Fffr ///«<•, see New York daily 

ySg^'^'^'"^^^'''^'^'^^- fapers.) 

^ eiascodm3'ivdl'i\ I / 

^^- "'■" \ . I ? Landing at tho PriteiFal Points on tha 

Hudson EivcT. 

Affords the best mode of cnjoying^ 

THE USSURPASSED SCENERY, 

And of reaching the 

Catskili. Mountai.v House, 

Sharon & aratoca Si'Kmr;s, 
And all points North and West. 

ISAAC L. WELs.I. 

General Tirket Agent, 

Nk,w York. 



AMERICAN HOTELS 



SHORT- TRIP Q UIDE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 




BREATOOm^ HOUSE. 

NEW YORK. 



This Trell 
Street, neii] 
(lombining 
to all parts 
EuropeiiDS 
being such 
habits. 



-known Hotel is located on Fifth Avenue, corner of Eitrbtb 
r Wfishingtou Square, one of the moBt delightful locationB, 
the quiet letirement of a private mansion with easy accesi 
of the city. The Brevoort has always been a favorite with 
visiting tlie United States ; the plan upon which it is kept 
as to Bpeclally commend it to those accuBtomed to Kuropeun 



SHORT-TRIP QVIDK— ANNOUNUtLMENlH. 




Grand Central Hotel, 

Broad\A^ay, opposite Bond Street, 

NEW YORK CITY. 



H. L T»OW^KRS, l^voprietor. 



Oie of the largest, most eligibly located, and handsomest furnished 
Hotels in America. Passenger Lift, Grand Exchange, Telegraph Office. 
Carriages on call, and every modern convenience. ' 

TERMS : only $ t tx) to $4.00 per day, according to location. 



anORT-TRIP O UIDE.—AKNO UNCEMENTS. 



o-> <-, 



VERETT ^OUSB, 



Union Sqviare, 



'^^ 



KBRNEER A WEAVER, Proprietors,' 



(?iV T/f£ EUROPEAN PLAN. 



I^LARENDON ^OTEL, 



4TH Avenue, corner East i8th Street, 



C. H. KKRTsrER, Proprietor. 



TABLE D'HOTB. 



SHORT- TRIP G UIDE.—ANNO UNCEMENT8. 

ST. CLOUD HOTEL, 

Broadivay 8p Forty-second Street, 

New York City. 



RA-ND BROTHERS, Proprietors. 



One of the most handsomely located Hotels in the 
City, in the immediate vicinity of Reservoir Square, and but 
three blocks from the Grand Central Depot. Is elegantly 
furnished, with elevator and all modern conveniences. 

MEALS ON THE EUROPEAN PLAN. 

EARLE'S HOTEL, 

Comer Canal ^ Centre Streets, 

Wear Broadway.) 'N'E'W '^OPtlC, 



First-class accommodation for 400 guests. Acknowledged 
the best Hotel in the City for the price. 

BOARD, $3.00 PER DAY. 



Newly and handsomely furnished and decorated. Located 
convenient to business and places of amusement. Contains 
a.first-class Billiard Room. 

(^ars from all Depots pass the door. 

EARLE BRO'S, Proprietors. 



SHORT- TiilV G UIJiE. — ANAO UWCEMEU TS. 




THE 



CONTINENTAL HOTEL 

PHILADELPHIA. 



f. E. KINGS LEY & uO.. Proprietors, 



One of the largest and most magnificent Hotels in 
America, located on 

CHESTNUT ST., COR. NINTH, 

At the actual centre of the city and convenient to places 
©f amusement and all points of interest. Has 500 rooms ; 
passenger elevator ; two great lines of telegraph to all 
points ; every variety of carriage facility ; is passed by 
street cars, and offers every attraction, alike for the hurried 
visits of the tourist or for more leisurely residence. 



SHOLi T- TRLB Q UIDE.—ANA'O UNVEMENTS. 




LA PIERRE HOUSE, 

BROAD ST., NEAR CHESTNUT, PHILADELPHIA. 
J. B BUTTER WORTH, Proprietor. 

y~ Passcn^fcr Lift, Telegraph Office, and all modern improvemeots 

and luxuries. 



MOUNT VERNON HOTEL, 

8i West Monument Street, 

BALTIMORE. / 



Conducted on iJie European Plan. 



This superb edifice, located in the most fashionable 
part of the city, is now open for the reception of guests. 
Its appointments are of the most approved character, 
and the tables are supplied with every luxury this and 
foreign markets afford. It has heretofore been patron- 
ized extensively by European travellers, as well as bjr 
•Tien of eminence and distinction of this country. 

E. V. WESTCO'IT, Proprietor. 



SHORT- TRIP G UIDE—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



1776. CENTENNIAL 1876. 



WASHINGTON HOTEL, 

Seventh and Chestnut Streets. 

PHILADELPHIA. 



BOLTON'S HOTEL, 

HARRISBURG, PA. 



COLUMBIA HOUSE, 

CAPE MAY, N. J. 



GrEO. J. BOLTON", Proprietor. 

UNITED STATES HOTEL, 

NEW JERSEY. 



BCO'WILiA.N'ID, Mianager, 
Late of the Howland House, Long Branch. 



One of the largest, most admirably situated and commod- 
ious Hotels on the coast. Will be conducted under the new 
management, in the light of long experience, with reference 
alike to the comforts of Resident Families and the demands 
of Visitors making less extended sojourn. 



SHORT- TRIP [TIDE. —ANNO UNCEMBNTH. 

HOWLAND'S HOTEL. 

Long Branch, N. J. 



CO[|LIES k SLOCUM, Managers. 

One of the oldest established houses on the Long 
Branch shore ; recently rebuilt with all modern im- 
provements ; and for many years 

Ji F1I|ST FAYOI\ITE>S A FAMILY HOTEL. 

Coaches at all Trains during the Season. 



PAVILION HOTEL, 

Long Branch, N. J. 



SAMUEL C. MORRIS, Proprietor. 



This House is situated on the margin of the Atlan- 
tic Ocean, embracing a front of over two hundred 
and fifty feet. 

Families wishing to spend the season at a watering 
place can be accommodated in the most comfortable 
manner and on moderate terms. 

Particular attention paid to the comfort of Ladies. 



COACHES AT ALL TRAINS. 



SHORT. TRIP UIDE—ANNO UNOEMEKTS. 

STANWIX HALL, 

ALBANY, NEW YORK. 



iD:E:i-.A.v,A.isr i=»:e:ck:, I'IIOI'hieztok,. 



Large and commodious hotel, situated on Broadway, near the railroad 

stations and steamboat landings, and within a very 

short distance of the Capitol and other 

public buildings. 



TRE STAjYWIX 

has the reputation, acquired through many years of careful attentioa 
and extensive patronage, of being the 

BEST HOTEL OF ALBANY. 



THOMPSON'S PAVILION, 

HIGHLANDS OF HAVESINK, NEW JERSEY. 



(J^" One of the favorite summer houses of the coast, for 
many years— standing on the edge of the great bluffs of the 
Navesink Highlands^ commanding full views of river and 
sea, and immediately at the steamboat landing and opposite 
the N. J. Southern railroad station. 

^^ Fine rides in the neighborhood, and surf and river, 
bathing at readiest convenience. 

THOMPSON & WALLING, Prop'rs. 



mOET-TRlP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

COZZENS' HOTEL, 

West Point. N. Y. 



EDWARD COZZENS, Proprietor. 



Coaches will await the arrival of every Train and Steam- 
boat AT COZZENS' Dock to convey Passengers 
TO THE Hotel 

Passengers via Hudson River R. R. should stop at 

GARRISON'S STATION, 

AND TAKE FERRY BOAT TO COZZENS' LANDING. 



SPECIAL XERIMS 

Offered to Families taking Rooms for a Term of Weeks, 

KITTATINNY HOUSE, 

Delaware Water-Gap. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

The original and favorite house at the Water-Gap, with a 
charming location, every comfort and convenience, and a 
summer list of visitors averaging three thousand. 



WATER-GAP HOUSE. 

More modern house, erected in 1872, on ground still 
higher than the Kittatinny, and commanding unequalleid 
ricws of the fine natural scenery of the Gap. 

L. W. BRODHEAD <&• BRO„ Proprietors. 



SHORT- TRIP Q UIDE — ANNO UNGEMENTS. 

WILLARD'S HOTEL, 

^VASHINGTON, D. C. 



JOHN IT, OAKK, Proprietor. 



The above Hotel, the largest at the National Capital, has 
been REHABILITATED and refitted throughout in the 
most elegant manner. 

A SAFETY ELEVATOR has been introduced, FIFTY 
PRIVATE BATH-ROOMS added ; the bedding, uphol- 
ster)', furniture and equipment are entirely new, and were 
ordered expressly for this Hotel, costing over $200,000. 



UNDER THE SAME MANAGEMENT, 

CONGRESS HALL, 

CAPE MAY, 

NEW JERSEY. 



JOHN m. CACKLE, Proprietor. 



Confess Hall is situated on the highest point of land in 
Cape May, with the Finest Lawn on the Atlantic Coast, con- 
taining Six Acres. It is furnished throughout with Walnut; 
Gas in every room. 

The Piazzas are twenty-five feet in width, with balconies 
from second story. 

The Hotel has accommodations for ONE THOUSAND 
GUESTS.^ :- - - 

OPEiir jun-e: 7th. 

TERMS; $4.50 Per Day. 



SHOE T- TRIP G UIDB. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

Port W illiam Henry Hotel, 

LAKB GEORGE. 



This magnificent house is located at the most 
beautiful spot on the shore of " Horicon" (the site 
of old Fort William Henry) ; is fitted with all modern 
conveniences, and has accommodations for nine hun- 
dred persons. 

OPE'ISr JITN-K 1st. 
Special Terms made with Families for the Season. 



IN CONNECTION, 



THE ARLINGTON, 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 

Admitted to be the most thoroughly enjoyable of 
all the hotels of the National Metropolis, in location, 
arrangement and management. 

T. ROESSLE & SON, 

Owners and Proprietors. 



SHORT-TRIP G UIDE.—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

AMERICAN HOUSE, 

BOSTON, MASS. 

Lewis Rice & Son, Proprietors. 




The largest First Class Hotel in New England. 



Centrally located on Hanover Street. 

Convenient to the Railroads, Theatres, Post Office, and the 
great Business Centre of Boston. The American House con- 
tains 400 Apartments and 50 Suites of Rooms, with all con- 
veniences and modern improvements. Bath-Rooms and 
Water Conveniences adjoin the Apartments. Billiard 
Halls, Telegraph Office, and a Cafe, are connected with 
the Hotel, which is noted throughout the States for Clean- 
liness and Comfort. 

Tuft's Improved Elevator or Vertical Railw^ay is at 
the Service of Guests from 6.00 a.m. till midnight, affording 
easy access to all the Stories and Rooms in the House. The 
Apartments, with conveniences before named, are particu- 
larly desirable for Families and Summer Travelers. Car- 
riages may be obtained at the Hotel. Families, Tourists, 
and the Traveling Public will find every accommodation and 
comfort at this long-established and favorite house. 

TERMS: $4 PER DAY. 
With bath-room adjoining, $i per day extra. 




MOORE'S HOTEL. 

TRENTON FALLS, 

__^ ISTew York. 

This first-class hotel is located immediately in the neigh- 
borhood of these, the handsomest Falls in America, and 
among the finest in the World ; and from it every facility is 
to be obtained for viewing them to advantage. 

M. MOORE, Proprietor. 



S nOR T- TRIP G UIBE—A NNO UNCEMENTS. 



GRAND SUMMER RESORT. 




GLEN PARK HOTEL 



CONNECTED WITH THE 



MAGNETIC SULPHUI[ SPRINGS HOUSE, 

Vv^atkins Glen, N. Y. 

This Hotel is located more convenient to visit the Glen and other 
attractions, than any other, ani is twice as large and firsc-class in all 
its appointments. Situated on Seneca Lake, at the summit or highest 
point of the Middle States. On, fie direct route from Philadelphia to 
Niagara Fallx. 

^^~ These Springs are effecting wonderful cures of chronic and skin 
diseases, especially all rheumatic complaints. 

Omnibuses or Street Cars from and to the railway depot and steam- 
boat landing. ./ree. Hops at the hotel every week, and parlor enter- 
tainments every evening. 

J^^Send for circulars giving particulars and showing this superior to 
any of the sea-shore resorts. 

E. C. FROST, Proprietor. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 




tiXtsmat .iS^m£:M.-JifFR-i-<>- 



SPENCER HOUSE, 

NIAGARA FALLS. 



OT^TJCK, Proprietor, 



This new Hotel is the only First-Class House at Niagara 

OPEN SUMMER AND V^^INTER. 

In the latter season, the attiactions of Niagara are admitted 
by all tourists to be unequalled at an}^ other season. 

The Spencer is conveniently situated, within one minute 
walk of the Falls and New Suspension Bridge. Furnished 
with all modern improvements, and has ample accommoda- 
tion for 300 guests. 



GUESTS OF THIS HOUSE HAVE NO OMNIBUS FARE TO PAY. 



I 



SHOL T- TliJF a UIDE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

CLIFTON HOUSE, 

NjlaGARa Falls. 

{Canada Side.) 

COLBURN & McOMBER, Proprietors. 



Has advantages over all others, in the unequaled view 
of the Falls and Rapids, to be obtained from the windows 
and piazzas of the Hotel. 

Rooms en suite or singly. Superior accommodations 
for families spending the season. Transient board at 
reasonable terms. Commutation Tickets for passing over 
the New Suspension Bridge, immediately adjoining. 

Attefidance excellent, and rates moderate. 




THE 

Russell House, 

OTTAWA, 



Canada. 



This Hotel is the largest and only first-class house in the city. 
It is fitted, furnished and kept as an unexceptional first-class 
Hotel, combining modern elegance, comfort and economy. It 
has ample accommodation for five hnndred guests, and is delight- 
fully and centrally situated, being in close proximity to the Parlia- 
ment Buildings, the Post Office, and all the points of interest. 




QUEEN'S HOTEL, 

TORONTO, CANADA. 



lVtoG-.A.TV & TVI]Sr:NrB:'X"X\ Proprietors. 



One of the largest and most comfortable Hotels in the Dominion, ad- 
iaceut to the Lake, with fine view. Coolest summer hou^e in Canada. 
Bleeantly furnished. Lawns, Croquet Grounds and Gardens, lor the uso 
of Guests. Patronized by the Governor-General, the Grand Duke Alexis, 
and all first-class of visitors. 



SHORT- TRIP O UIDE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



RossiN House Hotel, 

B O 5 ^23 A^O V S Js. 




TORONTO, CANADA. 
G. P. SHEARS, Proprietor. 



This commodious and admirably located Hotel is finished and fur- 
nished with every regard to comfort and luxury; has hot and cold 
water, with Baths and Closets on each floor. The Parlors and Bed 
Rooms are large and well-ventilated, and arranged for private parties 
and families. Is the coolest summer house in Canada, and thoroughly 
heated by steam in winter. 



CHARGES : 

First Flat, 

Second " - - _ 
Third and Fourth Flats, 


$}.oo per day. 

2.SO " 
2.00 " 



J^" Special arrangements made with families and 

PRIVATE PARTIES. 



NOTE. — Toronto is the Capital of the Province of Ontario, and has 
the best Colleges and Schools, and finest Public Buildings, in Canada. 



SHUll T- TRIP G UIDE—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



ST. LAWRENCE HALL, 




MONTREAL, 



F. GERIKEN, 



Proprietor. 



The St. Lawrence is the largest and most fashion- 
able Hotel in the city ; is patronized by the Govern- 
ment on all public occasions, as well as by H. R. H. 
the Prince of Wales, H. E. the Governor-General, 
and H. I. H. the Grand Duke Alexis. 

It is capable of accommodating comfortably over 
500 people. During the past winter has been painted 
and renovated throughout, and entirely refurnished. 

|^°The proprietor would respectfully solicit a 
continuance of the large English, American, and other 
traveling and resident patronage, so long extended 
to this favorite house. 



SHOE T- TRIP G UIDE — ANNO UN CEMENTS. 

OTTAWA HOTEL, 

MONTREAL. 




C. S. BROWNE, J. Q. PERLEY, 

PROPRIETORS. 

This well known and popular Hotel is situated on St. James Street, the 
principal business street in the city, and is near the Post Office, Banks, 
Theatre, and all the Public Buildings ; and has ample accommodation 
for 4CX) Guests. 

The Ottawa Hotel covers the entire space of ground running between 
St. James and Notre Dame Streets, and has two beautiful fronts. The 
house has been thoroughly REFITTED and FURNISHED, with every 
regard to comfort and luxury — has Hot and Cold Water, with Baths and 
Closets on each floor. The aim has been to make this the most UNEX- 
CEPTIONABLE FIRST-CLASS HOTEL IN JMONTREAL. 

The Proprietors respectfully assure their patrons that no exertions will 
be spared to make this Hotel a comfortable home for the traveling public. 

Coaches will be found at the Railway Depot and Steamboat Landings 
on arrival of the several Trains and Steamers. 

Montreal Telegraph Office in the House. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

BATES HOUSE. 

Jfearly opposite the Depot, 

RUTLAND, Vermont, 



^W. F. PAIO-E, - - - - Proprietor. 

W. M:. X^lKRCBl, Clerk. 



Admirable as a place of summer sojourn, and one of the 
best Dining-Houses in America. 



SARMTOCU^ 




% Surf Bathmg 

Everything 
Delightful 

Moderate Charges. 



"OCKAM/AY 



FMladiAl'phia 

Reference*. 



Forwarded, 
A. S. PLIMPTON, 



PLIMPTON HOUSE, watchhill. 



On the Seashore, 
"WATCII TilLL, R. I. 



Rhode Island. 
(Nxr St*nlBgk«i, C«Ba.| 











GRAND HOTEL, 

Fourblv Street, Central Ave., and Third Street, 
CINCINNATI, OHIO. 



GILMOUR & SONS, Proprietors. 



This magnificent house, opened September 14, 1874, is the 
only first class hotel in the city, conveniently situated, 
elegantly furnished, with fine ventilation, and every modern 
luxury ; accommodates 800 guests, and is a theme of general 
admiration alike with Press and Public. 



SEOR T- TRIP UIDE—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

BURNET HOUSE, 

Cincinnati, Ohio. 



DUNKLEE, SHEARS & CO., Proprietors. 



This popular Hotel, with its unequalled central location, 
has now been thoroughly remodelled and refurnished, with 
new passenger elevators and every modern improvement, 
and is now the 

MOST COMFORTABLE AND CONVENIENT FIRST- 
CLASS HOUSE IN THE CITY. 

TH E 

SCREVEN HOUSE, 

SAVANNAH, GA. 



R. BRADLEY & SON, Proprietors. 



This popular house is now open for the reception of guests, 
and was never so replete with all the attractions which 
have heretofore made it so great a favorite with the traveling 
public. 



SHOR T- TRIP UIDE. —A ]^N0 UN CEMENTS, 




THE 



GRAND PACIFIC HOTEL, 

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, 

U. S. A. 



This magnificent house, one of the largest and handsomest 
in the world, covering an area of 6o,uoo square feet, and 
erected and furnished at an expense of over $3,000,000, is 
now open for the reception of travellers, under new manage- 
ment of old experience, offering all modern conveniences 
and luxuries, and with 

PRICES GRADUATED ACCORDING TO ACCOMMODATION, 

as in many of the leading European Hotels and some of the 
best American. 

JOHN B. DRAKE & CO., 

Proprietors. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



Natural Bridge Hotel, 

ROCKBRIDGE CO., VIRGINIA. 



A. LEAR, Superintendent. 



This commodious and well-situated Hotelis in the immediate neighbor- 
hood of that unparalleled wonder of nature, the NATURAL BRIDGE, 
admitted to be among the grandest of the rock-works of the continent 
and far superior to the world-famed Giant's Causeway of Ireland. 

The Hotel offers comfortable accommodations for loo guests, and offers 
a pleasant Summer Home for families. 

Connections to the Bridge and Hotel, by stage from Goshen Depot of 
the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad ; by stage from Bonsack's, Ohio and 
Mississippi Railroad ; by stage from Gilmore's Mill, Chesapeake and 
Ohio Canal, from Lynchburg and Richmond. 

Pavilion Hotel, 
berkeley springs, 

West Virginia. 



A. R. POTTS, Manager. 



The Pavilion is the leading house of this old and justly celebrated 
Bathing and Watering Place ; is laige, commodious and well kept, and 
supplies the 

PLE/SjlNTEST SUMMER RESORT Ifi^YIRGINl/. 

g^~ The most extensive and perfectly arranged Medicinal Baths in 
America, connected with the Hotel. 

%^&~ Easily accessible by brief stage-ride from Sir John's Run, sta- 
tion of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, from Baltimore, Washington, 
or the West. 



SHORT- TBIP G TJIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



NATIONAL HOTEL, 

LEXINGTON, 

Virginia. 



A. A. PITMAN, Proprietor, 

5^° Stage and Posting-House for Natural Bridge, 
Jordan Alum, Rockbricl^.3 Alum, and Rockbridge 
Bath (Springs). 

This House has been enlarg;ed, thoroughly renovated, and -well 
furnished, and will be kept as well as any House in the State of Vir- 
ginia, and at prices as moderate. To Excursion Parties every 
facility and information will be given, and deduction in Bills of such 
parties. FAMILIES taken by the week or month, at reasonable 
rates. 

Attached to the Hotel, Stage and Express Office. Telegraph Office, 
and first-class Livery. 

Weyer's Cave Hotel, 

AUGUSTA COUNTY, - Virginia, 
A. MOHLER, Proprietor. 

This hotel stands immediately at the entrance of WEYER'S CAVE. 
one of the greatest natural curiosities of America, and one of the most 
extensive and beautiful subterranean passages in any land (made espec- 
ially famous by the artist and author '' Porte Crayon.") 

The hotei is very complete and commodious in its arrangements. 
Guides for the Cave supplied here only. 

Reached by carriage or stage from Weyer's Cave Depot, on the Val- 
ley Railroad, four miles distaiit; or from Staunton (Chesapeake and 
Ohio Road) or Harrisonburg. 

ES'" Teleoraph and other increased facilities for tourists and sum- 
mer visitors, in process of completion. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE,— ANNOUNCEMENTS, 



Charleston Hotel. 




CHARLESTON, S. C. 



E. H. JACKSON & CO., 



PROPRIETORS. 



8H0ET-TBIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



OCCIDENTAL HOTEL, 

Montgomery Street, 




SAN FRANCISCO. 



The OCCIDENTAL HOTEL is located on Montgomery Street— the 
fashionable promenade of the (. ity— and has a frontage ot275 leet exten- 
ding from IJush to Sutter Streets, by a depth of i68>ij' feet The Hotel 
is four stories high, and is one of the most substantial buildings in 
Cailfornia ; the foundation walls are six to eight feet thick, of the best 
quality of cut stone, laid in cement and lime. The Hotel contains 

Several Private Suites have Bath Rooms and Closets within each Suite. 

THERE AI|E ALSO BATH ROOMS Ot^ EVEI\Y FLO0I|, 

The Hotel is furnished with the latest and most improved styles of 
Furniture. 

The table is always plentifully supplied with the choicest fruits, and 
all the delicacies which an abundant market can (urnish. 

There is a splendid Billiard Room and Bar Room, a Steam Laundry, 
Barber's Shop and mU ihii other aopoiutments necessary for a first-class 
Hotel, connected with this esiablishment. 

One of OTIS BROTHERS' PASSENGER ELEVATORS, of tke 
latest mproved style, has lately been placed in the Hotel, near the office, 
for the accommodation of the guests. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

Maminotli Grove Hotel, 

Calaveras County, California. 

SPEHHY'S HOTEL, 

Murphy's, Calaveras Co. 



SPERRY &> PERRY, Proprietors. 

Trains leave Stockton dail}- for the Grove, connecting with 
daily line for Yo-Semite. 

T^HOE HOUSE, 

LAKE TAHOE, 
Foutieen Miles from Truckee and the C. P. R. R. 



Lake Tahoe is 6,412 feet above the level of the sea, 35 
miles long and 16 miles wide. A fine steamer will convey 
all persons from the Tahoe House who may desire to visit 
the Hot Springs, Emerald Bay, or any other point on the Lake. 

HUTCHINGS' HOTEL, 

Yo-Semite Valley, 

CALIFORNIA. 



The Hotel located farthest up the Valley, and nearest to 
the great points of interest. 
Guides and all information. 
0t^ Telegraph Office to San Francisco and all connections. 



_, 



NEW YORK SPECIALTIES. 



SHORT ■ TRIP 6 UIDE. —ANNO UNCEMENT8. 



COO K'S 

Excursions, Tours, and Eeneral Traveling Arrangements. 



THOMAS COOK & SON, Fleet St.. London. 
COOK, SON & JENKINS. 261 Broadway, N. Y. 



PIONEERS, INAUGURATORS and PROMOTERS of the 
principal Systems of Tours established in Great Britain and Ire- 
land and the Continent of Europe ; and by appointment of the 
British Government, 

General Passenger Agents for the Centennial at 
Philadelphia. 

During the past thirty-three years, over four million travelers 
have visited near and distant points, under their management, 
safely and jjleasantly. 

Their arrangements are now so extensive, that they cover por- 
tions of the four quarters of 'he Globe. 

At their offices can be found the Railway and Steamship 
Tickets used by the travelers for a journey through parts of 

EUROPE, ASIA, AFRICA and AMERICA. 

These Tickets allow one or more individuals to travel at any 
time, by any train, steamer or diligence, by the route specified 
They are fust or second-class, and allow breaks of journey at all 
places of interest to the tourist or pleasure seeker. The great 
advantages derived from their system are the prevention of loss 
from exctiangc of money, through the differences of currencies. in 
n. European or Oriental tour, the prevention of imposition, over- 
charges. &c., &c. . and the fact that most of the tickets are at 
leducLions varying from ten to forty-five per cent, from the ordi- 
nary f;ires, while all the tickets issued by them give the holder 
privileges whicli the ord-in.iry tickets do not. Those ontcmplat- 
ing any extensive tour, should apply personally or by letter t« 
Messrs. Cook, Son & Jenkins, giving an outline of the tour they 
^ish to take; in reply to which a quotation will be given showing 
the total expense, including, if desired, hotel accommodations. 

THOS. COOK & SON, 

Tourist O^ces, Ludgate Circus. 
FLEE r STREET, LONDON. 



SEOR T- TRIP G UIDE -ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



GOUPIL & CO., 

170 Fifth Avenne, cor. 2 2d Street, 

NEW YORK. 

M. KNOEDLER &■ CO., Successors. 



Fine Art Gallery, 

Paintings, Engravings, 

Artists' Materials. 



THE BEST AT THE LOWEST PRICE. 







NOW READY. 

Short-Trip Guide to Europe. 






52 Broadway, New York. 



New and completely revised edi- 
tion for 1875, with many cor- 
rections and additions. 

Literally^ all Europe in a Nutshell. 

^5-i' Handsome 16mo., green flexible coTers, gllt^ 
^ p-ic» reduced to $1.60. 

i m, SHEPARD &. DILLIXGHAM, 

Publishers, 
678 Broadway, New York. 

LEE t SHEFARD, Bostan 



SHORT-TRIP G U11)E.—ANN0 UNCEMENTS. 




PATENT 

CHAMPION SAFES, 

Established 1S41. 



n E :Ei iR I nsr G- sc oo., 

251 k 252 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. 



S6— 6O SUDBURY STREET, BOSTON. 



Proved and triumphant in all the great fires of 
America, as well as in burglarious attempts ; and acknowl- 
edged to be at the head of this important branch of manu- 
facture. 



SHORT.TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



e:st.a-blisi3:e:i:> is31. 



Medal of Progress, Vienna, 1873. 



Cu^PtS 




With 



!4 Without 

111 

Platforms. 



JOHN STEPHENSON & CO, i1 East 27tll St,, N. T. 

MANUFACTURE 

Street Cars and Omnibuses, 



CARS 




OF EVERY VARIETY AND OF MOST PERFECT CHARACTER. 

ORDERS 

Promptly 




SHORT TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOVNGEMENTS. 




_t:£.A.TTE::EtS- 

Having changed our Up-town location from the 5th Avenue Hotel 
to No. 174 jlh Avenue, between zid and 2jd Streets, and having a larger 
store and better tncilitles th>in heretofore, we can now offer our patrons 
a siock of Goods v\ our line, of the lareest and most elegant kind, vrhich 
were especially imported and manufactured for us. 

We have now been established over 18 years, and by producing only 
the best qualities and most Stylish Hats for Gentlemen's wear, we have 
acquired a reputation throughout the United States, unequaled by any 
other house. 

In addition to our own popular productions, we will make the impor- 
tation and sale of English Hats a specialty. Latest styles always on 
hand. 



Agen 



CH. MELTON, 

ts for \ Q 



:;HRISTY & CO., f London. 

LINCOLN. BENNETT & CO., ) 

Sole Agents in the United States for Martin's Celebrated London Umbrellas. 
OUR CELEBRATED NEW YORK HATS 



Maybe obtained from any of the following firms, our authorized 
Agents in the Principal Cities. 

HaRTKORD, GT., IPHILADELPHIA, 

James Dnniels. W. H. Oakford. 

INDIANA I^OLIS, PITTSBURGH, 

Ed. Has^on & Co.| Fleming & Oglevee. 



ALBANY, 

Geo. E. Latham. 
AUGUSTA. GA., 

C- K. Dodd & Co. 
BALTIMORE.- 

R. Q. Taylor. 
BOSTON, 

Jackson & Co 
BUFFALO, 

Wm. Wippert. 
CHICAGO, 

James I". Brewster. 
CINCI.VNA'II, 
A.E Rurkhardt& Co. 
CLEVELAND. 

E. Stair & Co. 
DAYTON. O., 

Aulabaugh Bros. 
DETROIT, 

Walter Buhl & Co. 



LOUISVILLE 

G. C. Dubois. 
MADISON, WIS., 

M. S. Rowley & Co. 
MINNEAPOLIS. 

Fuller & Simpson. 
NEWARK. N. J., 

Whitney & Logan. 
NEW HAVEN, (T., 
Brooks & Co. 
Crofut & Co. 
NEW ORLEANS 

Henri Brisbi. 
OSWEGO, N. y., 

Ruckhout & Barnes. 
PEORIA. ILLS.. 

G. W. H. Gilbert. 



POUGHKEEPSIE, 

E Van Kleek. 
PROVIDENCE, 

Els->ree & Valleau. 
RICHMON'I^VA., 

O. M. Marshall. 
ROCHESTER, 

Marion & Clark, 
SPRINGFIELD, 

Sanderson & Son. 
ST. LOUIS. MO . 

Lewis & Groshon. 
ST. PAUL, 

R. A. Lamphcr&Co. 
TROY, 

E. W. Roughton & Co. 
WASHINGTON, 

Willett & Ruoff. 



SHORT- TRIP G UIDE—ANNO UNGEMENTS. 

THE ALDINeT 

The Art Journal of America. 

An Illustrated Monthly Journal, nniversally admitted to be the Hand- 
somest Periodical in the World. A Representative and 
Champion of American Taste. 

THE ALDfNE, while issued with all the regularity, has none of 
the temporary or /^W/^interest characteristic of ordinary periodicals. 
It is an elegant miscellany of pure, light, and graceful literature; 
and a collection of pictures, the rarest ^specimens of artistic skill, in 
black and white. Although each succeeding number affords a fresh 
pleasure to its friends, the real value and beauiy of THE ALDINB 
will be most appreciated after it has been bound up at the close of 
the year. 

The illustrations of THE ALDINE have won a world-wide repu- 
tation, and in the art centres of Europe it is an admitted fact that 
its wood cuts are examples of the highest perfection ever attained. 
The finesfviews of botli the Old and New Worlds, are given con- 
tinually, in alternation with the noblest productions of the Best 
Masters in the pictorial art; while the literary matter is under the 
ablest supervision and supplied by the most popular pens in Europe 
and America. 

In honor of the Centenary of American Independence, 1875-6, 
THE ALDINE has commenced the publication of a series of 
sf Undid full-page ilbfstrations of the Revolutionary Struggle, which 
wiJ/ appear every month throughout the two years of the celebration. 
It has also commenced the publication of a Revolutionary Novel of 
startling interest, written especially for it, by an Ex-Pension Agent, 
and called "THE Spur of Monmouth," — calculated to create a 
more assured .patriotic sensation than any other national romance 
since Cooper's "Spy." This will be a feature of THE ALDINB 
for months, and is necessarily unattainable by any others than its 
subscribers. 

Every subscriber to THE ALDINE. for 1875. will receive the 
beautiful picture, in oil colors, " Man's Un<^elfish Frend," and will 
also become a member of the Aldine Art Union, entitling to a share 
in the distributions of Fine Original Pictures, now being arranged. 

TERMS. 

One subscription, entitling to THE ALDINE one year, the 
Ghromo and Art Union, $6.00 per annum, in advance. (No charge 
for postage.) Obtainable only by subscription. 

Address, 

THE ALDINE COMPANY, 

58 M.:iden Lane, New York. 



SHOIiT-TIilF G UIDE—A A JSOITN CEMENTS. 



1846. THIRTIETH YEAR. 1878. 



THE 

HOME JOURNAL, 

ENLARGED AND IMPROVED. 

^'The Best Literary and Society Paper in 
America." 

Its leading departments comprise Editorials on topics offresh interest ; 
Brilliant Romances, and Ponraiiuies of American Life; Editorial Re- 
views of new events in llie world ot Belles-Lettres, Painting, Sculpture, 
Science, Music, und the iJrama ; Original EbSays ; Ample Exceiptsirom 
the bfst European Writers; picy Letters trom ( orrespondents in all 
the great Capitals of the \\'orld ; Copious Extracts from New Hooks; 
and racy accounts of sayings, happenings and doings in the lieau 
Monde; embracing the very freshest matters of interest in :his country 
and in Eurone— the whole completely mirroring the wit and wisdom, toe 
humor and pathos, the news and sparkling gossip of the times. 

SUBSCRIPTION. » 
Subscribers will receive The Home Journal for 1875, 

FREE OF POSTAGE. 

The Home Journal alone, one copy, one year $3.00 

X copies, one vear *'•'"' 

6 " '• '" 9°o 

TERMS FOR CLUBS: 

The Home Journal and any $» periodical (either Hamper's Magazine, 
Harper's Weeklv, Harper's Bazar, Atlantic Monthly, Scnbners 
Monthly, The Galaxy, LippincoH's Magazine, Appleton's Journal, 
Frank Leslie's La lies' Journal, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, 
Blackwood's Magazine, Westminster Review, or ;:nv of the English 
Quarterlies republished here) will be sent for $5. 2<, the full price being 
$7. St. Nicholas for $4. ;o; full rates, $6.00. Littell's Living Age for 
$8.75 ; full price, $11. 

Subscriptions will take date immediately, or at anv time subscribers 
prefer. Addrcs-s the proprietors and publishers, 

MORRIS PHILLIPS & CO'., 

IVo. 3 Park Place, New York. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE — ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



REMINGTON. 

The Remington Sewing Machine has sprung rapidly into favor a» 
possessing the best combination of good qualities, namel}- ; Light run- 
ning, smooth, noiseless, rapid, durable, with perfect Lock Stitch. 

It is a Shuttle Machine, with Automatic Drop Feed. Design beauti- 
ful and construction the very best. 

Remington No. i Machine for family use, in the third year of its ex- 
istence, has met with a more ra/>id increase of ratio of sales than any 
machitie 07i the market. 

Remington No. 2 Machine for manufacturing and family use, (ready 
for delivery only since June, 1874), for lange, perfection, and variety of 
work, is without a rival in family or workshop. 




GOOD AGENTS WANTED. ' SEND FOR CIRCULAR. 

A. d. dress, 

REMINUTON SE fflNB MACHINE CO, ILION, H, Y, 

BRANCH OFFICES OF REMINGTON COMPANIES: 
281 & 283 Broadway, New Vork, Arms. 

r D„^„:„^„„ * c^ « MaaisonSq. New York, Sewing Machines. 

t. Remington fit sons, cWcago, in state St., S. Machines and Arms. 
Romintri-nn 9 M Pn Boston, 332 Washington St., Sewing Machines, 
nemmgton i. m. 1.0., Cincinnati. tSi West 4th St., Sewing Machines. 
Rpmino^nn Au-'l Pn Utica, 129 Genesee St.. Sewing Machines. 
nemingian ng 1 V,0., Atlanta, Ga., DeGive's Opera House, Marietta 
ILION N. Y. St., Sewing Machines. 

' ' ■ Washington, D. C, 521 Seventh St., Sewing 

Machines. 



SHORT- TRIP G UIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



THE WORLD-RENOWNED 

HOWE 

S^EMTJJSrG JSIJlCHINES. 



OFFICES /(^^^^^$.^ ESTABLISHED 

PRINCIPAL CIHES ,6^». -'l, ELIIS HOWUr.. 

AND \h^, ms^^ -III 

T O W N s B ^^m W °"^"" '"''"'°' 

^oRLD. ^^^^ Sewinj Machines. 



Principal Office . 

No. 699 BRO^ID^W^A.Y, 
NEW YORK. 



MACHINES SOLD ON EASY TERMS. 



PHILADELPHIA SPECIALTIES. 



SEOET-TBIP G UIDE.— ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

EARLES' 

fm GjlLLEI[IES 

(free,) and 

LOOKING-GLASS 

WARE-IJOOMS, 

No. 816 CHESTNUT STREET, 

PHILADELPHIA. 

(Near Continental Hotel and Girard House.) 




OIL PAINTINGS, 

LOOKING GLASSES, 
PICTURE FRAMES, 
PHOTOGRAPHS, 

ENGRAVINGS & CHROMOS, 
And Beautiful Works of Art, of every character. 
Goods packed to carry in safety, to all parts of the world. 



SOLE AGENTS FOR THE CELEBRATED 

''ROGERS' GROUPS/' 

' (See cut to the left.) 
Circulars on application. 



A Full Display at the "Centennial" EKposition of 1870. 



SaORT-TRlP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

RARE AND CURIOUS BOOKS, 

HANDSOMELY ILLUSTRATED WORKS. 

AND BOOKS IN FINE BINDING^, 

SPECIALTIES. 



Catalogues Sent to Any Address. 



PORTER & COATES, 

Publishers, Importers 

AND 

BOOKSELLERS, 

No. 822 Chestnut Street,, 

PHILADELPMIA. 
]yiarble Building:, acljoiniiiig Coiitinental Hotel. 



SHORT-TRIP G UIDE.~AIfN0UNGEMENT8. 



HELMBOLD'S 

TEMPLE OF PHARMACY, 

CONTINENTAL HOTEL. 

PHILADELPHIA, PENNA. 




PRESCRIPTIONS 
Carefully compounded w'th Pure Drugs and Chemicals. 

IMPORTER OF 

French, German and English Perfumery, 
Soaps, Pomades, Toilet Articles, &c. 

COMPLETE LINE OF LADIES' REQUISITES. 



Principal Agent of 

ATKINSON'S, LUBIN'S AND LETCHFORD'S PERFUMERY. 

Sols Aghnt for 

GOLDEN HAIR FLUID, 
L'AUREOLINE DE ROBARE. 

Patronage of the public is respectfully solicited. 

ALBERT L HELMBOLD. 



Principal Depot for the sale of Helmbold'a Cenuin« 
Preparations • 

Helvtbolds Extract Bucku, 

" Extract Sarsaparilla. 

" Improved Rose Wash & Catawba Pills. 

OPEN ALL NIGHT. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



J. E. M^CLEES & SON, 

m\m^ Ap Fip picTup. 

910 CHESTNUT STREET, 

PHILADELPHIA, 

James E. McClees. Edward B. McClebs. 



PIER, MANTEL & HALL MIRRORS, 

Impopteps of High-Class Paintings, 

Fancy Furniture in Buhl and Mapquetrie, 

Engravings, Statuettes and Objets d'Art. 

LIPPINCOTT'S MAGAZINE, 

An Illustrated Monthly of 

POPULAR LITERATURE AND SCIENCE, 

is unsurpassed in any Department, and unequaled in the fineness of its 
material, and the beauty of its typography. The handsomest, and 
one of the best and most enteriaini'^gof the monthlies. 

FOR SALE BY ALL PERIODICAL DEALERS. 
TERMS.— Yearly Subscription, $4.00. 



TWO Y/LUABLE GUIDE BOOKS: 

PHILA. DELPHI A AND ITS ENVIRONS. A Profusely 11- 
lustraled Guide to the City and Suburbs of Philadelphia, including 
Kairmount Park. Third Edition. Revised and Enlarged, with 
numerous new illustrations. 8vo. Paper Cover. SO Cents. 
THE RAILROAD SCENERY OF PENNSYLVANIA. 
A Tourist's Guide. Profusely Illustrated. 8vo. Paper Cover. 
28 Cents. 

1^" BOTH THE ABOVE IN ONE VOL., CLOTH, $1.0O. 
*** For sale by Booksellers generally, or will be sent by mail, post- 
paid^ upon receipt of the price, by 

J. B. IIPPINCOTT & CO., Publishpr, 

713 and 717 Market St., Philadelphia. 



SHORT- TRIP G UIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

Travelers' Official Guide 

OF THE 

RAILWAYS & STEAM liAYlGATION LINES 

IN THE 

XJlSriTED STATES & CANADA. 



The only Guide recognized by the United States Government, and 
railroad officers, as the standard authority for time, distances, and other 
sUitistics relative to railroads. 

under the auspices of the General Ticket Agents' Association, and 
•old by all news agents and periodical dealers throughout the United 
States and Canada ; also, at the various railroad depois and on trains. 
This is the best advertising medium in the country, and from its large 
circulation, affords unusual advantages to merchants and manufacturers. 

PJtICE PER COPT, 50c.; PEJt TEAR, $4.00. 

For further particulars, as to prices of advertising, &c., application 
should be made to the 

NATIONAL RAILWAY PUBLICATION CO., 

233 South Fifth St., Philadelphia, Pn. 



(( 



Official Time-Tables." 



A New Monthly Publication of about 200 Pages, 

CONTAINING, IN A CONDENSED FORM, TiME-TaBLES 

OF THE Railway and Steam Navigation 
Lines of the United States & Canada. 



The afternoon trains are distinguished from the morning trains by the 
use ot a peculiar style of type for each. Telegraph Stations are desig- 
aated, and the population of each place noted. A short description of 
each city, giving its busiuess iaterests, lists of hotels, &c., is also 
iDcoiporated . 

A new, handsome, and accurate colored railway map is bound in each. 

JfUlCE »S CENTS PER COPT. 

NATfGNAL RAILWAY PUBLICATION CO. 

PHILADELPHIA— 238 South Fifth Street. 

CHICAGO— 96 Deapbopn Street. 



AMERICAN SPECIALTIES. 



SHOBT-TEIF GUIDIS.—ANN0VS0BUENT8. 



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SHORT-TRIP GUIDM-^ANNOUNCEMENTS.. 

UNlOIi PACIFIC ^\lmp COMPANY 

HAVE A LAND GRANT OF 

12,000,000 .A-CIRES 

Of the Best Farming and Mineral Lands in America 

4,250,000 ACRES IN THE STATE OF NEBRASKA. 
3,000,000 ACRES IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN NEBRASKA, 

IN THE 

GREAT PLATTE VALLEY, 

TH£ GARDEN OF THE WEST. FOR SALE A T PRICES THA T 

DEFY competition: 

CHEAP L^NDS— THE BEST INVESTMENT. 

No fluctuations in price. Always improving in value. The wealth of 

the country is made by the advance in Real Estate. These Lands 

are located on the 4ist Degree of North Latitude, in the 

GREAT CENTRAL BELT 

Of Population, Commerce and Wealth, have a mild and health/ climate, 
and for Grain and Fruit Growing and Stock Raising, are unsur- 
passed by any in the United States. 

THE BEST MARKET IN THE WEST, 

The Great Mining Regions of Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, and Nevada, 
are supplied by the Farmers of the Platte Valley. 

THESE LANDS ARE 

Cheaper in Price, and more favorable in Terms, than can be found else- 
where. 10 years credit with interest at 6 per cent. No advance 
interest required. 

PRICES RANGE FROM $1.50 TO $10.(10 PER ACRE. 

A Deduction of 10 Per Cent, for Cash. Free passes to pur- 
chasers of Railroad Lands. 
Maps showing Lands for sale, with the prices corrected up to the latest 
date, also Descriptive Pamphlet with Maps published in ENGLISH 
GERMAN, SWEDISH, DANISH and BOHEMIAN, furnished grat- 
uitously on application to the Land Department, or mailed free to any 
address. ,, 

A Handsome Illustrated Paper, with Maps, etc., and containing the 
Mmmesttad Law, also new Timher Law, mailed free 10 all applicants. 

4ddress, O. F. DAVIS, 

Land Commissiofter, U. P. R. R. , Omaha, Neb. 



SHORT- TRIP UIDE—A NNO UNCEMENTS. 

DESCRIPTIVE GUIDE 
TO THE ADIRONDACKS 

Saratoga Springs, Schroon Lake, 
Lakes Luzerne, George and Cham- 
plain, The Ausable Chasm, 
The Thousand Islands, 
Massena Springs and Trenton Falls. 



B"Y je;. i^. "W'-ajiiIjA.ce:. 



Revised and corrected by the Author. Handsome ii mo., flexible 
corers, red and gold, maps, Ac. Contains over joo pages. Beautifully 
illustrated. Price, $3.00. 

TSSxiM:o3sri,A.i-.s. 

From the ^''Forest and Slream." 

It is in .eality the most complete "Guide to the.\dirondacks," by long 
odds, that lias ever been published. It gives the minutest details of 
routes, distances, localities, sporting grounds, outfits, hotels, expenses, 
and in other respects " does " the wilderness so thoroughly and intelli- 
gibly, that we see no need of any ambitious person attempting anything 
more comprehensive or complete. 

Frem Hon. J. T. IleadUy, the Historian^ Author 0/ ^'Adirondack, tr 
Life in the Woods y' ire. 

It is admirably written, and has just enough of humor, sentiment and 
description of scenery railed, to make It delightful. 

Taking it all in all. it is the most complete book that has been pub- 
lished on the Adirondacks. 

*#*For sale by Booksellers and News Agents. Sent post-paid om 
receipt of price by 

WAVERLEY PUBLISHING CO. 

. ,, SYRACn.SE, N. Y. 







^ 



THE COLEMAN HOUSE Ids just been put in the most 
complete order throughout, havini; been repainted, decorated and 
renovated, and is now unsurpassed as a first-class, quiet Family 
Hotel, on the European Plan. 

The Location is alike Fashionable, Central and Cojivenieiit. 
while th6 prices are very moderate. 

The RESTAURANT, on ground floor, is cheeifuland con- 
venient, while (he Restaurant on Parlor floor, for Ladies and Fami- 
lies, is quiet and elegant, both under Experienced Manage^nent and 
Unrivalled Cuisine. 

The House is well and favorably known as a first-class Hotel- 
Home, both for permanent and transient guests. 



/b..., CLYDE'S 

Coashvise and PVest India 

STEAMSHIP LINES. 



TEXAS LINE, touching at Key West, Fla. Steamers sail every 
'Saturday from Pier 20, E. R. 

SOUTH CAROLINA LINE, between New York and Charles- 
ton, S. C. ; through Tickets to all points in Soutli Carolina, 
Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana. Steamers 
sail Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, from Pier 29, N. R. 

NEW YORK AND HAVANA DIRECT MAIL LINE, 
having in service the largest passenger Steamers out of New 
York Steamers for HAVANA direct every week, from Pier 
13, N R. 



The above Stea7iiers are all new, and have all the improved 
passenger accormnodations, State Rooms on deck, Sr'c. For 
Information apply to '' ■ 

W, p. CLYDE & CO.. Managers, 
No. 6 Bowling Green, N. V. 

Messrs. WAGNER, HUGER & CO., j » 

AND [■ Agents, 

WM. A. COURTENAY. ) 

Charleston, S. C. 

DAN'L MCKELLAR, Agent, 

76 Cali.e de Cuba, Havana 






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